SDS-Tween 60混合反胶束体系萃取大豆蛋白工艺优化

以全脂大豆粉为原料,采用SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)–Tween 60(聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇硬脂酸酯)/异辛烷–正辛醇形成混合反胶束体系,辅以超声波萃取大豆蛋白;研究两种表面活性剂总浓度和质量比、缓冲溶液KCl浓度和pH、W0、萃取温度和时间、大豆粉加入量等因素对大豆蛋白前萃率影响,及缓冲溶液KCl浓度、pH和乙醇加入量对大豆蛋白后萃率影响。通过正交试验优化萃取工艺,得到最优前萃取条件为:表面活性剂总浓度0.10 g/mL,质量比为7∶3、KCl浓度0.10 mol/L,pH 7、W020、萃取温度35℃;在此条件下,大豆蛋白前萃率为89.46%±1.21%。最优后萃取条件为:缓冲溶液KCl浓度1.4 mol/L、pH 8.5、乙醇加入量15%,大豆蛋白后萃率为87.37%±1.64%;总萃取率为78.16%±1.98%。     

反胶束溶液萃取大豆蛋白前萃工艺的研究

本文研究了AOT/异辛烷反胶束溶液萃取大豆蛋白的前萃机理和工艺,研究了pH、 W0、表面活性剂AOT的浓度、KCl的浓度、萃取时间和萃取温度对蛋白前萃取率的影响,得到了以AOT/异辛烷体系萃取低温脱脂豆粕中蛋白质的最佳前萃工艺条件。     

AOT(Tween 80)/异辛烷反胶束体系在萃取番茄籽蛋白中的应用研究

利用AOT(Tween 80)/异辛烷反胶束体系萃取番茄籽蛋白,考察了原料的蛋白含量,讨论了温度、W0、助表面活性剂吐温80用量、浓度、pH值、加料量对蛋白萃取率的影响.实验结果表明较好的工艺条件为:在40℃的超声振荡下,AOT浓度为0.08 g/mL、W0为20时,助表面活性剂吐温80和异辛烷的体积比为1∶100、KCl浓度为0.1 mol/L、pH值在8.0、加料量为0.02g/mL时蛋白萃取率达到47%.     

CAB/正庚烷/正己醇反胶束体系前萃大豆蛋白的研究

探讨了CAB／正庚烷／正己醇反胶束溶液萃取大豆蛋白的前萃机理和工艺，系统地研究了盐的种类、pH、KCl的浓度、表面活性剂CAB的浓度、加料量、萃取温度、萃取时间和w。对蛋白前萃率的影响，得到了以cAB／正庚烷／正己醇反胶束体系萃取全脂大豆粉中蛋白质的最佳前萃工艺条件。     

二次通用旋转组合设计法优化AOT反胶束体系萃取大豆蛋白质的研究

表面活性剂浓度、pH、温度、W0、电解质浓度、乙醇浓度与时间是影响AOT反胶束萃取大豆蛋白质的主要因素,采用二次通用组合旋转对AOT反胶束前萃取大豆蛋白质的工艺进行了研究,建立前萃工艺回归方程,得出前萃工艺优化条件分别为:W014、AOT浓度0.08 g/mL、pH值7.0、KCl浓度0.05 mol/L、萃取时间30 min、萃取温度40 ℃、乙醇浓度0.5%.在此条件下,蛋白质含量为24.14%,蛋白前萃率为65.82%.     

反胶团法提取黑豆蛋白质的前萃取工艺研究

采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)反胶团萃取黑豆中蛋白质。分别考察有机溶剂与助剂种类、表面活性剂浓度、水相pH、盐离子种类和浓度以及萃取温度对前萃取率的影响。通过正交试验考察前萃取过程中水相pH、表面活性剂浓度和离子强度对前萃取率的影响。结果表明,以CTAB/异辛烷-正己醇反胶团体系萃取黑豆蛋白质最佳工艺条件为pH 6,表面活性剂浓度0.04 mol/L,KCl浓度0.10 mol/L,此条件下,前萃取率可达82.50%。     

超声辅助SDS反胶束反萃取花生蛋白的工艺研究

研究采用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)/异辛烷—正辛醇反胶束体系反萃取花生蛋白,并采用超声波辅助萃取,主要研究了缓冲溶液pH值、萃取时间、萃取温度、超声功率、KCl浓度对花生蛋白后萃率的影响.试验结果表明最佳后萃工艺条件为:缓冲溶液pH值为9、萃取时间为40 min、萃取温度为45℃、超声功率270 W、KCl浓度为1.5 mol/l,此时蛋白后萃率为82.62％.     

反胶束萃取大豆蛋白的研究

研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB,表面活性剂)-正辛烷-正辛醇反胶束溶液萃取大豆蛋白质,考察了水相pH、离子强度、有机相中表面活性剂浓度、助溶剂比、萃取时间等因素对大豆蛋白萃取率的影响,并从反胶束微观结构给予解释.研究表明,反胶束溶液萃取大豆蛋白的最佳条件为:CTAB浓度10 mmol/L,正辛醇:正辛烷为1:4(V/V),KCl浓度小于100mmol/L,pH 10,萃取时间15 min.     

反胶束法萃取玉米胚芽蛋白及其功能性研究

研究了AOT/异辛烷反胶束法萃取玉米胚芽蛋白及玉米胚芽蛋白的加工功能性。在实验中分别考察了纤维素酶加酶量、AOT浓度、KCl浓度、缓冲液pH值、W0对玉米胚芽蛋白前萃率的影响,以及萃取时间、KCl浓度、缓冲液pH值对后萃率的影响,确定了前萃的最佳技术条件:加酶量为4 000 IU/g玉米胚芽、AOT浓度为3 g/50 mL异辛烷、萃取pH 6、KCl浓度0.1 mol/L、W0为25;后萃的最佳技术条件为:KCl浓度为0.5 mol/L、萃取pH 10.5,萃取时间40 min;对玉米胚芽蛋白的部分加工功能性进行研究,结果表明其吸油性(2.9 mL/g)、乳化性(54.5%)、乳化稳定性(86.5%)以及泡沫稳定性(58.3%)都较好,但吸水性和起泡性相对较差,玉米胚芽蛋白不但营养效价高,而且具有较好的加工功能特性,在食品工业中具有应用潜力。     

复合反胶束萃取花生蛋白的工艺优化

采用AOT(丁二酸二异辛酯磺酸钠)、SDS(十二烷基硫酸钠)/异辛烷—正辛醇复合反胶束体系,超声辅助萃取花生蛋白,研究超声时间、花生浓度、超声功率、pH、离子浓度、温度、W0(反胶束溶液增溶水与表面活性剂摩尔比)、AOT(g)∶SDS(g)、表面活性剂浓度对蛋白萃取率的影响.结果表明,最佳提取工艺为温度35℃、KCl浓度0 mol/L,pH值8,表面活性剂浓度0.08 g/mL,AOT(g)∶SDS(g)为4∶3,超声功率180 W,W0值15,该工艺条件下,花生蛋白的萃取率为93.33％.     

反胶团萃取分离葡萄酒下脚料中葡萄皮蛋白质

采用阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)反胶团萃取葡萄皮中的蛋白质。分别考察水相pH值、表面活性剂浓度、离子强度、蛋白质浓度、有机溶剂与助剂种类和比例、萃取温度对前萃取率的影响,并采用二次正交旋转组合的试验方法,考察前萃取过程中离子强度、表面活性剂浓度、水相pH值对前萃取率的影响。结果表明:32.68 mmol/L CTAB/三氯甲烷-正丁醇(体积比4∶1)的反胶团体系用于前萃取水相pH为6.4,包含0.4 mol/L NaCl的葡萄皮中蛋白质的浸提液,前萃取率可达56.54%。理想的前萃取条件是:pH 6.4、NaCl浓度0.4 mol/L、CTAB浓度32.68 mmol/L、蛋白质浓度1 mg/mL、萃取温度30℃。在该条件下,采用pH 3.8、后萃取温度20℃、0.8 mol/L NaCl水相进行后萃取,后萃取率可达71.29%。     

超声波辅助反胶束提取菜籽蛋白后萃研究

探索一种超声波辅助反胶束法提取菜籽蛋白的后萃方法,即先回收异辛烷,然后用少量KCl 缓冲溶液溶解剩余固形物,再添加适量乙醇,最后利用菜籽蛋白进入水相而分离得到。运用Uniform Design(均匀设计)对各因素的最佳水平范围进行研究,通过SPSS 软件对回归方程的分析得最佳后萃率时各因素的最优组合为酒精2ml,钾离子浓度1.2mol/L,缓冲液25ml、pH9.5,在此工艺条件下,菜籽蛋白的后萃率为59.56%。     

离子液体辅助双水相系统提取茶渣中茶多酚工艺优化

为发展一种绿色、高效及温和的茶多酚提取方法,采用离子液体(IL)辅助乙醇/硫酸铵双水相系统(ATPS)提取茶渣中的茶多酚,考察了离子液体结构和用量对茶多酚得率和抗氧化性的影响,对提取工艺进行了正交试验优化。结果显示,少量IL添加可提高乙醇/硫酸铵ATPS的分相能力及其对茶多酚的得率,但对提取液的抗氧化活性没有明显影响;咪唑型离子液体对提取茶多酚具有更好的促进作用,咪唑环上侧链越长,其茶多酚得率越高;[C₄mim]Cl辅助乙醇/硫酸铵ATPS对茶渣中茶多酚得率明显高于其他体系,且其提取液中儿茶素类组分含量更高。茶渣多酚最佳提取工艺为[C₄mim]Cl质量分数10%、硫酸铵质量分数30%、乙醇体积分数60%,料液比1∶40 g/mL及超声功率540 W,在此条件下,茶渣中茶多酚得率为85.31±1.25 mg·g-1。IL辅助双水相系统是一种有前景的茶多酚提取工艺,在保持茶多酚活性的同时,能获得较高的茶多酚得率和儿茶素类组分含量。     

Optimization of a novel backward extraction of defatted wheat germ protein from reverse micelles

In this work, a novel backward extraction procedure of defatted wheat germ protein (DWGP) from reverse micelles was explored. Isooctane was recovered by vaporization firstly. Then the remained residue was dissolved in a small amount of KCl solution. The recovery of DWGP was easily performed by the ternary liquid system (acetone: deionized water: isooctane = 15:5:1) precipitation, while most of sulphosuccinic acid bis (2-ethylhexyl) ester sodium salt (AOT) remained in the ternary liquid system. In the end, the precipitation of DWGP was washed with 65% ethanol solution to further remove any residual AOT. The effects of KCl concentration, the amount of KCl solution and pH on the backward extraction efficiency of DWGP were tested. On the basis of single-factor experiments, the optimum backward extraction was achieved by response surface methodology (RSM). When the operation ran under optimized conditions, the backward extraction efficiency of DWGP achieved 80% and the end protein product was completely free of AOT.Industrial relevanceThis experimental result confirmed that this novel backward extraction method had many advantages on the extraction of protein compared to the traditional backward extraction method (changing the conditions of pH and ionic strength in a fresh aqueous phase). This method increased the backward extraction efficiency of defatted wheat germ protein (DWGP) from 57% to 80%, saved the water resource and offered the possibility of precipitating nearly pure DWGP, completely free of surfactant. On the basis of these advantages, it appears that this novel backward extraction technique may have great potential for being scaled-up to a commercially extraction process of protein.     

One-step separation of lysozyme by reverse micelles formed by the cationic surfactant,cetyldimethylammonium bromide

Lysozyme was selectively extracted from reconstituted freeze-dried egg-white, using reverse micelles formed by the cationic surfactant, cetyldimethylammonium bromide (CDAB). The major egg-white proteins, including ovalbumin and ovotansferrin, were solubilized into the organic phase while lysozyme was recovered in the aqueous phase. The solubilization behaviours of proteins were manipulated by processing parameters, including pH and salt concentration in the aqueous phase and concentration of surfactant in the organic phase. The optimum extraction was achieved with sodium borate buffer (50 mM, pH 9, no added KCl) and organic phase containing 50 mM CDAB. After the forward extraction, 96% of total lysozyme activity was recovered. Lysozyme was efficiently purified, more than 30-fold with only a single forward extraction. The suggested extraction procedure has advantages in terms of time and cost compared to traditional reverse micellar extraction which requires both forward and backward extraction steps.     

反胶团法提取文冠果种仁蛋白的后萃条件研究

以文冠果种仁为原料,利用反胶团法萃取文冠果蛋白,在前萃的基础上研究后萃试验工艺参数.试验考察了后萃条件即后萃水相pH、离子浓度、后萃温度、后萃时间等对文冠果蛋白后萃率的影响.后萃最佳工艺条件为:KCl浓度1.2 moL/L、pH值4.0、后萃时间45 min、后萃温度为60℃.KCl浓度、pH值和温度对后萃率的影响均显...     

Factors affecting ionic liquids based removal of anionic dyes from water

Liquid--liquid extraction with imidazolium based ionic liquids--[C4mim][PF6], [C6miml][PF6], [C6mim[BF4], and [C8mim][PF6--is proposed for removal of anionic dyes including methyl orange, eosin yellow, and orange G from aqueous solutions. The effects of extraction time, pH of aqueous phase, structure of the ionic liquids, temperature, and KCl concentration on the extraction efficiencies have been studied. Extraction efficiencies of dyes were strongly affected by the pH of the aqueous phase. Under the optimized pH condition, 85-99% of methyl orange, almost 100% eosin yellows, and 69% of orange G in tested water samples were transferred into the ionic liquids in a single extraction. Extraction efficiency for a given dye was found to increase with increasing temperature and increasing alkyl chain length of cation of the ionic liquids. Presence of a small amount of KCl in the aqueous phase did not considerably improve the extraction efficiency of the dyes. Thermodynamic studies revealed that the extraction process was driven by hydrophobic interaction of the anionic dyes and the ionic liquids.     

Optimizing Assay and Extraction of Lipoxygenase in Wheat Germ

Using three-level seven-factor response surface methodology, wheat germ lipoxygenase (LPO) assay conditions were standardized. The important parameters were concentration of the substrate (linoleic acid), and surfactant (Tween 20), pH and temperature. The standardized LPO assay conditions for the 1 mL reaction volume were : 450 μM linoleic acid, 129 μM Tween 20, 175 mM ethanol, 1 mM EDTA, pH 6.2 (phosphate buffer), ionic strength 100 mM and 40°C. LPO extraction conditions were standardized by sequential variation of parameters. Optimum conditions were a single extraction of defatted wheat germ flour at 2–5°C with magnetic stirring of an extractant acetate buffer pH 4.5, ionic strength 100 mM, at buffer-to-solid ratio 10:l.     

碱性电解水耦合酶提取茶渣蛋白工艺优化

茶渣蛋白具有很好的抗氧化活性,本文以茶渣为原料,研究了碱性电解水耦合酶提取茶渣蛋白的工艺。在单因素实验的基础上,采用正交实验设计优化了碱性电解水提取茶渣蛋白工艺,并优化碱性蛋白酶耦合碱性电解水提取茶渣蛋白工艺。正交结果表明,碱性电解水提取的最佳条件为:pH12.5,提取温度120 ℃,液固比40:1 (mL/g),提取时间40 min,茶渣蛋白提取率为48.3%。耦合酶提取结果表明:碱性蛋白酶添加量为2500 IU/g茶渣,酶解pH为9,酶解时间32 h,茶渣蛋白提取率提高至83%,较单一碱性电解水提取提高34.7%,同时蛋白质总抗氧化能力较高。本研究结果为茶渣的综合利用及蛋白资源的有效开发提供了一定的理论依据。     

响应面法优化茴香精油提取工艺及其微乳特性和货架期研究

本研究通过响应面法对茴香精油提取工艺进行优化,然后以茴香精油为油相、Tween 80+40为表面活性剂、丙三醇为助表面活性剂制备茴香精油微乳液体系,利用流变法、粒度仪及还原反应,对茴香精油微乳构型、粒径、总还原力及贮藏性进行探究。结果表明,当料液比1:8.40 g/mL,浸提时间4.09 h,颗粒粒度80目,浸提温度80 ℃时,茴香精油得率高达15.99%±0.10%。制备的茴香精油微乳粒径为30.92±0.13 nm,当水分含量高于60%时,为稳定的O/W型微乳。茴香精油的乳化明显提升了茴香精油的总还原力。根据化学反应动力学原理,建立Arrhenius方程为:k=2518.85·e?35583.09/RT,该模型预测茴香精油微乳在20、35、50和65 ℃下能贮藏 1899.18、932.03、492.94和 271.51 h,最大相对误差8.73%,误差较小,可准确预测该微乳的货架期。