非正交多址接入无线能量采集协作系统

近年,非正交多址接入(non-orthogonal multiple access,NOMA)技术作为一种应用于5G无线网络的多址接入技术,引起了人们的广泛关注。为了提高NOMA技术的频谱效率、覆盖范围和抗噪性能,并降低系统的能耗,设计了一种基于正交索引调制多址接入(quadrature index modulation multiple access,QIMMA)技术的无线携能(simultaneous wireless information and power transfer,SWIPT)协作网络上行NOMA传输系统,记为协作QIMMA-SWIPT。具体来说,多个远端用户组成一个QIMMA系统,然后通过协作中继的译码转发拓展系统的覆盖范围,并在中继端采用SWIPT技术以便信息在译码的同时进行能量的采集,降低系统的能耗。详细推导了QIMMA-SWIPT系统平均误码率的理论上界,并在频谱效率一定的情况下通过模拟仿真对比分析,得出协作QIMMA-SWIPT系统的误码率性能优于协作IMMA-SWIPT和SCMA-SWIPT系统的结论。此外,深入研究了功率切割因子和信源到中继的距离对系统误码性能的影响。     

非理想连续干扰消除下非正交多址接入上行传输系统性能分析

非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术允许多个发送方共用同一个资源块,接收方通过连续干扰消除(SIC)解码出不同发送方的信息。然而,目前针对NOMA系统的研究大多基于理想SIC的假设,而没有考虑非理想SIC对系统性能带来的影响。针对此问题,该文在非理想SIC的假设下,针对单小区上行NOMA系统提出一套性能分析框架。首先,采用二项式点过程(BPP)对上行NOMA系统中基站和用户设备的空间分布进行建模。基于此模型,采用基于大尺度衰落的干扰消除顺序,对干扰消除的误差情况进行分析。进一步,基于随机几何理论和次序统计理论,推导出距基站由近至远次序为k的用户设备的覆盖概率,并采用平均覆盖概率衡量整个NOMA传输系统的可靠性。理论和仿真结果分析了远近次序、基站半径和发射功率等系统参数对传输可靠性的影响,并验证了理论推导的准确性。     

全双工认知NOMA网络下中继选择策略性能分析

本文把非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术与认知网络相结合,提出了一种基于多中继选择的认知NOMA网络模型。考虑了在瑞利衰落信道下,主网络借助次级网络中的全双工中继实现可靠通信,作为回报,次级网络允许接入授权频谱来传输次级信号。中继同时接收主次信号后,采用串行干扰消除技术(SIC)依次解码主次信号,并根据NOMA协议转发信号到主次用户端。推导了在两种中继选择策略下认知NOMA网络中断概率,并通过了蒙特卡罗仿真验证。仿真结果表明,两阶段中继选择策略和全双工技术能有效提高系统中断性能。      

基于非正交多址接入中继通信系统的功率优化

针对基于非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术的中继通信系统,在兼顾系统性能与计算复杂度的基础上,该文提出一种结合统计信道信息(S-CSI)和瞬时信道信息(I-CSI)的混合功率分配策略(H-PAS)来有效实现上述折中。仿真结果表明,NOMA方案在H-PAS策略下,一方面比单纯利用S-CSI时的传统正交多址接入技术具有更高的频谱效率;另一方面在和速率差别不大的情况下,又比单纯利用I-CSI时的NOMA方案具有更低的信令开销和计算复杂度。     

浅谈5G非正交多址接入技术的军事应用

伴随着5G时代的到来,非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术凭借着自身非正交的优势,在提升频谱效率的同时,大大增加用户连接数目,成为未来5G新型多址接入候选方案.文章分别介绍了不同军事通信场景中几种5G NOMA技术种类,并对其性能进行比较,并提出未来研究的发展趋势.     

基于上行非正交多址接入技术的星空地融合网络性能分析

针对光电混合的星空地融合网络上行链路,该文研究了多天线波束成形技术和上行非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术相结合的系统遍历和速率性能。首先,在无人机采用多天线和上行NOMA技术条件下,为实现系统和速率最大化,提出了一种基于统计信道状态信息的波束成形方案。接着,假设卫星-无人机链路采用自由空间光链路且服从伽马-伽马衰落,无人机-地面用户链路采用射频链路且服从相关瑞利衰落,推导了系统和速率的闭合表达式。最后,通过数值仿真验证了理论分析的正确性。仿真结果表明,与正交多址接入(OMA)方案相比,所提方案提高了系统性能,并且与基准波束成形(BF)方案相比,所提方案具有更好的性能优势。     

非理想SIC下SWIPT-CR-NOMA网络中断性能分析

针对采用无线携能通信的多中继底层协作认知非正交多址接入网络,提出一种两阶段中继选择策略。认知中继执行功率划分的无线携能通信协议为次级用户提供解码转发服务,其能量开销源于所采集到的能量。考虑了实际的非正交多址接入网络中,中继节点与次级用户均无法完全消除多址干扰,即无法实现理想连续干扰消除。在干扰阈值约束下,推导了非理想连续干扰消除下两次级用户端中断概率的精确表达式,并通过蒙特卡洛仿真验证其正确性。此外,定量分析了各系统相关参数（最大发射功率、干扰阈值、功率分配系数等）的选取对次级用户中断性能的具体影响。结果表明,在相同的系统参数设置下,所提方案次级用户中断性能远优于现有部分中继选择方案。      

非理想条件下认知非正交多址接入系统中断性能研究

为满足网络需求,提高系统频谱利用率,该文提出一种覆盖式认知非正交多址接入(CR-NOMA)网络。考虑实际中非线性功率放大(NLPA)、非理想连续干扰消除(ipSIC)和非完美信道状态信息(CSI)等非理性因素,研究所提网络的可靠性能,推导出系统中断概率(OP)和系统吞吐量的解析表达式,并进一步分析高信噪比下中断概率的表达式、理想状态下中断概率的高信噪比(SNR)近似、分集阶数。分析及仿真结果表明：NLPA, ipSIC和信道估计误差参数对系统中断概率性能有负面影响;中断概率随着信噪比的增加而减小,在高信噪比下收敛到一个固定常数;中断概率随着功率分配系数的改变也会产生相应的变化。     

干扰条件下基于NOMA技术的数据链系统性能分析

航空集群作战场景中电磁环境差且需传输业务量大,数据链频谱资源愈发紧张。针对上述问题, 采用NOMA技术提升数据链频谱利用率并分析干扰条件下基于非正交多址接入(NOMA)技术的数据链系统性能。首先针对航空集群作战场景特点,建立了基于NOMA技术的航空数据链系统模型,推导了系统可获得最大速率表达式。其次考虑路径损耗与莱斯衰落的影响, 推导出系统中断概率的闭合表达式,为估算系统性能提供了快速有效的方法。仿真结果验证了理论推导公式的准确性,并进一步分析了信号发射功率、传输距离、敌方干扰以及数据速率等因素对系统性能的影响。      

I/Q失衡影响下无人机多向全双工中继NOMA传输系统性能分析

无人机(UAV)具备高灵活性、强适应性和高机动性等优势,能够为6G网络提供便捷有效的辅助通信方案。为提高UAV通信系统的频谱效率,让所有用户彼此间在更少的时隙内完成信息交互,该文提出一种全双工(FD)多向中继非正交多址接入(NOMA)(FD NOMA MWRN)传输方案,考虑收发端都存在同相/正交(I/Q)失衡的情况,对系统的传输率和能量效率进行分析。仿真结果表明：相比半双工(HD),全双工技术可以实现频谱利用率的翻倍;所提方案比正交多址接入(OMA)方案更具性能优势,且不受用户数量的影响,传输消耗的时隙数始终为1;I/Q失衡会限制系统传输率,UAV的工作高度也对其起到一定的约束作用。     

Secrecy analysis of a cooperative NOMA network using an EH untrusted relay

In this paper, a down-link non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) system with imperfect successive interference cancellation (SIC) using Energy-Harvesting untrusted relays is investigated. These relaying nodes use in this study use a power-switching architecture to harvest energy from the sources signals and apply an amplify-and-forward protocol to forward the signals. In addition, transmit jamming or artificial noise, is generated by a source node to improve the security of the system and protect confidential source information from untrusted relays. Likewise, three relaying selection strategies are employed to examine the secrecy performance of the proposed system. In order to evaluate the performance evaluation of the proposed system, closed-form expressions of the Secrecy Outage Probability (SOP) are studied over Rayleigh fading channels and a Monte Carlo simulation is used to confirm the analytical results. Furthermore, we study the effects of various parameters, such as power allocation factors, relay node selection, the number of relays, energy harvesting efficiency and the location of relay nodes on the secure outage performances for two users of NOMA system and conventional orthogonal multiple access (OMA). These results show that NOMA offers the better security performance with multiple users.     

Performance analysis of SWIPT-assisted adaptive NOMA/OMA system with hardware impairments and imperfect CSI

This paper investigates the effect of hardware impairments (HIs) and imperfect channel state information (ICSI) on a SWIPT-assisted adaptive nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA)/orthogonal multiple access (OMA) system over independent and nonidentical Rayleigh fading channels. In the NOMA mode, the energy-constrained near users act as a relay to improve the performance for the far users. The OMA transmission mode is adopted to avoid a complete outage when NOMA is infeasible. The best user selection scheme is considered to maximize the energy harvested and avoid error propagation. To characterize the performance of the proposed systems, closed-form and asymptotic expressions of the outage probability for both near and far users are studied. Moreover, exact and approximate expressions of the ergodic rate for near and far users are investigated. Simulation results are provided to verify our theoretical analysis and confirm the superiority of the proposed NOMA/OMA scheme in comparison with the conventional NOMA and OMA protocol with/without HIs and ICSI.     

基于双向中继和网络编码的NOMA网络性能分析

针对实际场景中存在的具有上下行双向传输任务的通信系统,本文提出了一种双向中继协作非正交多址接入(NOMA, non-orthogonal multiple access)传输方案,基于解码转发(DF, Decode and Forward)协议研究信号的上行和下行双向传输技术,与现有NOMA方案不同,本方案为近端用户分配较大的功率,利用网络编码(NC, network coding)原理在两个时隙内实现基站和用户之间的双向信息交换。进一步考虑不完美信道状态信息(CSI, Channel State Information)条件,分析系统的传输性能并推导了系统中断概率以及遍历和速率闭合表达式。仿真结果表明,在完美CSI和不完美CSI条件下,相比于现有文献所提方案、单向中继(OWR,One-Way Relay)和正交多址(OMA, Orthogonal Multiple Access)网络,本文所提方案有效降低了系统的传输中断概率,提高了系统的遍历和速率以及系统吞吐量。      

Energy consumption optimization for self‐powered IoT networks with non‐orthogonal multiple access

Energy harvesting (EH) has been considered as one of the promising technologies to power Internet of Things (IoT) devices in self‐powered IoT networks. By adopting a typical harvest‐then‐transmit mode, IoT devices with the EH technology first harvest energy by using wireless power transfer (WPT) and then carry out wireless information transmission (WIT), which leads to the coordination between WPT and WIT. In this paper, we consider optimizing energy consumption of periodical data collection in a self‐powered IoT network with non‐orthogonal multiple access (NOMA). Particularly, we take into account time allocation for the WPT and WIT stages, node deployment, and constraints for data transmission. Moreover, to thoroughly explore the impact of different multiple access methods, we theoretically analyse and compare the performance achieved by employing NOMA, frequency division multiple access (FDMA), and time division multiple access (TDMA) in the considered IoT network. To validate the performance of the proposed method, we conduct extensive simulations and show that the NOMA outperforms the FDMA and TDMA in terms of energy consumption and transmission power.     

多用户认知非正交多址接入系统中断性能分析及功率分配算法

非正交多址接入(NOMA)是5G网络关键候选技术之一,其与认知无线电(CR)技术相结合形成系统(CR-NOMA),能够实现更高的频谱效率及更大的吞吐量。该文将直传与中继协同传输(CDRT)方案引入多用户CR-NOMA系统,其中CDRT表示次级源(SS)直接与近端次级用户通信,而仅通过中继(R)与多个远端次级用户通信。在非理想自干扰消除和全双工(FD)中继情况下,推导了每个NOMA用户中断概率(OP)的精确闭式表达。此外,在该系统模型下分析SS, R和用户的收益最优化问题,提出一种基于收益的两阶段迭代功率分配算法。仿真结果显示,在高信噪比(30 dB)条件下,与随机功率分配及平均功率分配方案相比,该文所提算法的用户和速率、SS总收益、R总收益分别可最高提升13%, 56%及26%。蒙特卡罗仿真验证了理论分析与实验结果的一致性。     

机器类通信中基于NOMA短编码块传输的高可靠低迟延无线资源分配优化方案

针对机器类通信(MTC)应用场景的业务特征和服务质量(QoS)要求,该文考虑基于非正交多址(NOMA)的MTC中短分组/短编码块传输,探讨MTC中基于NOMA的高可靠低迟延无线资源优化问题。首先,上行传输是基于NOMA的MTC通信的瓶颈,考虑无线蜂窝网络中支持NOMA和高可靠低迟延性能要求,该文建立了上行无线资源优化的系统模型;然后,分析上行传输迟延,导出基于距离的链路可靠性函数;进一步,以迟延、可靠性和带宽为约束下条件,提出一种最大化中心用户和速率的无线资源分配算法,并给出算法的收敛性证明和复杂度分析;最后,实验仿真验证了所提算法的性能优势。     

Exploiting secure performance in power domain–based multiple access: Impacts of relay link/direct link and secure analysis

A new design of secure nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) deployed together with cooperative relaying network is investigated in two modes including direct link and relay link. This paper proposes a mathematical analysis under secrecy considerations of a downlink two‐user NOMA systems. In particular, physical layer security of NOMA is studied in two specific metrics to achieve secure performance analysis such as the secrecy outage probability (SOP) and probability of strictly positive secrecy capacity (SPSC). It should be further explored the situation as the illegal user which is assumed to be eavesdropper at the information level, it attempts to decode the information intended to legal users while NOMA scheme is employed for legal users. The transmission techniques of NOMA equipping relaying architecture (dual‐hop transmission) have proposed due to improving the spectrum efficiency greatly compared with the traditional single‐hop networks. Finally, this study shows the advantages of NOMA over the traditional orthogonal multiple access in the studied problems analytically and numerical analysis is further provided. As important achievement, new exact and closed‐form expressions of the SOP and SPSC are derived, and they will be confirmed by simulation, ie, Monte Carlo simulations are performed to verify the proposed analytical results. Ultimately, the effects of some critical factors are studied on secure performance through these simulation results.     

Power allocation schemes for wireless powered NOMA systems with imperfect CSI: An application in multiple antenna–based relay

The simultaneous wireless information and power transfer or energy harvesting (EH) can be combined in nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) as green applications towards 5G. This paper investigates a new cooperative EH‐NOMA protocol, where the intermediate relay has not equipped the fixed power source and acts as a wireless powered relay to help signal transmission to representative weak user and strong user in NOMA. However, impacts of imperfect channel estimation contribute to outage system performance evaluations. We formulate the power resource assignment paradigms as two schemes, namely, fixed power allocation and dynamic power allocation, by considering imperfect channel state information (CSI). To solve this problem, we derive the closed‐form expressions of outage probability under imperfect CSI and the power allocation constraints. The expected numerical results related to the derived expressions for the outage probability are examined that numerical and the Monte Carlo simulations are strictly matching lines.     

An energy-efficient power allocation scheme for millimeter-wave MIMO-NOMA systems

There are many challenges in fifth generation (5G) telecommunication systems, due to the increasing demands and applications. The most important of which are need to have higher energy efficiency (EE) and spectral efficiency (SE). They are critical in the practical multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) telecommunication systems. Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) methods and millimeter-waves can be used in conjunction with MIMO systems to improve their EE and SE performance. In this paper, we investigate the application of NOMA and mm-Wave transmission in the downlink of MIMO systems. Then, we formulate the optimization problem for users in MIMO-NOMA systems to maximize the EE that is subject to minimum data rate to satisfy required quality of service (QoS) and maximum transmission power. To achieve the optimal power allocation for users, we reach a problem for the EE maximization that is non-convex and solution of the optimization problem is not trivial. We exploit a lower bound of the data rate and the Lagrange dual function to convert it to a convex and unconstrained problem, which is easy to solve. In the next step, we derive a relation for determining the optimal power allocation of users. In addition, a numerical algorithm is presented that can be used to solve the problem. According to the simulation results of the proposed algorithm, our method performs better and provides higher EE than both orthogonal multiple access and equal power allocation schemes.