含稀土高炉渣中铈钙硅石相等温析出长大动力学研究

应用“淬火法”研究了等温过程含稀土高炉渣中铈钙硅石相的结晶行为,并讨论了该相析出和长大的动力学规律。铈钙硅石相的形核以均相形核为主,影响铈钙硅石相长大的因素有两个,一个是析出过程中自身长大,另一个是大颗粒吞并小颗粒而产生的粗化,析出动力学过程可近似用JM AK经验方程描述。准平衡态过程中粗化引起的铈钙硅石相晶粒半径的立方与时间呈直线关系。     

RE2O3-CaO-SiO2-CaF2-MgO-Al2O3系炉渣的凝固组织

为了综合利用富稀土高炉渣,利用扫描电镜观察并配合能谱分析和X射线衍射分析研究了RE2O3-CaO-SiO2-CaF2-MgO-Al2O3系炉渣于1 400 ℃熔化并保温30 min,再以1 ℃/min的冷却速度凝固后的组织.结果表明在凝固过程中,绝大部分稀土富集于铈钙硅石(RE2O3·CaO·SiO2)相中;熔渣的凝固组织主要由铈钙硅石、枪晶石(CaF2· 3CaO·2SiO2)、萤石(CaF2)和硫化钙(CaS)这4种相组成.     

熔融高炉渣纤维化过程中析晶行为研究

以高炉渣为研究对象,采用Factsage热力学软件模拟高炉渣冷却过程中矿物开始析出温度、矿物的析出种类及含量;采用熔体物性综合测定仪研究高炉渣降温过程中的黏度变化;采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)研究高炉渣不同温度下的矿物组成和显微结构。结果表明:高炉渣冷却过程中,1 350℃开始析出晶体,析出的主晶相为钙铝黄长石(Ca_2Al_2SiO_7)和镁黄长石(Ca_2MgSi_2O_7)。此外,熔融高炉渣成纤适宜的温度区间为1 350~1 371℃。     

高钛高炉渣中钙钛矿相的析出行为

为促进高钛高炉渣中钙钛矿相选择性析出，满足选矿分离的要求，分别在恒温和连续冷却过程中研究了钙钛矿相的析出行为。实验结果表明，钙钛矿相析出的适宜温度区间为１４００～１３００℃，熔渣在此温度范围内缓慢冷却（冷却速度０．５℃／ｍｉｎ），可有效促进钙钛矿相析出并使其枝晶产生粗化，结晶量达２４．８９％，晶粒度达４８．２７μｍ。此外，通过钙钛矿晶体形貌的变化，探讨了枝晶粗化机理，认为晶体产生缩颈重熔促进了枝晶粗化。     

凝固过程重轨钢中MnS粒子形核与长大动力学分析

利用经典形核理论和扩散控制长大模型计算分析了重轨钢中MnS粒子析出的动力学行为,计算结果表明,MnS粒子在重轨钢凝固过程以均匀形核和晶界形核为主,主要在凝固末期析出。在设定的重轨钢成分下,计算出MnS的有效形核温度为1 634K,即Mn、S实际浓度积等于平衡浓度积。降低S的质量分数小于5.0×10-5能够推迟MnS接近固相线析出,而对MnS的长大半径影响较小;提高冷却速率从0.14K/s到1.45K/s,连铸坯内柱状晶区中MnS的长大半径比中心等轴晶区的大1个数量级,但对MnS的析出时机无影响。S元素是MnS在凝固过程中粗化长大的控制性环节,在凝固过程冷却速率对MnS粒子长大半径起着决定性的作用。     

冷却速度对无缝钢管热处理组织及性能的影响

文章通过对出热处理炉后的钢管采用空冷和水冷的对比试验,研究了冷却速度对钢管组织结构及力学性能的影响。试验结果表明,加快钢管的冷却速度能够增加相变时的形核率、抑制析出相的聚集和长大,从而达到细化晶粒、改善组织、提高力学性能的目的。     

含铈IF钢中含钛夹杂物的析出行为

通过热力学计算研究了IF钢中含钛夹杂物的形成过程以及铈对钢液中Al2O3夹杂物的变质机理,并采用扫描电镜、能谱仪观察和分析了IF钢和含铈IF钢中的含钛夹杂物。热力学计算和扫描电镜观察结果表明:TiN不能在熔炼温度下形成;在IF钢液凝固的过程中TiN以异质形核的形式生成并长大,生成TiN-Al2O3夹杂物;在含铈IF钢中TiN-Al2O3夹杂物被稀土铈变质为TiN-CeAlO3夹杂物,稀土铈减小了含铈IF钢中含钛复合夹杂物的尺寸。     

高钛渣中金红石相非等温过程析出动力学研究

使用攀西地区钛精矿生产的高钛渣为原料,利用冶金物理化学方法,通过不同的淬火温度来观察高钛渣中钛组分富集到金红石相的过程,分析金红石相结晶过程中析出长大的动力学规律。试验结果发现变温过程中促使金红石相的析出与长大是来自两个方面因素:一是晶粒自身浓度达到一定的饱和程度后进行自发的生长;另一方面是金红石晶体与渣体之间的界面产生应力使体系自由能升高导致的晶粒逐渐长大。其析出长大动力学可以用JMAK方程近似表示,并且其冷却速率越低,金红石相析出量越多、金红石相晶粒尺寸越大。     

Nb-Ti微合金钢碳氮化物的析出热力学模型及分析

以规则溶液亚点阵模型为基础,针对Fe-Nb-Ti-C-N系统,进行了热力学平衡计算。计算结果表明,高温阶段的析出相为TiN,微细的TiN强烈地抑制奥氏体晶粒长大;低温阶段的析出相以碳化物(NbTi)C为主,NbC和TiC是抑制奥氏体再结晶及再结晶后晶粒长大的主要因素。析出相形成元素Ti的增加引起其形核化学驱动力增大,并加快析出的动力学过程。     

稀土及卷取后冷速对高强钢板组织及第二相的影响

利用金相显微镜、扫描电镜、维氏硬度仪、X射线衍射仪、物相分析等检测手段研究了600℃卷取温度下,稀土及卷取后冷速对高强热轧钢板组织及第二相的影响。结果表明,试样卷取后,不同的冷却速度对稀土高强钢第二相的析出和组织有影响,对于1#(稀土含量30×10-6)高冷速下的第二相析出比低冷速要更加均匀,但是析出相的数量要少析出54. 5×10-6,对于2#钢(稀土含量80×10-6)低冷速下的第二相析出比高冷速多析出13. 6×10-6。在同样冷速下冷却到400℃后析出相的数量达到最大值,继续冷却后析出相数量基本不会变化。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.