铈掺杂氧化锌微球的形貌、光致发光和气敏性能（英文）

采用溶剂热法合成铈掺杂氧化锌微球。利用粉末X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、荧光光谱仪和气敏测试系统对样品的显微组织、形貌、发光和气敏性能进行表征。结果表明,铈掺杂氧化锌微球具有纤锌矿结构,由无数直径为70 nm的氧化锌棒组成。铈掺杂引起微球中棒状氧化锌由疏松排列向紧密排列结构演变。与纯氧化锌微球相比,铈掺杂氧化锌微球的紫外发光峰出现明显的红移,蓝色发光得到加强。在320℃测试条件下,铈掺杂氧化锌微球对乙醇气体的灵敏度和选择性显著高于纯氧化锌微球。6%Ce掺杂的氧化锌微球具有最高的灵敏度(约30),其对于50×10~(-6)的乙醇气体的响应和恢复时间分别为2s和16s。     

钕掺杂氧化锌粉末的光性能和光催化性能(英文)

为了提高氧化锌(ZnO)的光催化性能,通过水热法制备了不同钕(Nd)掺杂量的ZnO。X射线衍射分析(XRD)和光电子能谱(XPS)测试说明钕原子成功地掺杂进入了ZnO晶格。XRD图谱还说明了粉末具有各向异性。光致发光(PL)图谱在可见光区域出现较宽范围的强峰。Nd掺杂使得可见光发射强度增强。光催化性能通过降解甲基橙溶液进行测试。研究发现Nd掺杂使得氧化锌的光催化性能得到提高,当掺杂Nd的摩尔分数为3%时,其光催化性能最佳。Nd掺杂引起的电子空穴对的增加以及诱导产生的置换氧缺陷(OZn)和间隙氧缺陷(Oi)使得可见光发射增强和光催化性能得到提高。     

惯性约束聚变靶丸的塑料涂层制备技术

在惯性约束聚变(ICF)中,微球表面覆盖塑料涂层和塑料掺杂涂层具有极大的使用价值。本文介绍了制备此类涂层的两种最有前景的微球涂敷技术,即低压等离子体聚合(LPP)结合分子束悬浮(MBL),激光诱导化学气相沉积(LCVD)结合粘滞性气体射流悬浮(VGJFL);并简述了涂层的分析方法。     

ZrO_2掺杂电泳漆环氧涂层的制备及防护性能

在电泳清漆环氧树脂中掺杂硝酸锆(Zr(NO3)4·5H2O),采用一步电泳法制备ZrO2掺杂改性的阴极电泳漆涂层,用于镀锌钢的腐蚀防护。红外测试表明,硝酸锆水解产物ZrO2与环氧树脂粒子共沉积构成阴极电泳涂层,并在涂层/金属界面发生富集。电化学阻抗谱、盐水浸泡和电化学扫描显微镜等结果表明,硝酸锆掺杂的电泳漆涂层防腐蚀性能得到大幅度提高。这可能是由于一方面掺杂形成的ZrO2填补了涂层本体的微孔缺陷,另一方面ZrO2在涂层与金属界面形成的富集层提高了涂层与金属之间的结合力。     

SiO2微球负载BTA缓蚀剂型自修复耐蚀涂层的制备及性能研究

目的研究由负载缓蚀剂多孔Si O2微球和7537聚氨酯(PU)所制备的自修复涂层的耐蚀性能和防腐机理。方法利用负压-浸渍法将苯并三氮唑(BTA)负载到Si O2微球中,利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、热重分析(TGA)分别对Si O2的形貌与BTA负载含量进行分析检测,并利用划痕浸泡试验、电化学极化曲线及交流阻抗技术,研究Si O2、BTA以及负载有BTA的多孔Si O2微球(Si O2/BTA)对涂层耐蚀性能的影响。结果 SEM图像分析表明Si O2微球粒径约为1μm,热重分析试验表明BTA的负载含量为32.38%(质量分数)。划痕试验表明在浸泡过程中除了PU+Si O2/BTA coating试样外,其他试样的划痕处都出现了宏观腐蚀现象。电化学极化曲线和交流阻抗结果表明PU+Si O2/BTA coating试样始终具有最低的电流密度和较高的阻抗值。结论涂层中的多孔Si O2一方面可以储存BTA,当该涂层产生缺陷时,Si O2中的BTA被释放出来并在基体的缺陷处吸附成膜,从而使该涂层对微观缺陷具有一定的自修复功能;另一方面提高了涂层的致密性;两方面协同作用使PU+Si O2/BTA coating试样具有最好的耐蚀性能和一定的自修复功能。     

WBE技术研究水线区破损涂层的剥离机制

应用阵列电极(WBE)和电化学阻抗谱(EIS)技术,研究了破损涂层在3.5%(质量分数)Na Cl溶液中的电流分布及阻抗谱,并根据电流分布和涂层阻抗变化探究了破损涂层在水线区的剥离机制。结果表明:人为破损和涂层固有缺陷均对其附近涂层有加速阴极剥离的作用。浸泡初期,缺陷处涂层最先剥离,此后,涂层剥离主要在破损处和缺陷处附近优先发展。并且在水线作用下,缺陷处附近的涂层剥离向水线方向发展。水线上涂层较水线下剥离较晚,其剥离速率主要受水在涂层中的渗透速率控制。     

N掺杂对磁控溅射Ta涂层微观结构与耐磨损性能的影响

采用磁控溅射技术,以AISI304不锈钢为基体,通过在溅射过程中引入不同流量的N2,制备出不同程度N掺杂的Ta涂层,研究了少量N掺杂对Ta涂层微观结构、物相组成、力学及磨损性能的影响。结果表明,无N掺杂时,Ta涂层中的物相组成为α-Ta,晶粒粗大,(211)和(110)晶面竞争生长;N掺杂后涂层中的物相组成为TaN0.1,晶粒细小并呈(110)择优取向。少量N掺杂可以显著提高Ta涂层的硬度和弹性模量,并大幅度改善其抗磨损性能。涂层硬度和弹性模量的提高与晶粒细化、N原子固溶及涂层中存在的压应力有关。N掺杂后涂层的磨损机制由磨粒磨损向黏着磨损转变。     

氧掺杂对MT-TiCN涂层结构和性能的影响

在现有MT-TiCN涂层的CVD制备气氛体系中,通过掺入不同比例的CO气体对MT-TiCN涂层进行氧掺杂处理。采用SEM、EDX、XRD、纳米压痕仪等分析涂层的形貌结构、沉积速率、粒径及成分组成、取向织构、纳米硬度等;采用切削实验测试涂层硬质合金刀片的切削性能,综合分析氧掺杂对MT-TiCN涂层结构和性能的影响。结果表明:涂层中的氧含量随CO掺入比例的提高而增加;氧掺杂导致了涂层细晶纤维状结构的形成,且晶粒尺寸随氧含量的增加而减小;CO掺入比例提高对涂层的沉积速率没有影响;涂层均表现出(422)择优生长取向,但氧掺杂促进了涂层向最密排晶面(111)生长,使涂层的硬度增加;单层氧掺杂MT-TiCN涂层切削刀片的抗磨粒磨损性能降低,但在磨损形式以正常粘附磨损为主的高速切削中,具有超细晶结构及高硬度的氧掺杂MT-TiCN涂层切削刀片及其复合了Al2O3涂层的多层涂层切削刀片均体现出了较好的耐磨性能。     

硬质合金激光改性协同仿生微织构对硼掺杂金刚石涂层性能的影响

目的 研制应用于超精密加工领域的高性能金刚石涂层,探究硬质合金基体表面激光微织构对硼掺杂金刚石(BDD)涂层沉积质量的影响,分析不同类型的仿生微织构对基–膜结合强度、工具切削性能的改善效果及原因。方法 在硬质合金表面使用激光脉冲制备不同类型的仿生微织构,并通过热丝化学气相沉积(HFCVD)法在刀具表面沉积BDD涂层。采用数显洛氏硬度计(HRS-150)、超景深三维显微镜、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、能谱仪(EDS)、白光干涉表面轮廓仪、拉曼光谱(Raman)对样品进行表征。通过压痕试验及铣削试验研究涂层的附着强度和刀具的切削性能。结果 激光微织构边缘发生表面硬化。激光微织构区域沉积BDD涂层后,基体表面缺陷显著降低,织构内部金刚石晶粒更密集,沉积质量提升,三角织构(TT)边缘的金刚石颗粒堆积坡度最缓,不同类型的织构化BDD涂层的粗糙度、金刚石纯度、切削性能及附着强度均不同,涂层附着力与表面硬度呈正相关。硼掺杂三角织构(BDTTD)涂层刀具具有最佳的切削性能。结论 织构边缘和内部具有更高的金刚石二次成核率和沉积质量。织构的存在可以提升BDD涂层的附着强度和刀具性能,并且织构边缘的涂层附着力最强,这些得益于激光烧蚀及仿生微织构对硬质合金表面的硬化及对BDD涂层内在缺陷的修复。     

镍离子掺杂TiO2涂层的制备及亲水性研究

目的 研究不同含量的镍离子掺杂对TiO2纳米涂层亲水性能的影响.方法 采用溶胶-凝胶法制备不同含量Ni2+掺杂TiO2纳米复合溶胶,通过浸渍提拉法在载玻片上成膜,经过热处理后,得到不同含量Ni2+掺杂TiO2复合涂层.通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见光分光光度计(UV-Vis)、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和表面接触角仪,对掺杂不同浓度Ni2+后TiO2的晶型、涂层微观形貌、光吸收性能、结构组成和涂层亲水性等进行表征分析,从而确定最佳Ni2+浓度的复合涂层材料配方.结果 制备的TiO2主要由锐钛矿相和少量金红石相组成,Ni掺杂抑制了锐钛矿相向金红石相的转变.随着Ni含量的增加,TiO2晶粒尺寸逐渐降低.适量掺杂Ni2+制备的TiO2纳米涂层表面形貌光滑,粒子分布致密均匀.掺杂使吸收波长阈值向长波方向偏移,禁带宽度减小,在一定程度上提高了TiO2涂层的亲水性.当Ni2+掺杂质量分数为1.5％时,TiO2涂层亲水性最佳.结论 采用溶胶-凝胶法实现了镍离子掺杂TiO2的改性,掺杂Ni2+后,Ni2+/TiO2复合涂层的亲水性能明显提高.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.