合金化热镀锌钢板抗粉化性能的研究进展

综述了合金化热镀锌钢板抗粉化性能的研究进展,重点论述了镀层相结构的形成机理和镀层相结构对镀层抗粉化性能的影响,同时介绍了镀层抗粉化性能的其它影响因素。     

不同铝含量热镀锌合金化镀层的电解剥离实验

电解剥离试验是一种定量分析热镀锌合金化镀层相结构的方法,但电解剥离的试验数据不能直接确定合金化镀层中的Fe-Zn相结构,需要考虑试验过程中产生的各种电化学副反应的影响,本文优化了电解剥离分析合金化镀层相结构的试验参数.结果表明:在足够低的电位扫描速度下,电解剥离试验可以使合金化镀层中的各相逐相溶解,能够准确分析合金化镀层中的铁含量和η、ξ、δ、Г等相的厚度.利用电解剥离试验测得的极化曲线和提出的数据分析方法结合各相的初始溶解电位准确测量了铝含量不同的热镀锌合金化镀层中各相的厚度和含量.     

汽车用热镀锌钢板的性能及表面质量改进

汽车钢板不仅要求具有耐蚀性,也要满足压力成形、焊接、化学成膜处理和涂漆等各种性能。目前大多使用厚镀层电镀锌钢板(EG),合金化热镀锌钢板(GA),还有非合金化热镀锌钢板(GI)。GI钢板不仅作为汽车装饰材料,也用来制作汽车外板,其需要量在不断增加。GI钢板与EG钢板相比较是镀层厚,制造成本低。但GI钢板表面质量、压力加工成形和点焊接等性能还需要改进。日本川崎制铁公司为解决GI钢板存在的表面质量问题,研究了如镀锌层表面皱纹和存在附着渣滓等问题,GI钢板的质量已有了改进,开始用于作汽车外装饰板。1　热镀锌钢板(GI)的特性1.…     

我国热镀锌钢板生产及镀锌技术的发展

介绍了我国热镀锌钢板的生产概况,分析了其存在的问题及技术发展趋势,并就涂镀层钢板生产的几个热点问题进行了探讨,认为今后涂镀层钢板生产只能在竞争中求生存求发展。     

合金化热镀锌钢板的性能影响因素及研究进展

叙述了影响合金化热镀锌板性能的各种因素,包括镀锌原板(钢板品种、表面质量、微合金化元素)、热浸镀及合金化过程工艺参数、锌锅内化学元素、镀层相组成等对合金化热镀锌板最终质量的影响。分析了DP、TRIP钢等先进高强钢热镀锌及合金化过程中出现的问题,针对这些问题,给出了各钢种的最佳合金化工艺及适用冲压等使用条件要求的镀层相组成。     

热镀锌钢板镀层合金化过程铁-锌相变的原位观察

用ESEM原位观察了铝含量不同的两种热镀锌钢板合金化过程中镀层表面和断面铁-锌合金相的生长,并用GDOES分析了镀层中元素分布和相结构的变化。实验结果表明：铝含量对热镀锌钢板合金化过程中镀层结构的变化具有重要的影响。铝含量为0.13%时,镀层从ζ相的形成到转变为δ相的过程是均匀进行的,铁-锌合金相均匀地生长,镀层的相结构以δ相为主;铝含量为0.22%时,界面处的铁-锌反应不能同时进行,合金化过程局部被延迟,镀层中形成了大量的暴发组织,ζ相及δ相的形成时间不同且不能均匀有序地形成,镀层的相结构是δ和ζ相的混合物。     

热镀锌合金化镀层相结构对摩擦特性与粉化量的影响

利用XRD、SEM、摩擦因数测量仪及双杯突试验机,研究了热镀锌合金化钢板(GA)镀层的相结构对摩擦特性与粉化量的影响。结果表明,随着GA镀层表面ζ相含量的增加,表面铁含量的降低,镀层表面的摩擦因数逐渐增加。相反,随着镀层中铁含量的增加,合金化镀层的粉化量逐渐增加。     

金属玻璃剪切带中应力诱导的纳米缺陷形成

以非晶锆基金属玻璃薄带制备透射电子显微镜样品,并利用透射电镜找到在弯曲样品过程中产生的剪切带.高分辨透射电镜技术揭示在剪切带中存在着纳米级的空洞类和高密度区域缺陷.这些缺陷被认为是在机械负载和外应力移除过程中应力激发的自由体积演化而成的,其演化过程可以通过和在相同的金属玻璃样品上的热退火过程作类比来定性地理解.     

Al-Mg�Ͻ��Ц����͸��羵�о�

 本文利用TEM对双喷电解及氩离子减薄两种方法制备的Al-Mg合金中的β相进行了研究。结果表明,在透射电子显微镜下,利用双喷电解制备的试样观察不到β相,而利用氩离子减薄制备的试样可以观察到β相。利用电子衍射花样特征可以区别β相和MnAl6相。     

锆基金属玻璃中离子减薄诱导的微结构变化

用电化学双喷、凹坑法和离子减薄制备了4组Zr52.5Cu17.9Ni14.6Al10Ti5金属玻璃的透射电子显微镜样品。透射电镜观测表明,电子透明区域的微结构随采用的离子减薄条件变化敏感。通过对比选区电子衍射花样和相同成分样品等温退火的X衍射花样发现,在一些严重依赖于离子减薄制备的电镜样品中存在显著的加热效应,导致在离子减薄区域形成了不同的有序结构。在那些特意使用长时间减薄的样品中,可达到约780 K的局域峰值温度,远远超过了该成分的玻璃转变温度。这个结果表明,在用离子减薄获得非晶合金的电镜样品时,必须注意减薄过程所诱导的潜在的微结构变化,以避免得到错误的判断     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Growth Kinetics of Single Inclusion Particle in Molten Melts

On the basis of the single-particle framework, a new theory on inclusion growth in metallurgical melts is developed to study the kinetics of inclusion growth on account of reaction and collision. The studies show that the early growth of inclusion depends on reaction growth and Brawnian motion collision, and where the former is decisive, the late growth depends on turbulence collision and Stokes＇ collision, and where the former is dominant; collision growth is very quick during the smelting process, lessened in the refining process, but nearly negligible in the continuous casting process.     

Theoretical Analysis for the Motion and Temperature of Melt Droplets in Spray Degassing Process

The motion of melt droplets in spray degassing process was analyzed theoretically. The height of the treatment tank in spray degassing process could be determined by the results of theoretical calculation of motion of melt droplets. To know whether the melt droplets would solidify during spraying process, the balance temperature of melt droplets was also theoretically analyzed. Then proof experiments for theoretical results about temperature of melt droplets were carried. In comparison, the experimental results were nearly similar to the calculation results.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.