Gamma-ray emission probabilities of the fission products 144Ce144Pr, 106Rh, 95Zr

The fission products ¹⁴⁴Ce¹⁴⁴Pr, ¹⁰⁶Rh and ⁹⁵Zr play an important role in the burn-up determination of fuel elements by means of γ-ray spectrometry. One of the crucial quantities in this field is the absolute γ-ray emission probability (intensity) for which values available in literature have not the desirable accuracy of 1–2%.By using Ge(Li)-spectrometers of known efficiency and sources calibrated by 4πβ-γ-coincidence methods, we determined absolute γ-ray emission probabilities of ¹⁴⁴Ce¹⁴⁴Pr, ¹⁰⁶Rh and ⁹⁵Zr with an uncertainty of ±1% for the main γ-rays.     

海水中放射性核素238U、232Th、600Co、137Cs浓集实验

采用广东省环境辐射监测中心编制的操作规程《海水中γ核素浓集方法实施细则》分析了环境海水样品的γ放射性核素238U、232Th、60Co、137Cs,该方法的238U、232Th、60Co、137Cs的回收率分别为82.5%、79.3%、80.3%、91.3%;制样放置约90 d后测量238U的数据更准确。     

^161Tb低能γ射线发射几率的精确测量

利用4πβ-γ符合装置和低能光子谱仪精确测量了161Tb衰变γ射线的发射几率.对于25.7 keV、48.9 keV和74.6 keV的低能γ射线,测定结果分别为0.2327±0.0053、0.1700±0.0031和0.1001±0.0019.表明本测量结果的不确定度明显减小.     

Cross sections for K-shell ionization by 1H, 2H, 3He,and 4He ion impact

Cross section for K-shell ionization derived from experimental measurements with the light ions ¹H, ²H, ³He, and ⁴He are tabulated according to projectile energy and target atomic number.     

^6Li第二激发态中子—质子晕结构的首次实验证实

利用北京HI－13串列加速器次级束流线产生的能量为4．17AeV的^6He束对电荷交换反应^1H(^6He,^6Li)n的角分布进行了逆运动学的测量。实验结果与微观计算的比较表明：^6Li第二激发态和^6He的基态都具有晕结构。本工作首次实证了K.Arai等1995年提出的^6Li第二激发态具有中子－质子晕结构的理论预言。     

Effets de protection mutuelle dans les interactions238U235U et 238U239Pu

This study presents some results concerning mutual shielding calculations. ²³⁸U²³⁵U and ²³⁸U²³⁹Pu interactions were studied for the fissile isotope enrichments between 0 and 4%. The resolved cross sections of fissile isotopes were calculated for 20 and 1000°C.The study of the mutual shielding effect, in a heterogeneous cell of volume ratio 2, was performed for three fuel rod radii r = 0,2, 0,5 and 2 cm. A second study of the Doppler effect on the resonance overlap were performed on a homogeneous medium equivalent to the usual P.W.R. lattices. This effect was found to be appreciable.     

Sr树脂在气溶胶~(210)Pb、~(210)Bi和~(210)Po联合分析中的初步应用

气溶胶中~(210)Pb、~(210)Bi和~(210)Po的活度浓度处于不平衡状态,本工作对3种核素联合分析进行了方法设计,并采用标准溶液对方法进行了验证。方法验证了Sr树脂对Pb-Bi-Po的分离。依据三种核素的回收率~(210)Bi(约97%)~(210)Po(约93%)~(210)Pb(约89%)、PbSO_4中~(210)Bi的生长曲线及BiOCl的衰变曲线,可以确定Sr树脂对3种核素的分离效果较好。Sr树脂在气溶胶~(210)Pb、~(210)Bi和~(210)Po中的联合分析应用研究,可以应用于探究气溶胶中Pb-Bi-Po不平衡现象,为气溶胶分析提供技术方法。     

有临床应用意义的^188W／^188Re发生器的研制

对^188W/^188Re发生器的吸附条件及装柱工艺等进行了研究,确定了最佳的吸附条件及吸附容量等重要参数,制备了以酸性氧化铝为吸附剂的医用^188W/^188Re发生器（7．40GBq),可用生理盐水淋洗得到^188Re.^188Re的淋洗效率在3个月之内大于70％,^188W的漏穿率小于10^-4%,核纯度和放射化学纯度均大于99％。     

Dependence of Quasi-Particle Alignment on Proton Number in N=44 Isotones 82Sr,83Y,84Zr and 85Nb

The g-factors of Ground Rotational Band states of N=44 isotones 82Sr, 83Y, 84Zr and 85Nb have been measured by the transient-magnetic-field ion implantation perturbed angular distribution (TMF-IMPAD) method. The measured g-factors of 82Sr increase with the increase of spin I, indicating a proton alignment only. Positive peaks appear in the variation of g-factors with spin for 83Y and 84Zr at spin 21/2+ and 10+ respectively, indicating a proton alignment followed by a neutron alignment. A negative peak occurs for 85Nb at the spin25/2+ , indicating a neutron alignment followed by a proton alignment.     

^237Np与^233Pa的分离与测定

采用多孔高硅氧玻璃作吸附柱，研究了在8mol/LNHO3介质中^237Np与子体^233Pa的分离和测定。研究结果表明，用H2SO4解吸^233Pa，能使^237Np与^233Pa定量分离。^237Np和^233Pa的放化回收率分别为99％－101％和99％－103％，方法的相对标准偏差分别为2％和3％。     

The Applications and Fabrication Methods of 90Sr/90Y Sources

The applications of ⁹⁰Sr/⁹⁰Y sources were reviewed on clinical medicine, thickness gauge, continuous energy supply for science and industry, reference source for contamination calibration. The application of each source proposes certain requirement for the source properties, and that could be realized by some corresponding preparation method. Different⁹⁰Sr/⁹⁰Y source preparation methods for each application were introduced, and the characteristics of them were contrasted.     

用聚酰胺树脂从~(99)Mo中提取~(99)Tc~m

固相分离材料是色层法从低比活度~(99)Mo料液中分离医用同位素~(99)Tc~m的关键。采用静态吸附和动态吸附淋洗实验,研究了聚酰胺树脂从~(99)Mo中吸附分离其衰变子体~(99)Tc~m的工艺,评价了其性能。结果表明:在NaOH浓度为3mol/L的钼酸钠溶液中,聚酰胺树脂能够在10s内选择性地吸附高锝酸根离子,并具有3.85mg/g的饱和吸附容量。2.0g装柱量的聚酰胺色层柱的漏穿体积约为70 mL,可用25 mL 3 mol/L NaOH溶液洗涤柱上残留的钼酸根离子,最后20mL水即可将吸附在聚酰胺色层柱上的锝淋洗下来。本研究为开发基于色层法的全自动~(99)Mo/~(99)Tc~m发生器装置提供了一种新型钼锝固相分离材料,其提取锝的淋洗效率为98%,洗脱液中钼的残留为0.6mg/L。     

235UF6和238UF6同位素分子共振能量转移研究

本文利用长程力碰撞理论计算了²³⁵UF₆和²³⁸UF₆同位素分子间ν₃振动能量的近共振碰撞转移过程,得到了不同温度下共振函数随能量差变化的曲线,发现共振函数的宽度随温度的升高而增大。计算了不同温度下共振转移几率和共振转移速率,发现它们随温度的升高而减小。可见,²³⁵UF₆和²³⁸UF₆同位素分子的平动会降低其共振转移几率和共振转移速率,这为激光光化学法分离铀同位素提供了理论依据。     

北京地区大气中7Be、137Cs和131I活度浓度分布规律初步研究

介绍了全面禁止核试验条约（CTBT）国际监测系统（IMS）北京核素台站和北京放射性核素实验室的大气气溶胶取样和测量过程;对核素台站和放射性核素实验室的大气气溶胶的长期监测数据进行了统计分析,得到了⁷Be、¹³⁷Cs和¹³¹I活度浓度的分布特点和规律,为深入研究大气中相关放射性核素浓度分布规律奠定了基础。     

环境水体中~(90)Sr和~(137)Cs的监测方法

以国家标准为基础,对环境水体中~(90)Sr和~(137)Cs的监测方法进行了技术改进:增大采样量(50~100L),选择高效沉淀剂和低水平探测器。采用改进后的方法测定了50~100L水中~(90)Sr和~(137)Cs,结果显示:~(90)Sr和~(137)Cs的浓集效率分别为(91.3±2.8)%和(97.2±1.4)%;~(90)Sr的全程回收率为81.5%±2.8%;~(90)Sr和~(137)Cs的探测下限分别为8.6×10~(-4) Bq/L和9.8×10~(-4) Bq/L。50L水中~(90)Sr的比对结果显示,4家实验室测定值与标称值的相对偏差均小于11%。以上结果表明,该方法适用于环境水中微量~(90)Sr和~(137)Cs的监测,可满足环境本底调查和环境监测的要求。     

Ranges of low energy 119Sb and 125I in metals

Mean ranges of ¹¹⁹Sb in tin and ¹²⁵I in copper have been measured for the energy region of 10 keV to 60 keV by using the samples prepared by ion-implantation of these nuclides into vacuum-evaporated layers of metals. The observed ranges are in good agreement with those predicted by the theory of Lindhard et al. for 0.1 > ? > 0.02, but they are slightly smaller for 0.02 > ? > 0.01 in terms of the dimensionless energy ?.