模拟移动床制备高纯度低聚果糖的研究与应用

以普通级低聚果糖(FOS60)为原料,利用模拟移动床色谱(SMB)分离技术连续分离纯化低聚果糖。以分子筛树脂为分离剂,纯水为洗脱剂,在最优参数条件下实现了单糖、二糖和低聚果糖的分离,SMB出口单糖、二糖纯度达到80.65%,低聚果糖纯度达到96.87%,低聚果糖回收率达到80.48%。本工艺产品纯度高,回收率高,操作简便,运行成本低,适合工业化生产。     

应用膜技术制备高纯度低聚果糖

研究了低聚果糖纳滤条件(操作压差、料液浓度、温度、循环流量、pH)对渗透通量和各糖组分截留率的影响,其最佳纳滤条件为:操作压差1.1MPa,料液浓度10%,温度40℃,循环流量为6L/min,pH6.0。应用纳滤提纯低聚果糖,其纯度达到85.05%。然而该纳滤膜对蔗糖具有较高的截留率,从而限制了低聚果糖纯度的提高空间。为了进一步提高低聚果糖纯度,研究尝试了将膜分离和酶反应耦联的技术,利用其边反应边分离的特性,滤除单糖,转化普通级低聚果糖中的蔗糖,最终获得高纯度低聚果糖,其纯度达到95.79%。     

菊芋为原料生产高果糖浆工艺技术的研究

采用热水浸提法提取菊芋中的菊粉,再以菊粉酶进行水解,获得高果糖浆。通过正交试验优化提取工艺,确定最佳提取条件为料液比为1:20,提取温度90℃,提取时间20min;还考察了酶解过程中,溶液pH、温度、酶添加量、底物浓度对菊粉水解程度的影响,确定最适酶解条件为pH5,温度50℃,菊粉酶添加量(0.39~0.52)U/g菊粉,底物浓度为15%,该条件下,酶解率达到95%。继而,对该水解液进行纯化,最后得到果糖纯度90%以上的高果糖浆。     

基于菊芋低聚果糖的酶解工艺研究

以菊芋菊粉液为原料,采用内切型菊粉酶水解法生产低聚果糖。在单因素的基础上,选取加酶量、温度、时间、p H值为自变量,以转化率为响应值,通过Box-Behnken响应面设计对其酶解工艺参数进行优化。其最优工艺为:加酶量2.5 U/g,酶解时间6.0 h,酶解温度60℃,酶解p H值为6.0的条件下,低聚果糖的转化率可达到96.27%,与预测值之间的相对误差为1.91%。     

低聚糖的纳滤分离技术

确定了低聚异麦芽糖和低聚果糖纳滤分离高纯化工艺.首先根据纳滤膜截留相对分子质量和截留率选择适用的纳滤膜,然后进行纳滤分离工艺和操作条件的探索,随着纯化倍数递增,单糖或二糖逐渐被去除,产品纯度、低聚糖收得率和产品出率发生规律性变化.应用纳滤分离技术使低聚异麦芽糖纯度IMO≥90%,低聚果糖纯度FOS≥95%.     

低聚木糖的超滤纯化生产工艺优化

以纯化分离秸秆酶解液中低聚木糖为目的,以蛋白、木质素去除率和低聚木糖的透过率为评价指标,采用工业化超滤膜分离装置,考察料液浓度、操作压力、温度、pH值对超滤除杂的影响。单因素实验确定初步的工艺条件后,Box-Behnken模型优化得最佳超滤纯化工艺条件为:料液浓度2.24°Bx,操作压力0.18 MPa,温度25℃,pH 7.0。在此条件下,低聚木糖的透过率为92.1%,蛋白去除率67.9%,木质素去除率67.8%,透过液澄清透亮。响应面法分析各因素对超滤提纯效果的影响,其强弱性依次为:料液浓度、pH值、操作压力、操作温度。     

Aspergillus ficuum 内切菊粉酶的酶解条件优化及酶解动力学研究

采用Aspergillus ficuum 内切型菊粉酶Endo-Ⅰ 酶解商品菊粉制备低聚果糖,经正交试验确定其最适酶解条件为：pH5.0、温度45℃、底物浓度50g/L、加酶量10U/g,在此酶解条件下,低聚果糖得率可达70.37%,酶解产物以DP3 和DP4 为主,同时含有一定量的DP2、DP5、DP6、DP7、DP8;在此条件下酶解自制菊芋干粉时,低聚果糖得率为41.72%,酶解产物以DP3～DP6 的低聚果糖为主,DP2 含量很少,同时酶解液中还含有大量的果糖;在此条件下酶解自制菊芋提取液时,低聚果糖得率高达79.80%,酶解产物中除DP6 含量较低外,其他各聚合度的低聚糖分布比较平均。在此相同酶解条件下酶解72h 时,3 种底物中,以菊芋提取液酶解后的低聚果糖得率最高。因此,应用Aspergillus ficuum 内切型菊粉酶Endo-Ⅰ酶解菊芋制备低聚果糖宜选择菊芋提取液作底物。     

Aspergillus ficuum菊粉酶的分离纯化及其酶解菊粉制备低聚果糖

采用硫酸铵分级沉淀、透析脱盐、DEAE-Cellulose离子交换色谱等分离纯化技术，从Aspergillus ficuum菌株混合酶系中分离得到4种菊粉酶组分，应用薄层层析法分离各组分水解菊粉的产物，发现其中3种组分主要含外切菊粉酶，一种主要含有内切菊粉酶。进一步对所得到的内切菊粉酶组分酶解菊粉制备低聚果糖进行了研究，研究了底物浓度、加酶量、反应温度和反应pH对低聚果糖制备的影响，确定其最适反应条件为：底物浓度50g／L、加酶量10U／g底物，反应温度45℃，反应PH6．0。在此条件下反应72h，菊粉酶解率达74％，低聚果糖得率可达50％以上，酶解产物以DP2～DP4为主。     

菊芋酶解制备低聚果糖糖浆的工艺优化及功能评价

菊芋块茎富含菊糖,是制备低聚果糖（Fructooligosaccharides,FOS）的主要原料之一,新鲜菊芋块茎直接酶法加工用于功能性糖浆的制备可以丰富菊芋综合加工的应用。本研究以新鲜菊芋块茎为原料,通过系统研究菊芋内源酶、菊粉内切酶、葡聚糖内切酶、木聚糖酶、聚半乳糖醛酸酶和单宁酶在鲜菊芋酶法加工制备低聚果糖糖浆中的作用规律和酶解效果,建立并优化了酶法制备低聚果糖糖浆的工艺。结果表明,最优酶解工艺如下：菊芋浆在50℃和pH5.0条件下,加入0.08 U/g单宁酶酶解4 h,再加入0.08 U/g葡聚糖内切酶、0.08 U/g木聚糖酶、0.07 U/g聚半乳糖醛酸酶和12 U/g菊糖内切酶组合酶解8 h,酶解液浓缩2倍后获得低聚果糖糖浆成品。成品中低聚果糖和单宁的含量分别为53.72和3.11 g/L,DPPH自由基清除率、羟基自由基清除率和总抗氧化能力分别为82.23%、30.47%和2.78μmol/mL。以制备的低聚果糖糖浆为唯一碳源替代MRS培养基中的葡萄糖,植物乳杆菌、嗜热链球菌和副干酪乳杆菌的生长速率较未经酶解的菊芋原浆作为MRS培养基的唯一碳源时,分别提高了33.33%...     

酶解结合超声波辅助技术提取纯化菊米总黄酮

采用纤维素酶酶解结合超声波辅助提取,通过大孔树脂分离、纯化菊米中的黄酮类化合物,并通过单因素试验和正交试验进行工艺优化。结果表明：纤维素酶最佳酶解条件为料液比1:10(g/mL)、酶用量1.5%、酶解温度40℃、pH6.0、酶解时间6h;超声波辅助最佳提取条件为乙醇体积分数70%、提取时间0.5h。以自然流速过大孔树脂D-101 柱,经水洗除杂、60% 乙醇溶液洗脱,获得菊米提取物得率达7%,黄酮类物质含量50% 以上。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press