首页 | 本学科首页   官方微博 | 高级检索  
相似文献
 共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
目的:了解2018—2021年江都区市售食品的微生物污染情况,为食品安全风险评估提供依据。方法:按照《江苏省食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作书册》要求,采集超市、零售店、农贸市场、网店等场所104份样品,并检测相关微生物指标。结果:2018—2021年共检测104份样品,微生物总体检出率为38.46%(40/104);卫生学指示菌总体检出率为52.94%(36/68),其中豆浆果茶类检出率为81.82%(9/11),谷物冲调类检出率为75%(18/24);食源性致病菌总体检出率为9.62%(10/104),其中水产螺类的副溶血性弧菌检出率为50%(4/8),谷物冲调类的蜡样芽孢杆菌和克罗诺杆菌属检出率分别为20.83%(5/24)、10%(3/24),有1份水产螺类同时检出副溶血性弧菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌,2份谷物冲调类同时检出蜡样芽胞杆菌和克罗诺杆菌属。结论:江都区市售食品存在不同程度的微生物污染风险,水产螺类、豆浆果茶类、谷物冲调类等需要重点监测。  相似文献   

2.
目的了解南京市某食品厂酱卤熟肉制品加工过程中微生物污染状况及分布情况。方法 2016—2017年在南京市某食品厂采集生产加工过程中食品样品120份(原辅料60份、中间产品28份、成品24份、终产品8份)、环境样品204份、空气样品58份和生产用水14份,共396份,按照GB 4789食品微生物学检验系列标准和GB/T 16294—2010《医药工业洁净室(区)沉降菌的测试方法》对卫生指示菌和主要食源性致病菌进行检测,并对沙门菌进行血清型鉴定。结果在食品样品和环境样品中,李斯特菌检出率为7.4%(24/324),金黄色葡萄球菌检出率为2.6%(5/196),沙门菌检出率为1.9%(6/324);其中李斯特菌有2株单核细胞增生李斯特菌,其他以格氏李斯特菌和伊氏李斯特菌为主;沙门菌经血清学分型共4种血清型,分别为肠炎沙门菌(2株)、鼠伤寒沙门菌(2株)、依桑吉沙门菌(1株)和亚利桑那沙门菌(1株)。在原辅料、中间产品以及人员、仪器设备、清洁工具中均有致病菌检出,但成品和终产品中未检出致病菌。结论酱卤熟肉制品生产过程原辅料和环境中均存在多种致病菌污染。  相似文献   

3.
目的 通过连续监测,深入了解广州市越秀区学生餐的微生物污染状况,为食品安全监管工作提供科学依据。方法 2017—2023年连续在越秀区采集学生餐共296份,按照食品安全国家标准开展菌落总数、大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、副溶血性弧菌、沙门菌、蜡样芽胞杆菌和单核细胞增生李斯特菌的检测,按照DB 44/006—2016《广东省食品安全地方标准 非预包装即食食品微生物限量》对监测样品的检验结果进行评价。结果 学生餐样品的总体不合格率为26.35%(78/296),7年的不合格率分别为57.50%、45.24%、43.86%、16.67%、5.00%、6.38%和2.50%,总体呈现逐年下降趋势(χ2=68.947,P<0.01)。不合格项目均为卫生指示菌,其中以菌落总数为主,食源性致病菌项目均合格。Spearman秩相关分析显示,样品中心温度与菌落总数呈负相关(r=-0.224,P<0.01),但与大肠埃希菌无显著相关性(r=-0.145,P>0.05)。结论 广州市越秀区学生餐微生物污染状况总体趋势向好,各部门应进一步加强学生餐食品的监测和监管,以巩固前期成果,防止校园食源性疾病的发生。  相似文献   

4.
目的 了解近5年温州市幼儿园及中小学食堂自制的学生餐微生物污染状况,为进一步保障学生餐安全提供依据。方法 对2016—2020年温州市各县(市、区)采集的学生餐样品中的卫生指标菌(菌落总数及大肠埃希菌)和常见食源性致病菌(金黄色葡萄球菌、蜡样芽孢杆菌、沙门菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌)进行检测,并用SPSS 18.0对测定结果进行统计学分析。结果2016年学生餐微生物污染状况较为严重,样品不合格率达23.58%,此后4年学生餐样品不合格率依次为6.27%、6.80%、9.06%、3.82%,5年来温州市学生餐样品不合格率总体呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=60.852,P<0.001)。主要表现为卫生指标菌中的大肠埃希菌污染严重,5年来不合格率依次为9.43%、5.64%、6.47%、6.41%、1.91%,呈逐年下降趋势(χ2=5.225,P=0.022);除2016年金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门菌的检出率(7.35%和9.91%)较高外,其余各年食源性致病菌的不合格率均处于较低水平。从学校类型来看,2016—2020年温州市幼儿园、小学和中学学生餐样品不...  相似文献   

5.
食品加工过程中致病菌控制的关键科学问题   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
致病性细菌是导致食源性疾病暴发的罪魁祸首,也是我国建立食品质量安全控制体系必须面对的重要危害.在食品加工过程中,食源性致病菌由于能够形成菌膜,进行亚致死损伤修复,调节抗性基因的表达等,从而对加工过程中的高温、高压、冷冻、脱水、光照、真空以及氧化等环境胁迫产生耐受性.此外,致病菌也能够分泌各种胞外毒力因子等,给食品安全带来极大的威胁.本文针对近年来食品加工过程中致病菌安全控制关键科学问题的研究进展进行阐述,并对未来的发展方向作展望.  相似文献   

6.
微生物蛋白基火腿肠主要以微生物蛋白、谷朊粉、TG酶、卡拉胶等为原料。本文综合运用感官评价法和色度测定的方式,对微生物蛋白基火腿肠的工艺进行优化。结果表明,当微生物蛋白添加量为50 g、谷朊粉添加量为10 g、TG酶的添加量为0.10 g以及卡拉胶添加量为0.12 g时,制得的微生物蛋白基火腿肠外观色度和感官评价最优。  相似文献   

7.
詹传保  彭庆 《肉类研究》2007,(10):30-32
本文主要探讨以椰果为主要辅助原料来开发一种新型的功能性火腿肠。通过一系列试验来确定椰果的添加量和椰果颗粒的大小对产品品质的影响,最后确定在火腿肠中选用0.3mm果型,添加量为10%时效果最好。  相似文献   

8.
《粮食与油脂》2017,(12):78-80
收集上海周边市售20种火腿肠产品,提取油脂,分析样品中油脂的熔点(SMP)、碘价(IV)和脂肪酸组成(FAC)等特性,并与猪油、鸡油和鸭油等动物油脂的特性进行对比,分析市场上火腿肠中脂肪含量、油脂的种类、特性及反式脂肪酸(TFAs)含量水平。结果表明:市售火腿肠中的油脂主要是猪油与鸡油的混合油脂,且调查的火腿肠样品中的反式脂肪酸含量都维持在一个较低水平。  相似文献   

9.
鹅肉火腿肠加工技术研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
用鹅肉替代配方中全部或部分猪肉生产鹅肉火腿肠,与对照相比:出品率提高4.6%,赖氨酸水平提高53.57%,必需氨基酸数量提高22.02%;制品的嫩度好、应力变形大、回弹率高。感观评定结果与对照无显著差异。本产品开发对配合我省“鹅鸭工程”建设和鹅胴体深加工具有重要意义。  相似文献   

10.
采用酸水解法测定火腿肠中淀粉的含量,结果表明,所测样品中淀粉的含量为8.4g/100g,该方法简单、准确度高,适用于火腿肠中淀粉含量的测定。  相似文献   

11.
目的 了解新疆食品中单增李斯特菌的污染状况,为食源性疾病的监测提供科学依据。方法 按照GB 4789.30和,监测分析了2013-2019年的3329份样品。结果 共检出59份单增李斯特菌阳性样品,检出率为1.78%;共分离得到63株单增李斯特菌,分为4个血清型(1/2a、1/2b、1/2c和4b),优势血清型为1/2a,占57.14%(36株)。食品中存在不同血清型混合污染,尤其在即食食品中监测到4b型。结论 新疆食品中存在单增李斯特菌的污染,卫生监督部门尤其要加强肉制品和即食食品的监管力度   相似文献   

12.
目的 了解2011—2019年吉林省食品中蜡样芽胞杆菌污染情况,为食品安全监管及食源性疾病防治提供理论依据.方法 采集2011—2019年吉林省九个地(市)级的餐饮服务环节和流通环节中的样品3173份,参照GB 4789.14—2014《食品安全国家标准食品微生物学检验蜡样芽胞杆菌检验》中的方法,对食品中的蜡样芽胞杆菌...  相似文献   

13.
    
Hepatitis A infection, caused by hepatitis A virus (HAV), is the leading cause of human viral hepatitis throughout the world and is mainly propagated via the fecal–oral route. Transnational outbreaks of food‐borne infections are reported with increasing frequency as a consequence of international food trade. Food‐borne outbreaks caused by HAV are mainly associated with bivalve molluscs, produce (soft fruits and leafy greens), and ready‐to‐eat meals. The purpose of this paper was to conduct a structured and systematic review of the published literature on the current state of knowledge regarding the stability of HAV in foods as well as the efficacy of food processing strategies and to identify and prioritize research gaps regarding practical and effective mechanisms to reduce HAV contamination of foods. In particular, processing and disinfection strategies for the 3 food categories have been compiled in this review, including common and emerging food technologies. Overall, most of these processes can improve food safety; however, from a commercial point of view, none of the methods can guarantee total HAV inactivation without affecting the organoleptic qualities of the food product.  相似文献   

14.
目的 调查肉鸡屠宰场加工环节中沙门菌的污染状况。方法 采集肉鸡屠宰场的入厂活鸡肛拭子样本,宰杀褪毛后整禽样本、预冷后整禽样本、预冷池水、分割刀具和案板、冷冻鸡肉样本以及工人手涂抹样本,按《食源性致病菌监测工作手册》方法检测沙门菌。结果 2011—2012年共检测样品896份,检出沙门菌293株,检出率为32.7%;鸡胴体的检出率高于鸡活体。2011年沙门菌优势血清型为印第安纳沙门菌、鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌,2012年优势血清型为印第安纳沙门菌、肠炎沙门菌。宰杀后样品中印第安纳沙门菌的构成比有所下降,而鼠伤寒、肠炎等其他优势血清型的构成比相对增加。结论 沙门菌广泛存在于屠宰场各环节样品中,宰杀环节易导致沙门菌的交叉污染。  相似文献   

15.
目的 分析2013—2016年泉州市食源性疾病监测哨点医院感染性腹泻病例中沙门菌的血清型及细菌耐药性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法 对送检的腹泻患者标本进行沙门菌增菌培养和分离鉴定,采用传统玻片凝集法和液相悬浮芯片技术(xMAP)法进行血清学分型,微量肉汤稀释法进行药敏试验,用Excel软件处理数据。结果 460份标本中有73份检出沙门菌,共分离到沙门菌73株(15.87%),检出11个血清型,主要血清型为圣保罗沙门菌(42.47%,31/73)、阿雷查瓦莱塔沙门菌(16.44%,12/73)和布利丹沙门菌(12.33%,9/73)。玻片凝集法检出61株(83.56%,61/73)完整血清型,12株不确定血清型,液相悬浮芯片技术法确定了71株(97.26%,71/73)完整血清型,仅2株未确定。药敏试验显示沙门菌对头孢唑林、头孢替坦和妥布霉素3种抗生素的耐药率高达100.00%(73/73),其次为阿米卡星(95.89%,70/73)和庆大霉素(84.93%,62/73),对厄他培南、环丙沙星、左氧氟沙星、呋喃妥英这4种抗生素不具有耐药性。结论 泉州市感染性腹泻病例中沙门菌已对多种抗生素产生较高的耐药性,临床上应及时了解沙门菌的血清型分布及其耐药情况,合理选择抗菌药物。  相似文献   

16.
    
Most foodborne pathogens have biofilm-forming capacity and prefer to grow in the form of biofilms. Presence of biofilms on food contact surfaces can lead to persistence of pathogens and the recurrent cross-contamination of food products, resulting in serious problems associated with food safety and economic losses. Resistance of biofilm cells to conventional sanitizers urges the development of natural alternatives to effectively inhibit biofilm formation and eradicate preformed biofilms. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) produce bacteriocins which are ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides, providing a great source of nature antimicrobials with the advantages of green and safe properties. Studies on biofilm control by newly identified bacteriocins are increasing, targeting primarily onListeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella, and Escherichia coli. This review systematically complies and assesses the antibiofilm property of LAB bacteriocins in controlling foodborne bacterial-biofilms on food contact surfaces. The bacteriocin-producing LAB genera/species, test method (inhibition and eradication), activity spectrum and surfaces are discussed, and the antibiofilm mechanisms are also argued. The findings indicate that bacteriocins can effectively inhibit biofilm formation in a dose-dependent manner, but are difficult to disrupt preformed biofilms. Synergistic combination with other antimicrobials, incorporation in nanoconjugates and implementation of bioengineering can help to strengthen their antibiofilm activity. This review provides an overview of the potential and application of LAB bacteriocins in combating bacterial biofilms in food processing environments, assisting in the development and widespread use of bacteriocin as a promising antibiofilm-agent in food industries.  相似文献   

17.
目的 分析上海市闵行地区副溶血性弧菌临床和食源性分离株的分子流行病学特征,了解本地区副溶血性弧菌的流行规律.方法 对2007-2010年临床来源菌株(食物中毒患者和散发腹泻病例)以及食源性样品中分离的184株副溶血性弧菌进行血清分型、耐热直接溶血素基因(tdh)和耐热相关溶血素基因(trh)检测.对102株临床来源O3:K6型菌株及41株食源性样品来源株,应用脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)进行分子分型和溯源分析.结果 在调查的52起副溶血性弧菌引起的食物中毒事件中,tdh阳性、trh阴性的O3:K6血清型引起的有46起(88.5%),tdh阳性、trh阴性的O4:K8血清型引起的有5起(9.6%).在散发腹泻病例中,tdh阳性、trh阴性的O3:K6、O4:K8和O3:KUT菌株分别占60.3%(38/63)、19.0%(12/63)和15.9%(10/63).41株食源性样品株分属9种O血清群,未见O3:K6和O4:K8血清型菌株,而且tdh和trh均为阴性.PFGE聚类分析显示闵行地区食物中毒O3:K6分离株中存在着遗传关系密切相关的优势流行克隆,散发腹泻患者O3:K6分离株中存在着与食物中毒优势株相同谱型,而所有食源性样品分离株与临床患者来源株亲缘关系都较远.结论 临床和食源性样品来源的副溶血性弧菌在血清分型、毒力基因和分子特征等方面存在显著差异,一大群遗传关系密切、tdh阳性、trh阴性的O3:K6血清型菌株在闵行地区呈优势流行.  相似文献   

18.
    
Abstract: The effect of Lactobacillus plantarum (FI8595), Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris MG 1363), Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis (IL 1403), and Streptococcus thermophilus on cadaverine and other biogenic amine production by foodborne pathogens was investigated lysine decarboxylase broth. Both of lactic acid bacteria and foodborne pathogens used (especially Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli, Lc. lactis subsp. lactis and Lb. plantarum) had an ability to convert aminoacids into biogenic amine. The conversion of lysine into cadaverine was the highest (167.11 mg/L) by Lactobacillus spp. Gram‐positive bacteria generally had a greater ability to produce cadaverine with corresponding value of 46.26, 53.76, and 154.54 mg/L for Enterococcus faecalis, S. aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes, respectively. Significant variations on biogenic amine production were observed in the presence of lactic acid bacteria strains (P < 0.05). The role of lactic acid bacteria on biogenic amine production by foodborne pathogens varied depending on strains and specific amine. Cadaverine accumulation by Enterobactericeae was increased in the presence of lactic acid bacteria strains except for St. thermophilus, which induced 2‐fold lower cadaverine production by S. Paratyphi A. Lc. lactis subsp. lactis and Lc. lactis subsp. cremoris induced 10‐fold higher increases in histamine for E. coli and K. pneumoniae, respectively. Lactic acid bacteria resulted in strong increases in cadaverine production by P. aeruginosa, although remarkable decreases were observed for histamine, spermidine, dopamine, agmatine, and TMA in the presence of lactic acid bacteria in lysine decarboxylase broth . The result of the study showed that amine positive lactic acid bacteria strains in fermented food led to significant amine accumulation by contaminant bacteria and their accumulation in food product may be controlled by the use of proper starters with amine‐negative activity. Practical Application: Foodborne pathogens and certain lactic acid bacteria are particularly active in the production of biogenic amines. Most of the strains of bacteria possess more than 1 amino acid decarboxylase activity under lysine enrichment culture conditions. Lactic acid bacteria strains had a significant role on increase putrescine accumulation by foodborne pathogens. The increased production of biogenic amines in mixed culture is the result of presence of amine positive lactic acid bacteria strains. The addition of a proper selected starter culture with amine‐negative activity is advisable to produce safer fermented food with low contents of biogenic amines.  相似文献   

19.
The effects of diluting concentrated pesticide products with water containing Escherichia coli O157:H7 (human, bovine and ground meat strains), Salmonella typhimurium, Salmonella enteritidis, Shigella sonnei, Shigella flexneri and Listeria monocytogenes were investigated. Individual cultures were inoculated at about 102 colony‐forming units (cfu) ml?1 into the following commercial pesticide products—Roundup, Poast & Merge, Gramoxone, Afolan, 2,4‐D amine, Dithane M45, Benlate, Bravo 500, Ridomil 240EC, Thiram 75WP, Sevin XLR+, Lorsban 4E, Diazinon 500, Ambush 500EC and Lagon 480E—following dilution with sterile tap water to recommended spray application concentrations (pesticide solution). Following incubation at 22 °C for 1 h, survivor levels for all three E coli O157:H7 strains in pesticide solutions of Roundup, Poast & Merge, Gramoxone, Dithane M45, Ridomil 240EC and Lagon 480E were lower (P ≤ 0.05) compared to their survival in water. In several pesticide solutions (Afolan, Bravo 500, Lorsban 4E and Ambush 500EC), survivor levels were no different (P≥0.05) from the control after 1 h; however, by 24 h, population levels of all strains in these four pesticide solutions were higher (P ≤ 0.05) than those observed at 1 h. Overall, similar survivor or growth patterns were observed with the remaining bacteria, with the exception of S flexneri. For this bacterium, survival or growth was poor, especially in Bravo 500, which consistently supported substantial growth of the other micro‐organisms. Time course growth studies over 96 h at 22 °C were conducted with Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria and E coli O157:H7 in solutions of Afolan, Bravo 500, Lorsban 4E and Ambush 500EC. Overall, a 100 to 1060‐fold increase in population was usually obtained in these pesticide solutions by 96 h. Changes in either the initial inoculum level of E coli O157:H7 from about 102 to 104 cfu ml?1 or temperature (from 20–22 to 31 °C) and concentration (from 0.5 to 1.5 times the recommended spray concentration) were shown to affect its growth in the pesticide solutions. The findings of this study indicate that some pesticide products, when diluted using contaminated water, may have the potential to promote growth of pathogens which could increase the risk of more widespread contamination of standing crops, including fruits. © 2001 Society of Chemical Industry  相似文献   

设为首页 | 免责声明 | 关于勤云 | 加入收藏

Copyright©北京勤云科技发展有限公司  京ICP备09084417号