南京市道路与交通流现状、问题及对策

本文介绍了南京市道路与交通流的特征,并从道路网等级结构、道路功能、交叉口通行能 力、道路交通供需等七个方面剖析了其存在的问题,同时针对这些问题提出具体解决对策。     

New roads, new rail lines, new profits: Privatisation and Sydney's recent transport development

Since the late 1980s, fiscal pressures have led the State government to encourage private sector financing, construction and operation of new expressways and rail lines in Sydney. The resulting deals have given excess returns to the private sector. They have also resulted in private sector-led priorities which have reduced total network efficiency. In addition, private sector provision has been biased toward highway, not rail, provision which has worsened negative externality and equity impacts of the overall transport system.     

融于自然、展现风景——美国国家公园道路系统建设历程与经验启示

在中国国家公园体制试点工作不断推进的当下,探讨国家公园内基础设施的建设显得敏感而有必要。在梳理美国国家公园道路系统发展建设历程的基础上,总结提炼出其在前期论证、建设理念以及多部门合作等方面的经验。同时就如何统筹交通游赏需求与资源保护之间的关系也做了有益的探讨,对中国未来国家公园的发展建设乃至自然资源的保护和利用都具有较为重要的参考和借鉴意义。     

构建开放型宜居新社区—武汉常青花园十一小区规划设计

该文简述了当前我国居住区开发项目中普遍存在的问题,同时结合武汉常青花园十一小区规划设计,介绍了设计师针对以上问题所作出的实践性探索。     

打开边界 走向自然——哈哈沟 (Ha-ha)在园林中的形成、发展及应用研究

哈哈沟是出现于英国风景园时期的一种边界处理方式,对英国自然风景园的发展起到了重要作用。在阐述哈哈沟的起源及其争议性的基础上,结合实例对哈哈沟在英国风景园不同时期的发展与演变做出梳理。哈哈沟的使用对风景园的规划范围和风景园林设计视野起到了拓展作用,哈哈沟也得到了广泛传播和发展。最后通过哈哈沟从出现至今在不同国家不同园林类型的实践应用,分析其影响和意义,以期达到对哈哈沟更加宏观和全面的理解认知。     

Dealing with interrelatedness and fragmentation in road infrastructure planning: an analysis of integrated approaches throughout the planning process in the Netherlands

Planning approaches that integrate road infrastructure and other land uses are being increasingly applied. Dealing with functional interrelatedness and stakeholder fragmentation are the main reasons for this. This article conceptualizes and analyses why and how such integrated approaches can be applied effectively throughout consecutive stages of infrastructure planning. The two case studies illustrate that the concept of integration is applied for strategic as well as operational reasons, and they reveal that these reasons may alternate throughout the planning process. Effective integration is therefore dynamic: it appropriately focuses on strengthening the socio-economic perspectives of a region for the longer term, as well as on the relations between different land uses that are physically adjacent and competing for space within a smaller area. Due to fragmented institutional contexts, successfully dealing with interrelatedness requires an intense level of interaction amongst involved actors. Such “co-production” of visions and plans has two important characteristics: negotiation, and learning about each other’s goals. Ultimately the case studies also show that planning at the infrastructure–land use interface needs institutional mechanisms to guide the alterations between strategically and operationally inspired integration. Contracts with private parties, public participation, and positive conditions for learning about each other’s referential frames are examples of the institutional mechanisms encountered in this study.     

Engaging with Marginalised Groups in Public Open Space Research: The Potential of Collaboration and Combined Methods

This paper discusses methodological dilemmas that were encountered, and strategies used to overcome them, in the Viewfinder project that was undertaken in 2004 in Sheffield, UK. The project investigated refugees’ perceptions and experiences of urban public open space in the UK. Through partnership with a 12-week, accredited photography training course and visits to public open spaces, the research combined visual, experiential, participatory and longitudinal approaches. This paper discusses the success of these in relation to three aims: (1) generating a research situation of open communication; (2) collaborating with non-academic partners; and (3) creating mutual benefit. The research identifies methodological techniques that have potential for engaging marginalised groups in landscape and planning research and in consultation practice.     

可持续海岸规划与设计——澳大利亚悉尼科技大学伊丽莎白·莫索普教授专访

伊丽莎白·莫索普教授从事风景园林工作近25年,参与了多项与海岸生态修复、城市景观基础设施设计相关的项目、研究、教学与实践活动。目前她主要关注海岸和三角洲生态修复、灾后社区重建等领域,致力于将韧性景观的建设理念和方法运用到城市基础设施建设和开放空间设计当中。莫索普教授认为风景园林师应当综合考虑不同文化背景、自然条件进行多功能的公共空间设计,整合社会资源,促进社区文化复兴,增强生态系统的稳定性。此外,面对全球气候变暖、自然灾害、生物多样性减少等危机,风景园林师应该与其他领域的专家学者、普通大众建立广泛的合作,积极应对挑战,共同推动社会变革,实现可持续发展。     

景观、生态、文化并重谈城市迎宾大道绿化规划设计——以登封市少林大道为例

以景观生态学原理为基本理论框架,依托城市的山水形态,"借山引绿",从景观、生态、文化的角度,构建道路整体绿化景观架构,创造整体流动的道路绿色空间景观秩序,构筑登封城市大环境的生态格局和景观环境。同时,将道路绿化作为绿色传媒,利用传统树种、地方植栽,并结合道路休闲功能,塑造道路特定的地域感,体现城市的人文、历史、生活。     

街区“大开放”+住区“中防控”+组团“小隔离”——“平疫”结合模式下的城市住区三级空间防控体系构建与转换

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情的全国性扩散,极大地危害了公众健康与生命安全,国家开始逐步提升与完善对突发公共卫生事件的应急处理能力。城市防灾防疫作为城市规划建设的一个重要因子,需要有意识地超前考虑与安排。文章从居住空间组织乃至空间转换的维度,从城市空间基本单元-住区入手,探索性构建以"大开放"街区、"中防控"住区、"小隔离"组团为核心的城市住区三级空间防控体系,在开放与封闭之间寻求一种动态平衡,在服务职能与防控角色之间快速转换,来应对"平疫"时期的不同需求,充分利用互联网、物联网与大数据等信息化技术,推进智慧平台、物资保障平台的建设,多方位提升应对突发公共卫生事件的能力。     

Untangling decision tree and real options analyses: a public infrastructure case study dealing with political decisions,structural integrity and price uncertainty

Managerial flexibility in infrastructure investment and replacement decisions adds value. Real options analysis (ROA) captures this value under uncertain market prices. The concept of ROA is that future unfavourable payoffs can be deferred as soon as more information about market prices becomes available. The popularity of ROA is seen in a growing number of case studies on real assets. Despite its increasing popularity, ROA has not gained a foothold in public infrastructure decision making. One of the difficulties in the application of ROA is the required estimation of market variables. To avoid this, a simplified but not correct version of ROA is easily applied, referred to as a Decision Tree Approach (DTA) to ROA. Another difficulty is that infrastructure assets are subject to other types of uncertainties, defined here as asset uncertainties. This study investigates the value of managerial flexibility in a public infrastructure replacement decision. The uncertainty drivers are the strength of a bridge, political decisions regarding traffic flow and the price development of construction costs. Three valuation approaches are compared: DTA, ROA and the DT approach to ROA. Although it is complex, ROA certainly adds value in public infrastructure decision making when market price uncertainty is prevalent. However, in the absence of reasonable estimates of market variables, the DT approach to ROA is the best alternative. In the absence of market price uncertainties, ROA should be avoided DTA is to be preferred.     

Ascertaining Landscape Perceptions and Preferences with Pair-wise Photographs: planning rural tourism in Extremadura, Spain

Making use of available resources in the most efficient way is a fundamental principle of all development strategies. Landscapes are an abundant natural resource and form an important basis for the tourism industry. The case of rural Extremadura is considered for its potentially important landscape and growing rural tourist sector. A method of landscape analysis based on pair-wise comparison of photographs is used to ascertain the landscape preferences for rambling of tourists in rural areas. Their preferences are analysed according to personal characteristics and holiday activities. It is concluded that the identification of preferences can be of considerable value in the planning of ramblers' routes for specific social groups.     

热带地区气候环境特征及城市外部空闻设计——以广州珠江新城中央广场规划设计为例

该文概述了国内外热带、亚热带地理气候分区和气候特征，总结了本地区规划设计原则，指出亚热带地区城市外部空间规划设计必须充分考虑本地区气候环境，运用多种技术措施，降低能耗，改善热环境，从而创造舒适、有特色的城市空间。最后通过广州珠江新城中央广场规划设计实例对上述规划设计思想加以说明和验证。     

广场尺度与空间品质——广场面积、高宽比与空间偏好和意象关系的虚拟研究

以环境心理与行为研究为理论指导,通过虚拟现实技术让被试人员在空间尺度不同的虚拟广场上行进、浏览和体验广场的空间,并回答问题的方式,研究人们对不同尺度的广场"纯"空间的偏好和意象,进而指出广场的空间尺度与空间品质和意象的关系,并对经典的广场空间理论进行了讨论.     

基于PVEE方法的城市公共空间更新调查与研究——以武汉汉正街晴川桥引桥空间为例

基于公共虚拟事件评价PVEE（Public virtual events evaluation）研究方法,对武汉汉正街晴川桥桥下空间进行调查、设计与使用预期评价,并根据调查信息和数据的分析整理,得到PVEE评价结论,从而为晴川桥桥下空间的平民更新提供理论依据,也为其他城市公共空间的更新所借鉴。     

快速城市化地区城乡统筹规划所面临的问题和建议--以嘉兴地区为例

以嘉兴为例,分析了快速城市化地区统筹城乡规划所面临的主要问题,剖析了产生这些问题的主要原因,并以此为基础指出．加快建立“规划一张图,城乡全覆盖”的规划法规体系和技术规范体系,建立公平的区域合作成本补偿和利益分配机制,建议编制省、市、县域城乡统筹发展总体规划,以协调区域发展。