超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法同时测定粮食中4种交链孢霉毒素

为同步测定大米、玉米和小麦中4种交链孢霉毒素,本研究建立了相应的超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法。试样中交链孢霉毒素用酸化乙腈水溶液提取,经HLB固相萃取柱净化后,以ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18柱(1.7μm, 2.1 mm×100 mm)为分析柱,以0.55 mmol/L氨水水溶液-乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,以负离子电喷雾模式电离(ESI^-),多反应离子监测(MRM)方式进行定性和定量检测,外标法定量。在本方法条件下,4种交链孢霉毒素在3种基质中线性范围内均呈现良好的线性关系(R²>0.990 0),方法检出限0.4～4.0μg/kg,定量限1.0～10.0μg/kg。在3种加标水平下,4种毒素的回收率范围为62.50%～113.40%,相对标准偏差RSD≤7.89%。采用建立的方法检测了市售大米和小麦中的4种交链孢霉毒素,大米中4种毒素的污染水平为ND～12.18μg/kg,小麦中为ND～163.32μg/kg,本方法可满足实际样品的检测。     

固相萃取-同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法测定橄榄油中4种交链孢霉毒素含量及其分布状况

目的：建立固相萃取-同位素稀释液相色谱-串联质谱法测定橄榄油中4种交链孢霉毒素含量的方法并描述其在橄榄油中的分布状况。方法：将橄榄油混匀后取5 g(精确至0.001 g),经乙腈-磷酸二氢钠溶液混合溶液提取，固相萃取柱净化，收集净化液经水浴氮吹浓缩后，采用超高效液相色谱质谱仪测定，内标法定量。结果：交链孢菌酮酸(tenuazonic acid, TeA)在0～50 ng/mL、交链孢酚(alternariol, AOH)在0～20 ng/mL、腾毒素(tentoxin, TEN)在0～10 ng/mL、交链孢酚单甲醚(alternariol methyl ether, AME)在0～2 ng/mL范围内线性良好(R>0.99)。TeA、AOH、TEN、AME的检出限在0.20～2.00μg/kg范围之间。4种生物毒素加标回收率为92.25%～124.66%,精密度范围3.79%～10.58%,表明本方法样本检测量小、灵敏度高、准确度高、精密度高，重现性好，是检测橄榄油中交链孢霉毒素的理想方法。结论：橄榄油普遍受到交链孢霉毒素污染，检出率93.33%(28/30),AME毒素是橄榄...     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法快速检测麦类中典型链格孢霉毒素

建立一种超高效液相色谱-串联质谱结合分散液-液微萃取前处理方法测定麦类中7 种链格孢霉毒素（链格孢酚、交链格孢酚单甲醚、交链孢烯、细交链格孢菌酮酸、交链孢毒素I、腾毒素、细格菌素）的方法。样品经3 mL一级水、10 mL 1.5%甲酸乙腈-甲醇（4∶1,v/v）溶液提取,2 g无水MgSO4脱水和1 g NaCl盐析,振荡15 min、离心10 min后取1 mL上清液和100 μL三氯甲烷用于分散液-液微萃取。7 种链格孢霉毒素使用BEH C18色谱柱（50 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm）进行分离,采用电喷雾正负离子的多反应离子监测模式。结果表明：7 种链格孢霉毒素在5 min内完成色谱分离分析,在0.5～100 μg/L质量浓度范围内均呈现良好线性关系,R2＞0.987 277,检出限为0.11～0.16 μg/kg,定量限为0.42～0.49 μg/kg;以小麦为样品基质,在3 个不同加标水平下,7 种链格孢霉毒素回收率在70.7%～101.3%之间,相对标准偏差为1.22%～4.11%。将该方法用于分析实际麦类样品（黑麦、荞麦、莜麦、青稞、燕麦、小麦）中7 种链格孢霉毒素的污染状况,结果发现腾毒素和细交链格孢菌酮酸是6 种麦类中都检出的毒素,含量分别为0.6～10.7 μg/kg和未检出～31 μg/kg;细格菌素虽检出率低于腾毒素和细交链格孢菌酮酸,但最高含量37.3 μg/kg与细交链格孢菌酮酸相当。本方法稳定、准确、灵敏、快速,能够满足麦类样品中7 种链格孢霉毒素残留分析的需求。     

固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法检测番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素

目的建立固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法检测番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的分析方法。方法番茄酱样品经提取液提取,固相萃取柱净化后,采用液相色谱-串联质谱测定交链孢霉毒素,外标法定量。结果番茄酱样品中交链孢霉毒素添加浓度在2.0～200.0μg/kg时,回收率在66.5%～113.5%之间。检测低限为2.0～50.0μg/kg,相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)在2.5%～9.8%。结论该方法简单快速、灵敏度高、定量准确,适合用于番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的检测。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定麦芯粉中四种交链孢毒素

探讨固相萃取方法,超高效液相色谱串联质谱仪(UPLC-MS/MS)测定麦芯粉中4种交链孢毒素。样品经0.05 mol/L Na H2PO4(pH 3.0)-乙腈-甲醇超声提取(450+450+100,V/V),上清液过HLB固相萃取柱净化,以1.0 mmol/L氨水溶液(pH 8.3)-甲醇为流动相,经Waters CORTECS C18(4.6×100 mm,2.7μm)柱分离梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾负离子(ESI-)、多反应监测(MRM)模式检测;以基质加标工作曲线定量。细交链孢菌酮酸(TeA)、交链孢酚(AOH)在2.0μg/L~100μg/L浓度范围内,腾毒素(TEN)、交链孢酚单甲醚(AME)在0.2μg/L~10.0μg/L浓度范围内线性关系良好,相关系数(R2)均大于0.998。回收率为76.3%~107.5%,TeA、AOH检出限和定量限分别为1.0μg/kg和3.0μg/kg、TEN、AME检出限和定量限分别为0.1μg/kg和0.3μg/kg。该方法灵敏度高,简便,准确。适于测定麦芯粉中的交链孢毒素。     

番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素的液相色谱-串联质谱检测方法

目的 研究利用固相萃取-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素。方法 番茄酱样品经提取液提取,固相萃取柱净化后,采用液相色谱-串联质谱进行测定,外标法定量。 结果 番茄酱样品中交链孢霉毒素添加浓度在2.0μg/kg~200μg/kg 时,回收率在66.5%~113.5%之间。结论 该方法简单快速,灵敏度高,定量准确,是实现番茄酱中6种交链孢霉毒素快速定量检测的可靠方法。     

QuEChERS-UPLC-MS/MS测定焙烤食品中4种链格孢菌毒素

建立了超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定焙烤食品中4种链格孢菌毒素(腾毒素、链格孢菌酚、交链胞酚单甲醚、细交链胞菌酮酸)快速检测方法。样品经乙腈-0.1 mol/L盐酸溶液超声萃取,萃取液经QuEChERS净化处理,在RP18色谱柱(2.1 mm×100mm,1.7μm)上以乙腈和1 mmol/L碳酸氢铵为流动相梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源、正负离子多反应监测模式检测,外标法定量。结果表明,4种待测物在相应的浓度范围内线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999;方法定量限(S/N≥10)为0.03～0.3μg/kg;进行3个水平的添加回收实验,平均回收率(n=6)为83.2%～105.3%;相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.2%～6.4%。应用本方法检测45个焙烤食品样品,4种真菌毒素均有检出。其中24份样品检出AME,含量为0.1～4.6μg/kg;6份样品检出AOH,含量为0.47～1.5μg/kg;27份样品检出Te A,含量为0.6～3.7μg/kg;9份样品检出TEN,含量为0.3～2.1μg/kg。     

超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用植物油中典型链格孢霉毒素

建立超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定食用植物油中典型链格孢霉毒素残留。正交试验确定最优提取条件为4 mL甲醇-乙腈溶液（1∶1,V/V）涡旋萃取10 s。选取Waters BEH C18(100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7μm)色谱柱,乙腈和1 mmol/L碳酸铵溶液为流动相,梯度洗脱,采用电喷雾离子源负离子多反应监测模式测定。细交链格孢菌酮酸在0.02～0.2 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,链格孢酚、交链孢烯、腾毒素、交链格孢酚单甲醚4种毒素在0.002～0.2 mg/L质量浓度范围内线性关系良好,R2≥0.998。验证了5种毒素在葵花籽油和大豆油基质下方法准确性和精密度,在0.002～0.2 mg/kg添加量下,5种毒素的平均回收率为98%～118%,相对标准偏差为2.9%～17.4%,定量限为0.002～0.02 mg/kg。该方法能够满足食用植物油中典型链格孢霉毒素分析要求。     

加压毛细管电色谱-固相萃取测定链格孢霉毒素

以霉变柑橘为材料,建立同时检测链格孢酚甲基乙醚(AME)、链格孢酚(AOH)和链格孢毒素(ALT)3种链格孢霉菌毒素的固相萃取-加压毛细管电色谱(SPE-p CEC)快速检测、通过乙腈提取,无水Mg SO4和Na Cl脱水盐析,C_(18)SPE萃取净化,以C_(18)毛细管色谱柱为分离柱,以含0.1%甲酸的乙腈为流动相进行梯度洗脱,利用荧光检测器进行检测。该方法在2μg/L~200μg/L范围内线性关系良好,相关系数r2≥0.991 5,检出限为0.1μg/kg~0.9μg/kg。结果表明,该方法快速、准确、灵敏,适用于食品、水果中常见的3中链格孢霉毒素的快速分析及检测。     

2016—2017年河南省小麦粉中4种交链孢毒素污染情况调查

目的 了解2016—2017年河南省市售小麦粉中4种交链孢毒素的污染情况。方法 采集2016—2017年河南省粮食主产区中9个地市的182份小麦粉样品,按照《国家食品污染和有害因素风险监测工作手册》方法进行检测,对检测数据采用卡方检验和相关性分析进行统计学分析。结果 9个地区的182份小麦粉样品中均检出4种交链孢毒素,其中交链孢酚(AOH)检出范围为0.50～14.21 μg/kg,检出率为10.4%(19/182);交链孢酚单甲醚(AME)检出范围为0.05～38.73 μg/kg,检出率为42.9%(78/182);交链孢菌酮酸(TeA)检出范围为0.50～134.23 μg/kg,检出率为91.2%(166/182);腾毒素(TEN)检出范围为0.05～17.42 μg/kg,检出率为45.6%(83/182)。结论 河南省省内流通环节(农贸市场和商店)小麦粉中均存在交链孢毒素的污染,但污染水平与文献报道相比,处于较低水平。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the