采后荔枝果实安全保鲜技术研究进展

荔枝果实在采后贮藏和运输中极易发生病原菌侵染、褐变及腐败而导致品质劣变。目前常用的物理保鲜方法成本高,而人工合成化学杀菌剂处理可能会有一定残留且病原菌容易产生抗药性,故使用无毒害、可生物降解、对环境无污染的新型安全保鲜技术是目前的研究热点。对国内外壳寡糖涂膜保鲜技术、植物提取物保鲜技术和生物拮抗菌保鲜技术等安全保鲜技术在采后荔枝果实保鲜应用的研究进展进行了综述,旨在为维持采后荔枝果实品质,延长荔枝果实贮藏期提供技术参考。     

双孢菇采后感官品质变化的因素分析与保鲜技术研究进展

感官品质是判断双孢菇商品价值的首要因素。本文综合分析了双孢菇采后贮藏中4 种典型感官品质变化(失水、褐变、开伞及质地变化)的原因及其影响因素,总结了双孢菇现有的保鲜技术,并提出了当前保鲜技术存在的问题与解决方向。     

龙眼果实品质劣变和贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

龙眼是中国南方重要的亚热带特色水果,其果实成熟于高温季节,采后极易发生果皮褐变、果肉自溶及病原菌侵染所致果实腐烂等品质劣变,是限制龙眼果实采后保鲜期的主要因素。本文就龙眼果实采后品质劣变(果皮褐变、果肉自溶、病原菌侵染导致果实变质腐烂),热处理、紫外线-强效应波长(UV-B)辐照处理、二氧化氯处理、壳聚糖处理、低温贮藏、气调冷藏、微生物生物保鲜等龙眼果实采后处理及保鲜技术的国内外研究进展进行综述,旨在为延缓采后龙眼果实品质劣变、延长龙眼果实保鲜期提供技术参考。     

金针菇采后品质劣变与保鲜研究进展

新鲜金针菇（Flammulina filiformis）含水量高,采后呼吸代谢旺盛,贮藏期间极易发生开伞、褐变、萎蔫等劣变现象,严重影响金针菇采后销售。为此,本文概述了金针菇采后失水、形态劣变、褐变、营养风味损失、微生物侵染的主要表现及产生原因,综述了近年来金针菇保鲜技术的研究进展,包括低温保鲜、臭氧保鲜、1-甲基环丙烯保鲜、气调保鲜、生物保鲜剂保鲜及复合保鲜技术,以期为开发食用菌新型绿色安全保鲜技术提供参考。     

龙眼采后果皮褐变因素及防褐保鲜技术研究进展

果皮褐变是影响龙眼采后贮藏寿命的最主要因素。本文综述了国内外影响龙眼果实采后果皮褐变的因素及常温贮藏、低温贮藏、气调贮藏、热处理、辐照等防褐保鲜技术的研究进展。     

鲜食石榴贮藏保鲜技术研究进展

我国是石榴产量世界第一的国家, 但是石榴在采后易出现果皮褐变、失水皱缩、籽粒色变、异味、腐烂等问题, 影响鲜果货架期品质, 因此贮藏保鲜是影响石榴产业发展的重要环节。本文对影响鲜食石榴贮藏保鲜效果的因素进行了总结, 并对贮藏保鲜的传统方法、改进方法、新方法和复合方法以及籽粒的最小化处理的相关研究分别进行了综述, 以期为鲜食石榴的贮藏保鲜提供理论参考。     

桃果实冷害发生机理及御冷措施研究进展

桃果实因其呼吸跃变的特点,采后在室温下会出现呼吸高峰与乙烯释放高峰,极易腐烂,不耐贮藏。冷藏是延长桃果实贮藏期的最有效方法之一,但由于桃果实的冷敏性,长期的不适低温易使桃产生冷害,引起果肉革质化、组织絮败、褐变、固有风味损失等品质劣变问题,成为桃产业健康发展的重要影响因素。本文综述了目前桃果实采后冷害发生的机理的研究进展,总结了冷害对桃果实细胞膜、细胞壁代谢、抗氧化系统及精氨酸代谢的影响,并针对相关机制归纳了桃果实采后冷害控制技术,旨在为桃果实采后保鲜研究和应用提供理论与技术依据。     

物理方法在鲜切苹果保鲜中的应用研究进展

鲜切苹果具有新鲜、方便等优点,深受消费者的青睐。但鲜切时造成的机械损伤会破坏苹果天然的组织结 构,极易出现褐变、果实软化、腐烂等问题。传统的化学保鲜方法已不能满足消费者对食品安全高质量的要求,而 物理保鲜技术因其处理条件易于控制、保鲜效果好、安全性高的优势,在果蔬贮藏保鲜中应用广泛。本文综述了光 电方法、高压技术、气调贮藏技术、温度调控和其他物理技术在提高鲜切苹果贮藏品质方面的研究进展,分析了这 些技术通过钝化酶活性、抑制酶促褐变、杀灭微生物的方式以保持和提高鲜切苹果感官品质方面的可能机理。随着 这些技术的应用和发展,鲜切苹果的贮藏保鲜品质将得到保障。     

桃酶促褐变机理与调控技术研究进展

桃是我国古老的果品之一,极具营养价值和商品价值。桃是典型的呼吸跃变型果实,采后贮运中内部易发生褐变,且桃加工中褐变速率快、程度高,较难控制,对果实品质和经济价值造成影响。目前针对桃加工褐变特征和机理研究的系统性不强,调控技术方法针对性不足,效果不明显。本文针对桃果实酶促褐变特征、机理、褐变关键因子及褐变调控手段等相关国内外研究现状进行梳理,并对桃酶促褐变调控技术进行梳理,旨在为桃贮藏及加工中酶促褐变的调控提供参考,促进桃鲜食和加工制品的品质提升。     

双孢蘑菇采后贮藏保鲜研究进展

双孢蘑菇(Agaricus bisporus)肉质鲜美、营养丰富,是当前世界上产量最高、销售最广的食用菌之一.因其具有呼吸旺盛、含水量高等特点,采后贮藏极易失水、开伞、褐变、腐烂,严重影响其食用品质和经济价值,目前仍以鲜销为主.本文针对双孢蘑菇产生腐烂褐变的主要原因,对其保鲜方法(低温冷藏、气调保鲜、辐照保鲜、化学涂膜...     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press