Fe2+、Fe3+对CaO-Al2O3-SiO2-MgO系微晶玻璃析晶性能的影响规律

为了利用大量的含铁铝硅酸盐固体废弃物制备具有高附加值的微晶玻璃,采用DTA、XRD、SEM、EDS等手段研究了Fe2+、Fe3+对CASM系微晶玻璃析晶性能的影响.结果表明,Fe2+在微晶玻璃中与Mg2+的作用相同,取代以网络外体形式存在的Al3+,使得微晶玻璃的析晶温度逐渐下降,而对析晶能力几乎没有影响,并当Fe2+掺入量为2%时,主晶相由铝黄长石转变为镁黄长石,在7.5%时,进一步转变为透辉石.Fe3+掺量小于7.5%时,起到补充Si4+不足的作用,当大于7.5%时,部分Fe3+起到与Fe2+、Mg2+相同的作用,使得析晶温度呈先升后降的变化,在掺量为7.5%时,铝黄长石主晶相才开始转变为镁黄长石,在10%时,转变为透辉石,且析晶能力得到大幅提升.随着Fe2+和Fe3+含量增加,虽然微晶玻璃中主晶相的变化顺序相同,但Fe2+具有降低微晶玻璃析晶温度的作用,而一定量的Fe3+可作为晶核剂提高微晶玻璃的析晶能力.     

B_2O_3掺杂Li_2O-Al_2O_3-SiO_2低膨胀透明微晶玻璃的制备及性能表征

为了降低微晶玻璃的熔化温度、改善玻璃的化学稳定性、机械性能和玻璃的熔化质量,在Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2三元玻璃系统中加入5%的B2O3。但加入氧化硼容易产生玻璃分相,生成的主晶相β-石英固溶体就会减少,引起透光性下降。作者以TiO2、ZrO2作为复合晶核剂,通过改变成核温度、成核时间、晶化温度、晶化时间,控制晶体颗粒度大小,制备出了晶粒较小、主晶相为β-石英固溶体的低膨胀透明微晶玻璃,其透过率大于80%,膨胀系数为2.0×10-6/K-1。采用差热分析仪分析了晶化前后玻璃的放热情况,用X射线衍射仪分析了微晶玻璃的主晶相为β-石英固溶体,采用SEM分析了透明微晶玻璃和半透明微晶玻璃的晶体结构。     

掺P2O5氟化镓铟基玻璃微晶化可控性机理的探讨

用熔融法制备掺少量P2O5氟化镓铟基玻璃(20GaF3-15InF3-17CdF2-15ZnF2-10SnF2-20PbF2-3P2O5),玻璃的析晶动力学分析结果表明:掺入P2O5能使氟化镓铟基玻璃的析晶双峰间温度差△Tp(△Tp=Tp1-Tp2)增大,使可控微晶化变为可能。同时利用X射线衍射分析方法(XRD)和扫描电镜讨论了该微晶化玻璃的晶相和析晶形貌,并在593 K下保温1 h能得到透明度较好、含四方晶相ZnF2的微晶玻璃。     

La2O3在MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2微晶玻璃中的作用

在MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2玻璃中添加不同数量的氧化镧，采用差热分析，X射线衍射及电子显微镜等技术研究了氧化镧对玻璃析晶过程与力学性能的影响。氧化镧的加入使玻璃中析出α－堇青石相的温度降低，同时避免了高膨胀方石英相的析出。随着氧化镧加入量的增加，玻璃整体析晶能力下降，微晶玻璃中晶相含量减少，晶粒尺寸增大，微晶玻璃的弹性模量与硬度减小，断裂韧性增加，体现出大尺寸长柱状金红石晶粒的增韧作用。     

F-离子对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃晶化的影响

采用差热分析(DTA)，X射线衍射分析(XRD)，扫描电镜(SEM)等分析手段研究了F^-离子对Li2O—A12O3-SiO2系微晶玻璃形核和晶化的影响。结果发现，引入F^-离子使得玻璃的析晶峰值温度降低，玻璃的析晶活化能E降低，晶化指数n加大。引入F^-离子后，一方面促进了玻璃析晶和晶化，LixAlxSi1-xO2固溶体析出以及LixAlxSi1-xO2固溶体向β-锂辉石固溶体转变加快，晶化后的晶粒尺寸加大，析晶活化能E，晶化指数n与扫描电镜(SEM)分析一致。表明F^-离子促进了玻璃晶化和离子扩散。     

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃的IR、DTA和XRD研究

利用红外光谱、差热分析、X射线粉末衍射、电子显微镜等手段研究了含有TiO2和ZrO2的堇青石微晶玻璃的分相，成核与析晶过程，热处理过程中玻璃首先发生分相，富含钛离子的一相呈现点滴状，均匀分散于玻璃基体中，随后玻璃中析出大量微小的镁铝钛酸盐晶粒，并保持与玻璃分相类似的显微结构形貌，在玻璃析晶过程中钛离子逐渐向六配位状态转化，表明玻璃中钛离子参与形成晶相，玻璃相中钛离子含量逐渐减少。     

CaO/SiO2质量比对不锈钢渣微晶玻璃析晶及性能的影响

以不锈钢渣、废玻璃为原料,采用熔融法制备了主晶相为硅灰石相的微晶玻璃.利用DSC、XRD、SEM等测试分析手段研究了CaO/SiO2质量比对微晶玻璃物相组成、显微结构及理化性能的影响.结果表明:随CaO/SiO2质量比增加,玻璃转变温度和析晶放热峰温度逐渐降低,且析晶放热峰变尖锐;硅灰石相XRD衍射峰强度先增强后减弱;显微结构由表面析晶向整体析晶过渡,晶粒形状由球形颗粒变为针叶状晶,最后发育成片状晶,晶体尺寸先增加后减小;当CaO/SiO2质量比为0.72时微晶玻璃性能达到较优,显微硬度为6.49 GPa,密度为3.11 g/cm3,吸水率为0.11％,耐酸性96.51％,耐碱性99.92％.制备出的微晶玻璃有望应用在建筑装饰材料领域.     

亚微米Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2微晶玻璃制备

本文利用DTA、XRD和SEM对Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2(以下简称LAS)微晶玻璃核化晶化热处理制度及氟离子在该玻璃体系中的作用进行研究.通过分析得出:含氟LAS玻璃核化温度和晶化温度分别为620℃和710℃,比相同组份的不含氟Li2O-Al2O3-SiO2玻璃核化、晶化温度分别降低了40℃和160℃左右;引入氟离子明显降低LAS玻璃析晶温度,系统的活化能降低约54kJ/mol,当含氟LAS玻璃的核化时间为1h、晶化时间为4hrs,平均微晶颗粒尺寸在50nm左右.     

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系堇青石微晶玻璃的制备及性能研究

采用高温熔融法制备了MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系堇青石微晶玻璃,采用DTA、XRD等对试样的热处理工艺和力学性能进行了分析,详细讨论了晶化温度、晶化时间、核化温度及核化时间对该系微晶玻璃力学性能及显微结构的影响。结果表明,对于实验研究的MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃,于600℃核化处理4h,于1100℃晶化处理2h,可以得到具有较好性能的堇青石基微晶玻璃,其抗弯强度可达182MPa。     

La3+、Nd3+稀土离子掺杂对电路基板用锂铝硅微晶玻璃性能的影响

通过烧结法制备La3+和Nd3+掺杂的锂铝硅微晶玻璃,结合DSC、密度、热膨胀、SEM等检测技术研究了热处理和稀土离子掺杂对LAS微晶玻璃力学和电学性能的影响。结果表明:在640℃核化保温30min、940℃晶化保温2.5h可得到晶粒细小、力学强度和介电性能优良(ε=5.1～7.0,tanδ<0.005,10MHz),的微晶玻璃。同时稀土离子的加入产生的钉扎作用可以细化晶粒,进一步优化提高微晶玻璃的力学性能。     

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-Y2O3玻璃的弹性模量

根据硬盘基板用材料的要求，制备了MgO-Al2O3-SiO2-TiO2-Y2O3高弹性模量玻璃（120GPa)，玻璃的弹性模量随组成的变化服从Makishima-Mackenzie理论，MgO,Al2O3,TiO2,Y2O3等具有较高单位体积离解能的氧化物有利于提高玻璃的弹性模量，但玻璃弹性模量的理论计算值低于测试值，这是因为Makishima-Mackenzie理论没有考虑玻璃内阳离子的具体配位，对MgO,Y2O3堆积密度因子的堆导存在误差，因此利用Makishima-Mackenzie理论发展高弹性模量玻璃时应对MgO,Y2O3等氧化物的计算进行修正。     

Les phases SrLa2Al2O7 et SrGd2Al2O7

SrLa₂Al₂O₇ and SrGd₂Al₂O₇ belong to the structural type Sr₃Ti₂O₇. In SrGd₂Al₂O₇ strontium and gadolinium occupy respectively the 12 and 9 coordinated sites, whereas in SrLa₂Al₂O₇ the homologous cations are statistically distributed. The fluorescence spectra of both phases activated by Eu³⁺ ions show that the only possible position of Eu³⁺ is the 9 coordinated site.     

Comparison of the Electronic Structures of La2CuO4, Sr2CuO2Cl2, and Sr2CuO2F2

First-principles cluster calculations are reported of the local electronic structure of the three compounds: La₂CuO₄, Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂, and Sr₂CuO₂F₂. The copper and the planar oxygen 2p atomic orbitals exhibit a similar degree of covalency. The out-of-plane orbitals, however, are quite different with the atomic orbital lowered significantly in energy for chlorine and fluorine apical positions.     

Nanocrystallization of SrBi2Nb2O9 from glasses in the system Li2B4O7---SrO---Bi2O3---Nb2O5

Transparent glasses in the system (100−x)Li₂B₄O₇–x(SrO---Bi₂O₃---Nb₂O₅) (10≤x≤60) (in molar ratio) were fabricated by a conventional melt-quenching technique. Amorphous and glassy characteristics of the as-quenched samples were established via X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and differential thermal analyses (DTA) respectively. Glass–ceramics embedded with strontium bismuth niobate, SrBi₂Nb₂O₉ (SBN) nanocrystals were produced by heat-treating the as-quenched glasses at temperatures higher than 500 °C. Perovskite SBN phase formation through an intermediate fluorite phase in the glass matrix was confirmed by XRD and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Infrared and Raman spectroscopic studies corroborate the observation of fluorite phase formation. The dielectric constant (_r) and the loss factor (D) for the lithium borate, Li₂B₄O₇ (LBO) glass comprising randomly oriented SBN nanocrystals were determined and compared with those predicted based on the various dielectric mixture rule formalism. The dielectric constant was found to increase with increasing SBN content in LBO glass matrix.     

Phase relations of the Li2O-Ta2O5-B2O3 and Li2O-WO3-B2O3 systems and promising nonlinear optical compounds in K2O-Ta2O5-B2O3 system

The subsolidus phase equilibria of the Li₂O-Ta₂O₅-B₂O₃, K₂O-Ta₂O₅-B₂O₃ and Li₂O-WO₃-B₂O₃ systems have been investigated mainly by means of the powder X-ray diffraction method. Two ternary compounds, KTaB₂O₆ and K₃Ta₃B₂O₁₂ were confirmed in the system K₂O-Ta₂O₅-B₂O₃. Crystal structure of compound KTaB₂O₆ has been refined from X-ray powder diffraction data using the Rietveld method. The compound crystallizes in the orthorhombic, space group Pmn2₁ (No. 31), with lattice parameters a = 7.3253(4) Å, b = 3.8402(2) Å, c = 9.3040(5) Å, z = 2 and D_calc = 4.283 g/cm³. The powder second harmonic generation (SHG) coefficients of KTaB₂O₆ and K₃Ta₃B₂O₁₂ were five times and two times as large as that of KH₂PO₄ (KDP), respectively.     

Subsolidus phase equilibria in the Al2O3-CeO2-PbO and Al2O3-CeO2-RuO2 systems

The subsolidus phase equilibria in air for the Al₂O₃-CeO₂-PbO and Al₂O₃-CeO₂-RuO₂ systems were studied with the aim of obtaining information on possible interactions between a CeO₂-based solid electrolyte in solid-oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) and other oxides. No ternary compound was found in either of the systems. The tie line in the Al₂O₃-PbO-CeO₂ system is between Al₂Pb₂O₅ and the CeO₂.     

Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-SnO2系统的分相与析晶

对Na2O-B2O3-SiO2-SnO2四元系统的分相与析晶进行了探讨．通过对不同组成点在热处理、化学处理各阶段的试样进行能谱分析、XRD分析及SEM分析，确认了SnO2分布在分相结构中的富硼碱相中；在该系统中SnO2晶体的析出有赖于分相过程；分相结构尺度限制了SnO2的析晶尺寸．试验结果表明，通过控制分相结构得到了负载于多孔富硅载体的纳米尺寸的SnO2材料．该材料具有较高的CO氧化催化活性．     

Quasiparticle dispersion of Sr2CuO2Cl2

Recent angle resolved photoemission (ARPES) measurements for the insulating cuprate Sr₂CuO₂Cl₂ have provided the first experimental data which can be directly compared to the (theoretically) well-studied problem of a single hole propagating in an antiferromagnet. Some discrepancies withthe familiar 2D t— J model were observed. Here we discuss a comparison between the ARPES results and the quasiparticle dispersion of both (i) the extended t— t— J Hamiltonian and (ii) the three-band Hubbard model.     

High-pressure substitutions for Cd In Cd2Nb2O7 and Cd2Ta2O7

Substitutions into cadmium niobate of the type Cd_2?xA_xNb₂O₇ (x≤0.5) have been carried out at 58 kbars and 1100°C. The substituting A cations were Mg, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, and Zn which are all smaller than Cd. Rhombohedral or triclinic distortions derived from cubic Cd₂Nb₂O₇ were achieved at values of x as low as 0.05. All the substituted phases appear to be centric at room temperature. Analogous substitutions into Cd₂Ta₂O₇ were also made.