不对称润滑对碰摩转子-轴承系统的动力学影响

在考虑非线性油膜力的基础上,建立了具有碰摩故障的转子-轴承系统的动力学模型。用数值方法研究了在非线性油膜力作用下具有碰摩故障的转子系统的动力学特性,并研究了当改变其中一个支承轴承润滑油的粘度时,转子系统的动力学特性。研究发现,随着一轴承润滑油粘度的降低,转子系统亚临界角速度区的混沌区域和拟周期区域扩大了。该结果为采用不同粘度润滑剂的转子-轴承系统的优化设计、安全运行和故障诊断等提供了一定的理论参考     

非线性弹性碰摩转子周期运动稳定性分析

在同时考虑轴承油膜力、转轴非线性弹性力和碰摩发生时转静件间的相对速度对非线性摩擦力的影响基础上,构造了具有碰摩故障转子-轴承系统的动力学模型。利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法和Floquet理论,研究了系统周期运动的稳定性,分析了非线性摩擦力对系统动力学特性的影响。     

Stability of periodic motion on the rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and rub-impact

A dynamic model was set up for the rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and rub-impact. Using the continuation-shooting algorithm for periodic solution of nonlinear non-autonomous system, the stability of the system periodic motion was studied by the Floquet theory. The saddle-node bifurcation, periodic-doubling bifurcation and the Hopf bifurcation were found. There are peculiar dynamic characteristics of the rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and rub-impact that differs from single fault. The conclusions provide theoretic basis reference for the failure diagnosis of the rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of crack and rub-impact fault.     

非稳态油膜力作用下非线性刚度转子系统的碰摩故障分析

研究了在非稳态油膜力作用下非线性刚度转子系统发生碰摩时的振动问题。建立了非稳态油膜力作用的非线性刚度转子一轴承系统碰摩模型，应用数值分析的方法对其进行研究。通过Poincare截面图、轴心轨迹图、波形图和频谱图，直观地显示了系统在某些参数域中的运动状态。发现了由于油膜力作用出现油膜涡动和反向涡动现象以及倍周期分岔、概周期和混沌等复杂的动力学行为。数值分析结果为该类转子一轴承系统的设计和运行状态控制提供了理论参考。     

裂纹-碰摩转子-轴承系统周期运动稳定性

建立了含有裂纹-碰摩耦合故障转子轴承系统的动力学模型,利用求解非线性非自治系统周期解的延拓打靶法和F loquet理论,研究了系统周期运动的稳定性。发现碰摩转子-轴承系统在不同的转速下会发生鞍结分岔、倍周期分岔和Hopf分岔等现象,裂纹-碰摩耦合故障转子-轴承系统具有不同于单一故障的独特的动力学特性。研究结果为转子-轴承系统故障诊断和安全运行提供了一定的参考。     

双跨碰摩转子-轴承系统非线性动态响应与混沌

在同时考虑轴承油膜力和碰摩发生时转静件间的相对速度对非线性摩擦力的影响基础上,构造了双跨碰摩弹性转子-轴承系统动力学模型。对系统单盘和双盘碰摩的非线性动力学响应进行了数值仿真研究,发现该类系统在单盘碰摩时进入混沌的道路是倍周期分岔,离开混沌的道路为倍周期倒分岔,混沌运动区域为一体;双盘同时碰摩时,混沌运动区域中出现了2个明显的独立混沌岛。偏心量的增大,会使得系统响应更加不稳定。研究结果为转子-轴承系统故障诊断、动态设计和安全运行提供了理论参考。     

裂纹角的大小对裂纹转子振动特性的影响

将离心叶轮转子系统简化为Jeffcott转子系统,在考虑非线性油膜力的基础上,综合考虑了系统的流体激振力,建立了含有裂纹故障转子的动力学模型。运用数值积分法分析了不同裂纹角下系统响应随转速变化的分岔图、相图和Poincare映射图等,结果表明,裂纹深度一定的情况下,随着裂纹角的增大,流体激振力和非线性油膜力对转子系统分岔特性的影响也逐渐增大。     

单跨双圆盘不平衡转子-轴承系统的非线性动力学分析

根据30万kW发电机组模型试验台第一跨高中压转子的实际结构,考虑基于短轴承假设的非线性油膜力模型,建立了单跨双圆盘转子动力学模型。用数值方法进行了质量不平衡及油膜失稳条件下的动力学特性分析,得到系统稳态响应和分岔结果。讨论了非线性油膜的刚度特点。这些结果与试验基本一致。对转子-轴承系统的动态设计与故障诊断提供参考。     

不对称润滑工况下碰摩转子-轴承系统的动力学分析

在考虑非线性油膜力的基础上，建立了具有碰摩故障的转子一轴承系统的动力学模型。研究了具有碰摩故障的转子在两支承轴承使用相同和不同粘度润滑剂时的动力学行为，发现随着一端轴承润滑油粘度的降低，转子的混沌区域和拟周期区域扩大了。该结果为采用不同粘度润滑剂的转子一轴承系统的故障诊断提供了依据。     

高速转子-轴承系统油膜涡动故障仿真研究

针对滑动轴承支撑下的转子轴承系统,建立了非线性油膜力作用下的转子轴承系统的动力学模型.应用非线性动力学理论对该系统进行了研究,应用数值积分方法得到系统的响应,利用幅频曲线、分岔图、三维谱图研究系统响应随偏心距的变化规律.为有效诊断滑动轴承支撑下的转子油膜涡动故障提供了理论依据.     

转子-轴承-密封耦合系统的非线性振动特性研究

结合短轴承非线性油膜力模型和Muszynska密封力模型,运用数值积分方法分析了转子-轴承-密封耦合系统的非线性动力学特性,针对转速对耦合系统动态响应的影响进行了仿真计算,并利用转子中心分岔图、轨迹图、Poincare映射图、功率谱图分析了耦合系统的非线性动力学特性.理论分析表明:随着转速的变化,耦合系统呈现复杂的动力学行为,产生了包括单周期、3倍周期、拟周期等振动现象.     

A novel nonlinear model of rotor/bearing/seal system and numerical analysis

A novel nonlinear model of rotor/bearing/seal system based on the Hamilton principle is proposed for steam turbine systems in power plants. The Musznyska model and unsteady bearing oil-film force model were applied to describe the nonlinear steam excitation force and oil-film force. The Runge-Kutta method was used to solve the motion equation of the rotor/seal/bearing system. The dynamic characteristics of the rotor/bearing/seal system were analyzed with bifurcation diagrams, time-history diagrams, trajectory diagrams, Poincare maps and frequency spectrums. The numerical analysis indicates that the seal force and the oil-film force influence the nonlinear dynamic characteristics of the rotor system. With the increase of rotation speed, the rotor system exhibits rich forms of periodic, double-periodic, multi-periodic, quasi-periodic and chaotic motion. The combined impact of steam excitation force and bearing oil-film force may cause a severe vibration which seriously affects the safety and stability of the rotor. The presented model provides a theoretic foundation for further research on the ultra-supercritical steam turbines.     

Simulations and experimental investigation on motion stability of a flexible rotor-bearing system with a transverse crack

In the classical process for stability studies on the rotor-bearing system with crack faults, the simple discrete model is adopted for research on such problems, which neglect some needful dynamical influence factor, such as the material damping, shearing effect and gyroscopic effects, etc. Therefore, it is necessary to find a precise calculation model for simulation of the rotor-bearing system with cracks faults. In this paper, instead of the traditional simple discrete model, finite element （FE） model is adopted to investigate the motion stability of a nonlinear rotor system with crack fault. According to finite element theory, the FE model of the cracked rotor system is established firstly. It should be pointed out that the element where the crack occurs is modeled by a particular crack element and the supports at both ends are simulated by two nonlinear loads. Then, based on dimensionless and dimensionality reduction, the Newmark-[3 method and the shooting method are employed to study the effect of eccentricity and the depth of crack on instability speed and bifurcation feature. Furthermore, the simulation results are verified by some corresponding experiments. The simulation and experimental results show that instability speed does not change monotonically, but decreases firstly and then increases when the amount of eccentricity increases. Moreover, as the type of instability changes, the instability speed jumps concomitantly. Additionally, the presence of crack fault can disturb the oil whirl, as a result, instability speed tends to increase slightly, but it does not affect the type of instability and jumping phenomenon. This research presents an effective and convenient method which uses the finite element method （FEM） to research the motion stability of the nonlinear rotor-bearing system with cracked faults and other nonlinear force, and the proposed method can provide a theoretical reference for stability analysis and vibration control in more complex relevant rotor-bearing system.     

Chaos of rub-impact rotor supported by bearings with nonlinear suspension

The nonlinear dynamic analysis of the rotor-bearing system is studied in this paper and is supported by oil-film short bearings with nonlinear suspension. An observation of a nonlinearly supported model and the rub-impact between rotor and stator is needed. Therefore for more precise analysis of rotor-bearing systems, the rub-impact between rotor and stator is also proposed in this paper. The displacements in the horizontal and the vertical directions charactering the theoretical model of the system are considered with non-dimensional speed ratio. Inclusive of the analysis methods of the dynamic trajectory, the power spectrum, the Poincaré maps and the bifurcation diagrams are used to analyze the behavior of the rotor centre and bearing centre in the horizontal and vertical directions under different operating conditions. The maximum Lyapunov exponent analysis is also used in this study to identify the chaotic motion. It is concluded that the trajectory of rotor centre and bearing centre have undesirable vibrations. Especially at s=5.6, the rotor centre is at chaotic motion but the bearing centre is still at quasi-periodic motion. With the analysis of the dynamic behavior of these operating conditions, the theoretical and practical idea for controlling rotor-bearing systems and optimizing their operation can be more precise.     

On fault induced nonlinear rotary response and instability

Results of applying instantaneous frequency to the interpretation and characterization of bifurcation and evolution of instability are presented for a comprehensive rotor-journal bearing model incorporating translational and rotational inertia, bending stiffness, gyroscopic moments, shear deformation and disk imbalance. By designating rotor speed and the relative flexibility embodying the extent of surface crack development as the two controlled parameters, rich and complex nonlinear behaviors are observed as the model subjected to the combined exertion of slow crack breathing and bearing film pressure. Among them are that sub-harmonics attributable to the oil-film force are seen disappeared with crack opening and that the model system fails from one of the three possible scenarios: super-harmonic bifurcation, prolonged chaotic response, and large vibration amplitudes accompanied by no bifurcation. As a result of the investigation, a dynamic failure curve differentiating zones of stability and bifurcated instability from zones of dynamic failure is constructed and proposed as an alternative to the traditional stability chart.     

Dynamic characteristics of multi-degrees of freedom system rotor-bearing system with coupling faults of rub-impact and crack

Extensive studies on rotor systems with single or coupled multiple faults have been carried out. However these studies are limited to single-span rotor systems. A finite element model for a complex rotor-bearing system with coupled faults is presented. The dynamic responses of the rotor-bearing system are obtained by using the rotor dynamics theory and the modern nonlinear dynamics theory in connection with the continuation-shooting algorithm（commonly used for obtaining a periodic solution for a nonlinear system） for a range of rub-impact clearances and crack depths. The stability and Hopf instability of the periodic motion of the rotor-bearing system with coupled faults are analyzed by using the procedure described. The results indicate that the finite element method is an effective way for determining the dynamic responses of such complex rotor-bearing systems. Further for a rotor system with rub-impact and crack faults, the influences of the clearances are significantly different for different rub-impact stiffness. On the contrary, the influence of crack depths is rather small. The instability speeds of the rotor-bearing system increase due to the presence of the crack fault. The results obtained using the new finite element model, presented for computation and analysis of dynamic responses of the rotor-bearing systems with coupled faults, are in accordance with measurements in experiment. The formulations given can be used for diagnosis of faults, vibration control, and safe and stable operations of real rotor-bearing systems.     

含裂纹的齿轮耦合转子系统非线性动力学特性分析

在考虑滑动轴承的非线性轴承油膜力以及齿轮齿侧间隙影响的情况下,综合了转轴裂纹以及齿轮质量偏心等常见故障,建立了齿轮耦合转子系统的振动模型并推导了系统的无量纲运动方程.利用数值积分对方程进行了求解,并分析了齿侧间隙以及转轴横向裂纹对齿轮耦合转子系统非线性动力学特性的影响.     

Effects of unbalance location on dynamic characteristics of high-speed gasoline engine turbocharger with floating ring bearings

For the high-speed gasoline engine turbocharger rotor, due to the heterogeneity of multiple parts material, manufacturing and assembly errors, running wear in impeller and uneven carbon of turbine, the random unbalance usually can be developed which will induce excessive rotor vibration, and even lead to nonlinear vibration accidents. However, the investigation of unbalance location on the nonlinear high-speed turbocharger rotordynamic characteristics is less. In order to discuss the rotor unbalance location effects of turbocharger with nonlinear floating ring bearings(FRBs), the realistic turbocharger of gasoline engine is taken as a research object. The rotordynamic equations of motion under the condition of unbalance are derived by applied unbalance force and nonlinear oil film force of FRBs. The FE model of turbocharger rotor-bearing system is modeled which includes the unbalance excitation and nonlinear FRBs. Under the conditions of four different applied locations of unbalance, the nonlinear transient analyses are performed based on the rotor FEM. The differences of dynamic behavior are obvious to the turbocharger rotor systems for four conditions, and the bifurcation phenomena are different. From the results of waterfall and transient response analysis, the speed for the appearance of fractional frequency is not identical and the amplitude magnitude is different from the different unbalance locations, and the non-synchronous vibration does not occur in the turbocharger and the amplitude is relative stable and minimum under the condition 4. The turbocharger vibration and non-synchronous components could be reduced or suppressed by controlling the applied location of unbalance, which is helpful for the dynamic design, fault diagnosis and vibration control of the high-speed gasoline engine turbochargers.     

基于轴心轨迹形态的转子裂纹故障分析与诊断

基于转子系统轴心轨迹的形态分析,提出一种对多故障中的裂纹故障进行初步诊断的简便方法。通过对转子系统1/2临界转速附近的轴心轨迹形态分析,表明在1/2临界转速附近,裂纹-碰摩双故障转子系统轴心轨迹的内环形状随着转速的变化而改变,内环的偏置方向也随转速旋转一定角度。在碰摩转子系统中,其1/2临界转速附近的轴心轨迹形态与裂纹-碰摩双故障转子有明显区别。多故障系统轴心轨迹的形态分析为对其中的裂纹故障进行初步诊断提供了新方法,使转子故障诊断效率得到提高。同时结合分岔图及频谱图对不同转子系统的动力学响应进行了分析,利用Bently转子实验台对裂纹转子系统的轴心轨迹进行了实验验证。     

带有支座松动故障的离心泵叶轮转子分岔特性分析

将离心泵叶轮转子系统简化为中间带有刚性圆盘的柔性转子,在引入非线性横向流体激振力的条件下,建立带有支座松动故障的不平衡离心叶轮转子在非线性轴承油膜力作用下的振动模型,并推导系统的无量纲运动方程.运用数值积分法研究系统的分岔特性,分析横向流体激振力以及松动端轴承支座质量对该类离心泵叶轮转子系统非线性动力学特性的影响.