电化学对微小孔毛刺去除的仿真及试验

钻削微小通孔产生的孔口毛刺严重影响了其表面质量,且微小孔因直径小导致其入口和出口毛刺去除困难,为此提出基于电化学的微小通孔双面毛刺的同步去除方法。以0.35 mm厚的304不锈钢板的钻孔毛刺为研究对象,建立电化学毛刺去除仿真模型,分析电流密度与微小孔不同区域材料去除速率间的对应关系,研究电极位置及工艺参数对毛刺去除效果的影响,并开展相关试验研究。结果表明,孔口表面电流密度大小表征了材料去除能力的强弱,毛刺尖端电流密度大,孔内壁电流密度小且分布均匀;电极位置对出口毛刺去除速率影响大,伸出型电极毛刺去除效果最好;随加工电压、电解质浓度及电极直径增大,毛刺去除效率增高,但扩孔率增大,且电极直径越大入口倒角越明显;试验基于伸出型电极位置,采用4 V加工电压、12%NaNO₃电解质、0.2 mm电极半径,实现了孔口毛刺的精准去除,加工后的倒角宽度为38μm,扩孔率仅1.99%,验证了仿真的准确性。研究结果可为微小通孔双面毛刺的高效、精准去除奠定研究基础。     

航天发动机壳体类零件电化学去毛刺加工工艺研究

阐述了电化学去毛刺的原理、优点及适用范围.介绍了航天发动机壳体类零件相交孔电化学去毛刺的工艺内容,分析了试验结果.通过合理设计电极,选用合适的电解液温度和加工时间,可将毛刺完全去除.     

电化学去内交叉孔毛刺专用机床电气系统设计

经机械加工后的内交叉孔毛刺大小不一、可达性差,去除较为困难。确定采用从毛刺根部插入加工电极的电化学去毛刺加工方法,分析了电化学去毛刺机床的基本构成及特点,在此基础上对机床的电气系统进行了设计与研究,完成了主电气回路、安全检测系统、控制系统、控温系统的设计及加工电源的选取。该系统具有极间短路检测、安全操作保护、提供温度适合的电解液、按设定参数控制加工过程等功能,具有操控方便,使用安全,可靠性好的特点。     

基于零件毛刺形成机理开发去除毛刺设备

介绍了几种常见的去除毛刺方法,结合毛刺形成机理,根据加工零件的生产工艺,对转子零件产生毛刺的原因和控制方法作出分析,最后利用电化学法开发了去除毛刺的专业设备,并进行了实验验证。结果表明：该设备去除毛刺的效率高、质量好。     

磁粒研磨镍基高温合金群孔切出毛刺的研究

为解决镍基高温合金GH3128群孔切出毛刺难去除的问题,基于磁粒研磨法开展毛刺去除试验研究。对镍基高温合金GH3128钻孔加工后孔缘毛刺进行分类,基于磁粒研磨法分析典型毛刺去除机理,并提出群孔毛刺去除的研磨轨迹和磁极形状初步方案。开展磁粒研磨群孔试验研究,分析主轴转速和磨粒平均粒径对切出毛刺去除的影响。结果表明:在主轴转速为1 500 r/min、磁性磨料平均粒径250μm、进给速度2 mm/s、磁性磨粒填充量30 g、加工间隙2 mm的加工条件下,研磨40 min后,群孔切出毛刺平均高度由原始的141μm降至20.5μm,毛刺的平均宽度从原始350μm降至163μm。规划研磨轨迹、磁极开矩形槽以及优化研磨参数的方法,使镍基高温合金GH3128群孔切出毛刺得到了很好的去除,此加工方案可为群孔切出毛刺的去除提供参考。     

S型针阀体喷孔脉冲电解去毛刺试验研究

钻削加工S型针阀体喷孔后,喷孔入口处易产生毛刺。通过分析喷孔位置及毛刺形态,提出一种以锥形电极作为工具阴极的S型针阀体喷孔脉冲电解去毛刺工艺。基于脉冲电解加工中金属/溶液界面双电层充放电理论,对脉宽参数进行理论分析,并对电解液浓度和组分进行试验优化,在18CrNi8为基材的针阀体上进行了脉冲电解去毛刺试验。结果表明:使用锥形工具电极,在1 mol/L的Na NO3水基溶液中添加草酸作为电解液,并将pH值调至3左右,经脉冲电解去毛刺后,S型针阀体喷孔入口处的毛刺可完全去除。     

精密零件的微磨料气射流光整加工

近年来,在非传统去毛刺加工方法中,微磨料气射流去毛刺由于初始成本低、生产效率高、灵活性强、无应力、无热影响区,在精密零件的光整加工中获得了广泛的应用。本文详细介绍了微磨料气射流用于光整加工去毛刺的加工原理、材料去除机理、去毛刺的工艺参数以及对棱边尺寸的影响,并列举了一些微磨料气射流在不同应用领域的加工实例。     

纯钼与纯钛电化学去毛刺实验研究

为消除由纯钼和纯钛加工成的待加工件表面出现的金属重熔层和毛刺,选用电化学去毛刺工艺来去除这些待加工件上的金属重熔层和毛刺。电化学去毛刺工艺利用电化学阳极溶解的原理去除间隙的毛刺,其具有对工件无机械力、与工件材料硬度无关等优点因此其在加工高硬度和高韧性的金属工件上有着天然优势。通过使用不同电解液,运用电化学去毛刺的加工手段分别测试用电火花线切割加工过的钼片和钛片的去毛刺效果,得到了在30℃的电解液温度和5V的加工电压以及5s的加工时长下,电化学去毛刺加工在对纯钼和纯钛的加工上有着很明显的效果的结果。     

扫描式阴极电化学光整加工对车削外圆面边缘毛刺的去除

目的 通过电化学光整加工,在改善车削零件表面粗糙度的同时,有效去除工件边缘两侧方向的微小毛刺,提高零件表面的完整性.方法 在扫描式阴极电化学光整加工能实现表面良好光整加工效果的参数范围内,通过改变阴极局部形状,改变毛刺部位的电场分布,进而改变其材料去除速度,实现毛刺去除.对不同形状阴极条件下,毛刺表面的电流密度分布及毛刺顶端和底部的电流密度差值进行仿真分析,得到使毛刺高度值下降较快的阴极形状.对工件进行扫描式阴极电化学光整加工,获得表面粗糙度Ra与毛刺高度值的变化规律.结果 使用凸圆角阴极时,毛刺顶端和底部的电流密度差值较大,去除效率较高.Ra值在加工时间为16～18 min时出现拐点,加工20 min时,Ra值由2.76μm降低至0.32μm;毛刺高度值在加工时间为10～14 min时出现拐点,加工20 min时,从17.10μm降低至2.64μm,与表面粗糙度Rz值为同一量级.结论 通过改变阴极形状,在电化学光整加工过程中能有效降低车削工件边缘两侧方向的微小毛刺,实现零件使用性能的提高,具有实际应用中的可行性.     

基于磨料流加工技术叶片泵转子去毛刺试验研究

针对叶片泵转子叶片槽两侧面及槽底孔内毛刺不能被彻底去除的问题,提出基于磨料流加工技术的方法,建立磨料流体三维模型,利用Fluent软件模拟分析槽底孔中心及槽道边沿压力分布,设计装夹方案并进行现场试验。加工后的槽道内壁光滑,无毛刺,表面粗糙度值未显著变化,尺寸精度未受影响,表明磨料流加工技术可有效去除转子槽内的毛刺。     

制品表面毛刺去除技术综述

简述了金属制品与塑料制品毛刺的概念以及制品表面毛刺去除的重要性,介绍了常见的毛刺去除技术,如人工去毛刺、电化学去毛刺、热能去毛刺、高压水去毛刺、超声波去毛刺和激光去毛刺等,并说明了各技术存在的问题,最后对制品表面毛刺去除技术的发展趋势进行了展望.     

Electrochemical deburring system using electroplated CBN wheels

Deburring and edge finishing technology as the final process of machining operation is required for manufacturing of advanced precise components. Fitting a deburring process into FMS (flexible manufacturing system) with high efficiency and full automation is a difficult problem. There is no standardized procedure for the removal of burrs of various shapes, dimensions and properties and currently manual methods are used. In particular, deburring of internal cross holes which are perpendicular to a main hole is more difficult and the electrochemical method is a potential solution. Therefore, it is needed to develop the electrochemical deburring technology for internal deburring in a cross hole shape.In this study, the mechanism of electrochemical deburring by using electroplated cubic boron nitride (CBN) wheels is described and its deburring performance is investigated in an internal cross hole. Also, deburring efficiency for internal cross holes is examined with electrolytic currents and other electrochemical conditions. The optimum range of deburring the internal cross hole corresponding to the acquired edge quality is determined.     

Wet blasting as a deburring process for aluminum

Light weight aluminum has shown high applicability in the automobile industry for high fuel efficiency. However, the manufacturing of aluminum is limited by the deburring process owing to the difficulty in employing wet blasting. In this paper, we present experimental and computational studies on the deburring process of wet blasting for aluminum. The process conditions are analyzed to achieve high deburring performance that minimizes the surface damage. Parameters of wet blasting with a significant influence on the deburring process are investigated and a promising deburring technique for aluminum is proposed.     

Experimental analysis of deburring process on inclined exit surface by new deburring tool

The removal of macro-burrs formed after drilling has always been a difficult engineering problem, especially on inclined exit surfaces with intersecting holes. A new deburring tool is developed to remove burrs on inclined exit surfaces. The performance of the proposed deburring tool is analyzed according to changes in parameters including tool geometry, the deburring direction, and cutting conditions. Based on our analysis, proper tool geometry is suggested, and an efficient deburring method and deburring conditions are determined which satisfy the chamfered geometry and surface roughness of holes.     

TRIZ辅助便携式电解去小孔毛刺装置设计

针对中小批量工件内小孔毛刺去除成本高的现状,运用TRIZ理论对当前电解去毛刺加工装置存在的问题进行分析,建立电解去毛刺装置的功能结构并确定了各功能元的作用及连接关系。在此基础上,对工装夹具、电解液系统及装置壳体进行了创新设计,并完成加工电源的选型及控制系统设计。该装置操作方便、结构小巧、成本低廉、安全可靠。     

高压水喷射去毛刺技术的应用研究

以高压水去毛刺技术的基本理论为基础,针对液压阀结构特点,结合数控技术,提出高压水去毛刺方案,并对该方案的压力、流量、作用力与反作用力等关键参数进行计算.在此基础上,开发的HCC1000数控高压清洗中心具有去刺效率高、噪声低、清洗头不泄漏、价格低等特点.     

振动研磨去喷孔毛刺实验

为了解决喷嘴的喷孔毛刺去除困难的问题,采用低频振动研磨去毛刺工艺进行去喷孔毛刺实验,由结果可以看出,该工艺方法能显著地去除喷孔的毛刺.且该低频振动研磨系统具有工艺易于实现、成本低且操作简便的特点.     

Design of a deburring tool for intersecting holes in aluminum alloys

A deburring tool for intersecting holes is proposed. The tool has a hemispherical cutter head mounted on a pivoted shaft which is loaded against the burr edge by a set of springs. The cutter head is inserted into an intersecting hole up to the burr edge and is subsequently rotated counterclockwise with a return stroke. The cutter head size is selected such that the cutter head has maximum accessibility to the three dimensional burr edge. The cutting edge is designed to maintain proper ranges of rake angle and relief angle during deburring. The efficiency of the tool in terms of deburring speed is verified by a set of deburring tests on Al6061-T6. The measured depth of cut on the burr edge confirms the complete removal of burrs.     

Deburring microparts using a magnetorheological fluid

It is difficult to deburr a micro-machined surface because the micro-features are easily damaged during the deburring processes. This paper proposes a new deburring process utilizing a magnetorheological fluid and applies it to the production of micromolds. A magnetorheological fluid is a functional fluid with a variable yield stress that is controlled by an external magnetic field. The proposed process utilizes two material removal mechanisms induced by the magnetorheological fluid flow. Extensive yielding of material is effective for deburring sheet-shaped burrs, and abrasive wear is effective for deburring protrusion-shaped burrs. A process model was developed to describe the effectiveness of each mechanism for specific burr geometries. The performance of the proposed method was verified experimentally. Metal burrs with a height of 200 μm and thickness of 1 μm were removed successfully with extensive yielding and abrasive wear. Burrs shorter than a few micrometers could be removed only by abrasive wear. The material removal behaviors of sheet-shaped and protrusion shaped burrs matched the proposed process model well.