碳二加氢体系热力学分析

对碳二加氢体系进行了较为详尽的热力学分析,得到不同温度条件下各反应的热焓、吉布斯自由能以及反应平衡常数,确定了主要副反应和绿油生成反应,根据计算结果指出,提高反应选择性、降低绿油生成量是碳二加氢催化剂开发所面临的主要难题,而降低乙炔在催化剂表面强吸附物种的数量,是提高选择性、抑制绿油生成的主要手段。     

BC-H-20B型催化剂在乙炔加氢中的应用

BC-H-20B催化剂投用乙炔加氢反应器后第一个运行周期内,催化剂活性较高,绿油生成量较大,对乙烯精馏塔操作带来一定的影响。分析了乙烯精馏塔液泛和乙炔反应器绿油生成量大等问题的原因,提出采用调整氢炔比和入口温度以及配入粗氢等措施进行优化调整。     

C2加氢催化剂实现工业应用

2010年11月5日,由中国石油化工研究院自主开发生产的11 t新型LY-C2-02-A C2加氢催化剂中试生产结束,标志着新型C2加氢催化剂具备工业应用条件。     

大庆石化乙烯装置碳二加氢系统运行状态分析

大庆石化新建60万t/a乙烯装置使用的是我国首个国产化大型乙烯成套技术,碳二加氢系统是装置的关键部分,也是操作难点之一。通过对开工以来碳二加氢系统运行状态进行分析,总结床层温度、床层温升、床层转化率、负荷分配、进料量、乙炔含量、一氧化碳浓度、绿油生成量的变化规律,综合判断系统的运行状态,提出优化操作建议,为系统的稳定运行和国产化大型乙烯成套技术的成功应用提供了有力保障。     

我国C9加氢石油树脂研究进展

综述了我国C9加氢石油树脂的研究进展,重点介绍了C9加氢石油树脂催化剂研究、浆态加氢工艺、固定床加氢工艺及C9加氢石油树脂的应用,指出了我国C9加氢石油树脂今后的研究方向。     

碳二加氢催化剂再生方式的优化

介绍了高乙炔浓度Ｃ２加氢催化剂再生方式的优化。叙述了沉积的绿油堵塞催化剂，是造成催化剂失活的重要原因，同时，分析了进口温度和氧含量对再生床层的绝热温升，床层烧焦情况，飞温的影响，为乙烯生产的Ｃ３１－１Ａ催化剂再生操作提供了依据。     

碳三加氢反应器的优化操作

建立了碳三加氢反应器平推流模型,模型计算结果与生产数据吻合.根据模型的计算结果对生产装置进行了调整.适当降低反应压力可以减少绿油生成量,但不会影响加氢效果.存在最佳循环比,在最佳循环比下操作,即可以控制床层温升,又可以维持丙炔、丙二烯的高转化率.     

C9石油树脂加氢技术研究进展及应用市场

分析了C9石油树脂加氢技术及其相关催化剂的研究进展和专利申请情况,并分析了C9加氢石油树脂的用途及其市场消费状况,指出了C9加氢石油树脂是C9资源利用的一个有效途径。     

碳二加氢催化剂实现工业应用

由中国石油石油化工研究院自主开发生产的11吨新型LY—C2-02-A碳二加氢催化剂中试生产结束，标志着新型碳二加氢催化剂具备工业应用条件。     

碳二（乙炔）加氢催化剂实现工业应用

2009年11月5日，由中国石油石油化工研究院自主开发生产的11t新型LY—C2—02-A碳二加氢催化剂中试生产结束，标志着新型碳二加氢催化剂具备工业应用条件。     

Utilization of green seed canola oil for biodiesel production

Increasing percentage of green canola seed every year is a serious problem for canola growers. Chlorophyll content of this oil is very high, which makes it more susceptible to photo‐oxidation and ultimately the oxidation stability of the oil is very reduced. Hence green seed canola oil is underutilized for edible purposes. The present work is an attempt to produce high‐quality biodiesel from green seed canola oil and methanol, ethanol and various mixtures of methanol and ethanol using KOH as a catalyst. A mixture of alcohols improved the rate of reaction. After transesterification of green seed canola oil using KOH, the chlorophyll content of the oil was decreased substantially (from 22.1 ppm to 10.3 ppm). Characteristics of the esters prepared from green seed canola oil were well within the limits of ASTM standards. Lubricity of the green seed oil esters was excellent (20% decrease in wear scar area) when added at 1 vol% to the base fuel. Oxidation stability is crucial for long‐term storage of the fuel. Oxidation stability index (OSI) of green seed esters was 4.9 h at 110 °C, which is much less than the European Standard (6 h at 100 °C). The low oxidation stability of green seed esters is attributed to its higher chlorophyll (10.3 ppm) content. An attempt was also made to reduce the chlorophyll content of the oil before transesterification using activated carbon treatment, and it was observed that chlorophyll content was reduced from 22.1 to 2.2 ppm. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry     

油气田作业危险分析及预防措施

油气田的生产方式、生产工艺、生产设备以及产品的特点决定了其生产过程中的事故多发性。油气田作业属于高危险作业,其各个作业环节所存的危险各异。为了对油气田作业过程中的危险进行分析、辨识,以便有针对性地采取预防措施,避免事故的发生,将油气田各个生产场所划分为独立的生产单元,结合各单元的作业特点逐一进行了危险分析,阐明了导致危险的原因,并提出了相应的预防措施,为预防油气田作业事故提供参考。     

洗油精细加工现状与绿色分离过程开发

煤焦油洗油中分离产物在农药、医药、染料、加工助剂及工程塑料等领域有着广泛的应用。目前分离洗油中α-甲基萘、β-甲基萘、喹啉、联苯、吲哚、苊及芴等普遍采用精馏重结晶方法,该方法耗能大、污染大,因此研究探讨洗油加工中的绿色分离过程是十分有必要的。绿色分离过程的主要绿色分离方法有反应精馏、绿色溶剂流体萃取及膜过程。开发绿色分离工艺对于洗油深加工方面具有一定的科研价值和工业前景。     

Oil content and composition of the seed in the world collection of sesame introductions

The quantity and quality of oil was studied in 721 introductions of sesame seed. The mean oil content was 53.1% and the iodine value 117.4. The mean per cent fatty acid composition was: palmitic 9.5, stearic 4.4, oleic 39.6 and linoleic 46.0. The oil was clear, colorless in 47.4% of the samples and light green in 37.2%. The remainder of the oil samples were dark green or brown. Short plants tended to have colorless oil while tall plants had light green oil. Early plants had a higher seed oil content. Earliness, yellow seed color and large seed size were associated with lower iodine value. A significant negative correlation was found between oleic and linoleic acid content. There was no correlation between oil content and iodine value of the oil. One of seven papers presented at the Symposium, “The Plant Geneticist’s Contribution Toward Changing the Lipid and Amino Acid Composition of Oilseeds,” AOCS Meeting, Houston, May 1971.     

Photochemical studies of rancidity: Rate of peroxide development under constant intensity of light

Conclusions (1) Peroxides in oils increase at a uniform rate when the oils are irradiated with light from a constant source, such as CX lamps. (2) An oil which has been protected by a sextant green filter and which has already developed a certain amount of peroxides will, when exposed simultaneously to light of CX lamps with a fresh sample of the same oil, continue to develop peroxides, and at the same rate as that of the fresh oil. (3) The induction period of an oil which has been protected by a sextant green filter is unaffected by the peroxides which were developed during protection and is equal to that of a fresh sample of the same oil. (4) The development of rancidity in oils that have been protected by a sextant green filter proceeds independently of the peroxides that may be already formed. (5) Peroxides which develop under a sextant green filter do not increase the susceptibility of the oil to become rancid. Food Research Division Contribution No. 331.     

Reduction of green color from soybean oil

The green color in a refined bleached soybean oil extracted from green soybeans was removed substantially by partially hydrogenating the oil with 1% copper chromite catalyst at 175 C and 30 psig. Hydrogenating the same oil to the identical IV (110) with 0.1% nickel at 150 C and 15 psig was ineffective.     

Color changes in olive oil

The following is a summary of the conclusions and facts brought out in this investigation:

1. That yellow olive oil packed in tin may turn green, and that this reaction is brought about by reduction of the yellow color through the action of the free fatty acids of the oil on the tinplate.
2. That this reaction will not take place at normal temperatures in the presence of light.
3. That the green color of olive oil, so formed, reverts to yellow by the action of light.
4. That the formation of green color in olive oil is dependent on the acid strength of the oil and depth of the original yellow color and increases proportionately with these.
5. That, in general, most olive oils on the market packed in tin, are of a greenish color, while the bottled product is yellow. This, of course, does not apply to fresh oil, but only that which is sufficiently old to have permitted any color change to have taken place.
6. That it is not possible to pack olive oil in cans without development of greenish color unless the original oil is rendered neutral or bleached. As it is not practical to render the oil absolutely neutral or to bleach it, the formation of green color in tin cannot be entirely prevented in practice but may be controlled to a certain extent.
7. That the development of excessive green color, which might be objectionable, can be prevented either by packing in cans only oil of low acidity (below 0.25%) or oil, the original color of which is light yellow. In the latter case the acidity is of little consequence as far as color is concerned.
8. That green-colored oil in cans can be reconditioned by transferring to bottles and exposing to light, whereby the original yellow color is restored.

     

橄榄油化学组成及应用综述

橄榄油是一种天然绿色营养保健植物油脂。本文着重阐述橄榄油的成分、物理特性及在医药、日化方面的应用。     

高乙烯基溶聚丁苯橡胶在高性能胎面胶中的应用

研究了国产高乙烯基充环保油溶聚丁苯橡胶（HVSSBR）的基本性能及其在胎面胶配方中的应用,并与具有相似结构的国外产品VSL5025-2进行了对比,结果表明：在胎面胶应用配方中HVSS-BR在物理性能、动态力学性能方面都优于国外对比样品,能满足高性能轿车轮胎行业的巨大需求。     

橄榄油化学组成及应用综述

橄榄油是一种天然绿色营养保健植物油脂.本文着重阐述橄榄油的成分、物理特性及在医药、日化方面的应用.