基于等效结构应力的电阻点焊疲劳寿命预测

采用基于等效结构应力的点焊疲劳寿命预测方法对搭接和剥离两种受力状态下的电阻点焊疲劳寿命进行有限元模拟,运用简化粱单元、壳单元和刚性粱单元建立点焊有限元模型,利用商业有限元软件进行线弹性分析获得点焊周边单元节点的节点力,由节点力计算焊点周边单元的等效结构应力,根据单一主S-N曲线确定点焊疲劳寿命.为了验证有限元建模及疲劳...     

预拉伸对不锈钢电阻点焊接头疲劳寿命的影响

不锈钢电阻点焊接头疲劳测试中,断裂处多数在焊点附近.其原因归结为焊接接头处存在残余应力.文中对SUS301不锈钢3.5 mm和4.5 mm两组不同板厚组合的点焊试件进行疲劳测试,得出给定应力下的中值疲劳寿命,随后通过预拉伸削弱点焊接头内部残余应力后重新进行疲劳测试,进行最优载荷区间分析;同时测试焊态及拉伸试件残余应力,...     

超高强钢点焊结构疲劳试验分析

以超高强淬火钢22MnB5为母体的点焊结构为研究对象,分别通过恒压和锻压工艺,利用光学显微镜,运用成组法进行了疲劳试验测试分析,结果表明,锻压和恒压二种工艺的p-S-N曲线显示出前者比后者工艺的疲劳寿命分散性略大及两种工艺的断裂模式基本相同,裂纹在焊核与热影响区交界处发生,并进一步向两侧较对称扩展至母材区,成为裂纹起裂点.异种母材与同种母材的试样发生疲劳断裂的位置相同,均为焊核与内层热影响区的交界处,异种母材的试样在裂纹扩展形态具有不对称性,疲劳失效均发生在低碳钢焊核处,得到三种应力等级下焊点的疲劳寿命变化曲线.     

基于固有频率变化和载荷特性的点焊疲劳寿命预测

基于疲劳试验和动态响应试验,对单点拉剪点焊试件在恒幅、变幅和随机疲劳过程中的固有频率变化特性进行了研究.通过恒幅、变幅疲劳损伤过程中的频率响应函数曲线和各阶模态固有频率的比较,提出以载荷和频率变化率作为描述点焊疲劳损伤的特征参量,并利用剩余寿命比,建立了频率变化率与参量的线性关系,并以此关系描述随机载荷的疲劳过程.根据加载载荷、频率变化率和当前循环数来预测寿命,适用于载荷谱已知,固有频率可测情况下的疲劳寿命预测,预测值与试验值吻合较好.     

AZ31B/TA15异种材料电阻点焊接头的疲劳寿命预测

对镁合金AZ31B/钛合金TA15异种材料电阻点焊拉剪接头进行了恒幅疲劳测试,并使用扫描电镜观察了疲劳断口特征.在实验中观察到,在不同的载荷水平下,试件有两种失效模式.在实验结果的基础上,对点焊试件建立有限元模型,分析了焊点附近的弹塑性应力应变.进而分别应用缺口应力法和局部应力应变法预测点焊接头的疲劳寿命,并与实验寿命...     

焊接结构疲劳强度和疲劳寿命研究现状及展望

焊接广泛应用于压力容器、车辆等工程结构中,是机械结构重要的连接方式,基于应力的疲劳特性分析是其中的重要问题。综述目前国内外焊接接头疲劳强度理论研究现状,总结和对比各种焊接接头疲劳寿命评价方法优缺点及适用范围,为工程实际应用中分析焊接结构的疲劳寿命及安全性评估提供参考。指出基于应变的结构疲劳寿命预测是未来研究重点。     

结构有限寿命设计法——名义应力法

介绍了一种结构有限寿命设计方法——名义应力法。阐述了名义应力有限寿命设计法的一般步骤,并对设计方法中的几个关键问题如应力谱的简化处理、疲劳寿命的预测等做了详细的介绍。以线性累积损伤法则和应力-寿命曲线为依据,推导出适用于变幅载荷下的有限寿命设计公式。最后通过算例说明采用此方法的优越性。     

基于不同S-N曲线的横向十字焊接接头疲劳寿命预测

通过疲劳分析软件MSC.Fatigue自动生成了3种不同S-N曲线,即试验S-N曲线、经验S-N曲线和标准S-N曲线,考虑了残余应力、平均应力、接头外形对焊接疲劳的影响,并按相关规则修正后对碳钢Q235B十字焊接接头进行了疲劳寿命预测,并进行了比较分析.结果表明,基于MSC.Fatigue的S-N曲线法模拟的焊接接头疲劳损伤部位及损伤程度与试验结果一致;试验S-N曲线预测值与标准S-N曲线预测值偏差在7.9%~28%,与经验S-N曲线预测值偏差3.3%~19%,经验S-N曲线预测结果偏高,而标准S-N曲线预测结果相对比较保守.     

基于结构应力的焊接接头疲劳分析

基于结构应力法对来自相关文献中的16Mn钢十字非承载焊接接头、十字承载接头和纵向立板角焊缝接头的疲劳强度的试验数据进行了分析.推导了适合有限元计算的离散结构应力计算公式,得到焊接接头的结构应力集中系数.证实了该方法具有网格划分不敏感性,给出了应用结构应力法进行疲劳评定时适合上述各类接头的结构应力S-N曲线.结果表明,同名义应力法相比较,采用结构应力表示的焊接接头疲劳试验数据其分散性较小.     

Influences of fine pitch solder joint shape parameters on fatigue life under thermal cycle

1 INTRODUCTION The electronicer industry is driven mainly by the demand for“smaller ,faster ,higher complexi- ty ,lower power consumption and cheaper”[1]. To meet these needs , the demand for smaller size , higher density and higher heat dissipationintegrat- ed circuit (IC) chips is on the rise . With the requirements of high performance and small pack- age size ,the design of IC chips is headed toward higher pin count ,smaller pad size and fine pitch; consequently ,the fine pitch tech…     

Numerical simulation on temperature field for resistance spot welding of non-equal thickness stainless steel

An axisymmetrie finite element model is developed to simulate the temperature field of resistant spot welding according to the process characters of nugget formation of non-equal stainless steel sheets. A simulation method of the interaction of electrical and thermal factors is presented. The spot welding process of nugget formatian is simulated using hard and soft welding technique norms. The heating characters of soft and hard norms determine the differences in the process of nugget formation and determine the finally shape and offset of nugget. Experimental verification shoics that the model prediction agrees well with the practical.     

Fatigue properties of welded joints using steel with high resistance to fatigue crack growth

It has been generally recognized that the fatigue life of welded joints is little influenced by the strength of steels owing to the high-stress concentration and the tensile residual stress near the weld toe. In this paper, improvement of the fatigue life of welded joints using steel with high resistance to fatigue crack growth (ferrite/martensite (F/M) steel) is investigated. F/M steel has a microstructure with an elongated and banded martensite phase distributed in a ferrite matrix and a fatigue crack growth rate of about one-half to one-tenth in the thickness direction, compared with conventional steel. As a result, the fatigue life of an out-of-surface gusset-welded joint increases with the decrease of the fatigue crack growth rate. The fatigue life of welded joints using F/M steel with the highest resistance to fatigue crack growth increases to about twice that of joints using conventional steel. Whereas the fatigue crack growth rate decreases significantly, the fatigue life of welded joints increases only slightly. This can be attributed to the stress ratio independent of the fatigue crack growth rate. In other words, the fatigue crack growth rate of F/M steel increases with the increase of the stress ratio, approaching that of conventional steel. In the case of welded joints, even if a fatigue test is carried out at a low-stress ratio, the region near the weld toe is under a high-stress ratio due to tensile residual stress. Therefore, improvement of the fatigue life of welded joints becomes comparatively small so that the effect of fatigue crack retardation of F/M steel decreases.     

铝合金电阻点焊中点蚀环形成的数值分析

为减少电极点蚀,提高电极寿命,建立了铝合金电阻点焊过程数值模拟的有限元分析模型,利用大型软件ANSYS Workbench考察焊接过程中电极表面温度、电流密度、电极压力的分布情况.结果表明:在电极与工件接触区的边缘处存在电极压力和电流密度集中区,并且此处存在明显的高温现象.由此推断,电极表面上点蚀环的形成主要是由于电极...     

Optimal welding parameters for small-scale resistance spot welding with response surface methodology

In this study, Ti–1Al–1Mn thin foils with thickness of 0.05?mm were welded by small-scale resistance spot welding. Welding current, electrode force and welding time have been changed while other welding parameters remained constant. The welded joints were subjected to tensile shear tests for determining the values of shear force and absorption energy. A quadratic model of response surface methodology based on Box–Behnken design was employed in establishing regression equations between input variables (current, electrode force and time) and output variables (shear force, absorption energy, variance of shear force and variance of absorption energy). The models were satisfied in optimising the welding parameters. Besides, the microstructure analysis on the typical spot welds was also conducted.     

Measurement of dynamic resistance in resistance spot welding

The conventional methods of determining the dynamic resistance were mostly done by measuring the voltage and current at secondary side of transformer in resistance welding machines, in which the measuring set-up normally interferes with the movement of electrode, and the measuring precision is influenced by inductive noise caused by the high welding current. In this study, the dynamic resistance is determined by measuring the voltage at primary side and current at secondary side. This increases the accuracy of measurement because of higher signal-noise ratio, and allows to apply to in-process system without any wires connected to electrodes.     

表面渗钛的镀锌钢板点焊电极寿命试验研究

对Cr-Zr-Cu合金的镀锌钢板点焊电极进行了表面渗钛处理,通过点焊电极寿命试验观测了表面渗钛处理前后镀锌钢板点焊的表面质量和电极端面状况。试验结果表明,采用表面渗钛可以提高镀锌钢板点焊电极的耐磨性和热稳定性,从而延长了电极的寿命。     

Fatigue behaviour and life estimation of Mg/Al ultrasonic spot weld bonding welds

Mg/Al dissimilar joints with favourable static and dynamic mechanical properties were obtained utilising ultrasonic spot welding and ultrasonic spot weld bonding technology. The fatigue behaviour, fatigue failure mode, and typical fatigue fracture surface morphology of Mg/Al ultrasonic spot welding and ultrasonic spot weld bonding joints were compared and observed to get a better understanding of the fatigue failure mechanism. In general, the Mg/Al ultrasonic spot weld bonding joint exhibited better fatigue performance than the ultrasonic spot welding joint. The two kinds of joints presented different fatigue failure modes with decreasing applied load level. A fatigue life prediction model was established, and the fatigue life prediction results were in good agreement with the experimental fatigue results.     

Electrode life of aluminium resistance spot welding in automotive applications: a survey

Short electrode life has been one of the crucial issues for aluminium resistance spot welding in high-volume automobile manufacturing. A fair amount of heat may be generated at the electrode/workpiece interface because of the high electrical contact resistance of the aluminium oxide layers. Correspondingly, rapid electrode degradation is observed due to severe Cu–Al alloying, pitting and cavity during welding. This issue has not yet been fully addressed. This survey focuses on the current studies of understanding and development of electrode life improvement specifically on those that extend electrode life via optimising the electrical contact resistance at the interface, including altering the surface conditions of the workpiece, weld parameters development and weld equipment selections, and new electrode designs, and etc.     

铝合金电阻点焊电极寿命及其烧损原因分析

针对铝合金电阻点焊存在电极烧损和寿命短等缺点,结合国内外相关工作的研究状况,从铝合金点焊电极端面存在的问题、铝合金点焊电极烧损及其影响因素、铝合金点焊电极端面铜铝合金化等方面,分析总结了铝合金点焊电极烧损与寿命短的原因。结果表明:铝合金电阻点焊电极端面与工件界面铜铝合金化是电极烧损及寿命短的主要原因;而探索控制电极端面铜铝合金化反应的措施,是减弱电极烧损程度,提高铝合金电阻点焊电极寿命的重要途径。