标准冲击试样缺口应力场有限元分析

通过大型有限元分析软件ANSYS来研究标准类型缺口冲击试样三维应力场,分析了夏氏V型、梅氏U型、夏氏U型和夏氏钥匙型缺口冲击试样横、纵向中面应力状态及应力集中系数,给出了冲击过程的动态显示。结果表明：标准缺口试样存在着相似的应力状态,横向中面等效应力受应力集中影响,先减小后增大;纵向中面等效应力近乎不变,最大等效应力出现在缺口根部;标准缺口应力集中系数K1是时间的函数,随时间的增加,K1缓慢增大后叉缓慢减小,其中夏氏U型与夏氏钥匙型变化近似重合,应力集中系数最小,梅式U型次之,夏氏V型最大;标准缺口试样对缺口根部达到断裂的响应时间不同,夏氏V型最快,其次是梅氏U型和夏氏U型,夏氏钥匙型最慢。     

热处理工艺参数对不锈钢药芯焊丝拉拔性能的影响

分析了细径不锈钢药芯焊丝拉拔过程中产生扭曲变形的原因。讨论了热处理工艺参数对焊丝拉拔性能影响的规律。得出了焊丝最佳退火处理规范为:950℃×3min,并对退火温度对焊丝微观组织的影响及焊丝微观组织对焊丝拉拔性能的影响进行了分析。     

不同变形方式对药芯焊丝药粉流动变形的影响

结合试验分析了固定模拉拔与辊模拉拔两种不同变形方式对药芯焊丝芯部药粉流动变形的影响，二连式辊模拉拔双向变形有利于药粉的均匀流动，可防止焊丝断粉现象的出现。     

镁合金活性焊丝TIG焊

选择单一成分的常见化合物作为活性剂,涂敷于焊丝表面形成活性焊丝,并进行TIG填丝焊接试验.结果表明,在镁合金活性焊丝TIG焊接过程中,活性剂仍能起到增加焊接熔深的作用.氯化物活性剂对熔深的增加效果最为明显,熔深较普通焊丝增加最大可达3倍以上.研究发现对镁合金TIG焊熔深增加效果好的活性剂的沸点集中于900℃附近区间.用活性焊丝焊接时熔滴与熔池金属的融合能力变差,填丝性能较普通焊丝相比有所降低.     

药芯焊丝的拉拔力计算模型

通过药芯焊丝拉拔应力分析,建立了冷轧钢带法制造药芯焊丝的拉拔力计算模型,分析了影响拉拔力的因素。影响药芯焊丝拉拔的因素很多,其中钢带的力学性质、焊丝的变形程度、拉丝模的内孔尺寸、拉拔速度、摩擦与润滑条件对拉拔应力影响较大。在低速拉拔时,拉拔应力随拉拔速度的增加而增大。中速拉拔时,拉拔应力随拉拔速度的增大而下降。继续增大拉拔速度,拉拔应力变化不大。     

ER70S-6焊丝钢拉拔断裂原因分析

在拉拔ER70S-6焊丝钢的过程中,出现拉拔断裂现象,对ER70S-6焊丝钢的化学成分、气体含量,母材和拉拔断裂试样热酸低倍形貌进行了检验,并利用金相显微镜和扫描电镜对拉拔断裂试样进行分析。结果表明:断裂试样组织出现粒状贝氏体异常组织,同时断口附近表面存在结疤缺陷。在拉拔过程中,异常粒状贝氏体组织和表面结疤缺陷共同作用导致ER70S-6焊丝钢拉拔断裂。     

焊接材料及其生产设备

钛钙型结构钢焊条工艺性分析；焊丝用盘条拉拔断裂分析；管线钢用高等级埋弧焊丝生产工艺；CeF3对自保护药芯焊丝性能的影响；用于焊接和补焊110F13π钢铸件缺陷的粉末焊丝.     

SAl 4047铝硅合金焊丝拉拔退火工艺

采用水平连铸工艺生产的4047铝合金线杆制备SAl 4047铝硅合金焊丝,分析原材料微观组织与力学性能,研究退火温度和保温时间对拉拔至?4.5 mm的硬态铝合金焊丝力学性能、显微组织、拉拔性能的影响,确定最佳退火工艺。结果表明：随着退火温度及保温时间的增加,焊丝强度呈先降低后小幅增加趋势,伸长率呈先增加后降低趋势;退火工艺为300 ℃×2 h时,消除应力效果最佳,焊丝可以实现多道次顺利拉拔。     

CO2气体保护焊丝表面质量分析及润滑材料研究

本文应用电子扫描试验技术及能谱分析方法，从不同工艺条件下生产的镀铜焊丝的表面分析入手，揭示了焊丝表面的形貌，研究和分析了产生缺陷的原因。结果表明，拉拔过程中的固体润滑剂的性能直接影响着表面质量，在此基础上研制出较为理想的长链双分子层结构纽带型润滑剂，提高了润滑的多种性能。本文还对润滑剂层厚度进行了理论计算，并对各物理因素对厚度的影响进行了分析讨论，提出了一种润滑膜厚度的试验分析方法。     

水下焊接焊丝矫直机构设计的有限元分析

缠绕于焊丝盘上的焊丝只有经过矫直,才能顺利地在送丝管中通行,保证焊接质量。送丝系统大都采用三轮矫直,即三点弯曲法反变形,而3个矫直轮之间的距离及相对位置决定了焊丝的矫直质量。本文利用CAD工具辅助建模,采用有限元分析软件MSC.Marc对焊丝进行矫直有限元模拟,将矫直后的焊丝节点坐标拟合,得出矫直后焊丝的形状,最终比较得出三矫直轮之间位置的最佳值,为焊丝矫正系统的设计提供数据支持。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。