三维板横向承载力的试验研究

本文通过对五块标准三维板和十四块配筋三维板的试验研究，探讨了三维板的力学性质和破坏模式，系统研究了板底配筋对横向承载力的提高和对延性的改善。根据试验所得极限状态，提出了标准三维板和配筋三维板的极限承载力计算公式，为扩大三维板的应用范围提供了科学依据。     

三维地质建模以及在边坡工程中的应用

三维地质建模对工程决策、地质分析预测及提高制图效率有非常重要的意义。通过一个工程实例，详细地阐述了三维地质模型的建立过程，包括数据的分析和预处理、表面和实体的生成、断层和地层以及三维地质模型的其他要素的处理。最后，利用GemCom软件平台生成一个适用于实际工程的三维地质模型，并对其进行了检验。另外，提出了使用拉普拉斯插值法和不规则三角网结合的三维表面生成方法，相对于传统的不规则三角网有很大改进。     

基于霍尔三维结构的项目风险管理集成化研究

基于霍尔三维结构的思想，结合项目风险管理的理论和方法，提出了项目风险管理的三维结构——时间维度、逻辑维度和知识维度；在对三维结构中的每一维度进行分析的基础上，给出了项目风险管理集成化逻辑模型。     

基于三维激光扫描和BIM模型在桥梁施工阶段质量管理中的研究

目前我国桥梁在施工阶段的质量管理中存在缺乏可视化的有效监控，信息化数字化技术应用较少，材料物资缺乏有效的监管，信息交流不畅，信息有效利用率低下等问题，因此需要借助先进的施工监测技术和信息管理方法来实现对桥梁施工质量的有效管理，三维激光扫描和BIM模型的结合是最好的选择。首先阐述了三维激光扫描和 BIM在桥梁质量管理中的应用现状，并通过分析指出三维激光扫描结合 BIM模型在桥梁质量管理中的研究和应用分析还较少，有必要开展相应的研究。利用三维激光扫描采集的点云数据和 BIM模型的对接，分析了基于三维激光扫描和 BIM模型在桥梁质量管理中的可行性和必然性。最后以中心滩黄河大桥为例，采用三维激光扫描和 BIM模型在其施工质量管理中的应用，对国内其他桥梁质量管理中采用基于三维激光扫描和 BIM模型具有借鉴意义。     

三维水–土耦合模型在深基坑降水计算中的应用

在广泛分析前人有关本课题研究资料的基础上，对三维水–土耦合模型在深基坑降水计算中的应用进行了研究，并以武汉市中山广场地下过街通道降水工程为例，对其降水过程进行了三维有限元计算。通过对该工程的三维有限元分析表明，三维数值模拟方法能够很好地模拟基坑降水中防渗帷幕、非均质和各向异性等一系列解析法难以处理的实际工程条件。因此，在深基坑降水及其引起地面沉降的计算中，运用数值模拟方法具有重要的现实意义。     

三维植被网生态防护在公路工程中的应用

就三维植被网在路基防护工程中的应用，论述了三维植被网防护边坡的作用机理，重点阐述了三维植被网植草新技术的特点及施工工艺，并对经济效益进行了分析。     

水工结构工程与三维可视化技术

对三维可视化主要内容及其在水工结构应用方面的关键技术进行了分析，并由此推出了水工结构工程三维可视化系统的基本框架，指出数字化、可视化、智能化的三维可视化技术将有很大的应用潜力和空间，可为水工结构工程的建设提供新的设计手段。     

三维有限元并行计算及其工程应用

针对水利工程中的人型复杂三维结构对大规模数值计算的需求，基于J—PCG方法(Jacobi预处理共轭梯度法)，建立了有限元EBE(element-by—element)方法和分布存储并行机上的计算算法。该算法不用考虑网格拓扑结构和单元的排序，同时小形成整体刚度矩阵，而且避免了对复杂的三维结构进行区域分解。采用上述算法编制了三维有限元并行求解的PFEM(parallel finite element method)程序，并在网络机群系统上实现，然后将其应用到二滩拱坝-地琏系统和水布娅地下洞室的三维有限元数值计算中。数值计算结果表明，三维有限元并行EBE方法非常适合于水利工程中三维复杂结构的人规模数值计算。     

岩石块体三维接触判断的侵入边法

在三维单元法、三维不连续变形分析法中，三维块体的接触判断是关键的问题之一。对三维凸多面体的所有接触形式进行了分类，提出了一种三维块体接触判断的侵入边法。给出了侵入边法的原理、方法实施步骤及识别接触形式的方法。通过论证和算例表明，所提出的方法计算工作量小、鲁棒性好，容易于计算机实现。     

顾及大气折光和垂线偏差影响的工程三维网平差

本文研究了大气折光和垂线偏差对工程三维网的精度产生的影响，根据不同的三维网平差模型对两个实测网进行了平差计算，并通过比较和分析，得出了一些有益的结论。     

与城市的契合——枣庄新城司法局综合办公楼方案设计

本文从城市地段研究出发，探讨如何从地块限定条件分析入手对建筑周边环境、空间结构、三维形态进行整合，创造富有特色的建筑空间。     

粗放规划下的人为无序增殖——花溪城市形态浅析

以贵阳花溪为研究对象,用城市形态学的方法探讨花溪城市化进程。通过对现有城市形态的分析,指出建国后城市化发展过程中存在着一种“人为无序增殖”模式,正是在这种城市发展机制的支配之下,造成了花溪城市面貌的模糊单调和街区内部的紊乱无序。同时认为,同样的城市化进程在国内其他城市普遍存在,在二维的城市形态和三维的城市空间方面都有所反映,这也是造成国内城市面貌趋同主要原因之一。     

Addressing the Skills Shortage Problem of the South African Tourism and Hospitality Industry: An Evaluation of the Effectiveness of the 2007/2008 SA Host Training Program in the Western Cape Province

The issue of skills shortage has been central to the discussions on economic growth and development in South Africa. Education and skills development are listed as one of the seven “Priorities for Intervention” constraints in the 2006 Accelerated and Shared Growth Initiative for South Africa. The objectives of this study were to establish the competency levels of tourism/hospitality industry employees on a list of nontechnical hospitality skills, assess the skills gap between employer expectations and employee performance on these skills, evaluate the impact of the 2007/2008 SA Host training program in reducing that gap and improving employee skills. The results showed an improvement in employee performance and a reduction in the skills gaps after the training.     

Resolving the UK construction skills crisis: a critical perspective on the research and policy agenda

The ongoing skills crisis in the UK construction industry has constrained the productive capacity of the industry. Past research and skills policies have largely failed to develop an understanding of the realities of the skills crisis at the grassroots level. Solutions offered by researchers and policy makers have previously had little demonstrable impact in addressing skills concerns. Much of these policies seems disconnected from the realities experienced by employers and by those working in the industry. A critical perspective on resolving the skills crisis is offered. A set of mutually reinforcing research and policy initiatives are proposed, including the need for researchers and policy makers to move away from the conventionally national approach in addressing the skills problem and to engage in genuine, joined‐up thinking that meets the needs of local regions. Furthermore, employers and employees are called to be reflective practitioners in their participation of the skills development agenda. Adopting these recommendations could overcome many shortcomings in research and policy that have hitherto done little to combat the construction skills crisis.     

养老机构工作人员消防技能影响因素分析

为解决养老机构工作人员消防技能匮乏且提高不显著等现实问题,本文针对养老机构工作人员消防安全技能评估及其可能影响因素设计了调查问卷,建立关于消防技能的结构方程模型,研究了影响养老机构工作人员消防技能的主要因素。调查结果分析表明：加强养老机构的消防教育培训、增大消防参与的力度对提升工作人员消防安全知识和消防技能具有重要作用;良好的消防态度能够促进消防安全知识的学习和消防技能的灵活运用;当前养老机构消防培训流于形式而导致其成效不显著,使得工作人员消防安全知识的储备量没有达到消防技能的要求。建议养老机构通过建立消防安全制度、营造消防安全氛围、加强消防教育培训实效、增加消防演练频次等方面,达到切实提高消防技能的目标,为养老机构消防安全保驾护航。     

Rehearsal-plus: Coping with fire emergencies and reducing fire-related fears

The relative impact of two experimental conditions—rehearsal-plus and behavioral rehearsal—was assessed to determine their influence on acquiring and maintaining fire evacuation skills, as well as reducing fire-related fears. These experimental conditions were compared with two control groups, attention control and wait-list control. The subjects were 40 second- and third-grade children who were randomly assigned to the four groups. Behavioral rehearsal subjects received fire evacuation skills training and verbally rehearsed these skills. Rehearsal-plus subjects were taught fire evacuation skills and a strategy targeting reduction of fire-related fears. Attention control and wait-list control subjects were not taught evacuations skills or fear reduction. All subjects' evacuation skills and fear of fire-related stimuli were assessed at pre-, post-, and follow-up tests. No pretest differences were observed. At post-test, the rehearsal-plus group reported significantly more fear reduction than the other three groups. Behavioral rehearsal and rehearsal-plus groups displayed significantly more evacuation skills than the control groups. At follow-up, the rehearsal-plus group had retained more of their evacuation skills than the control groups; no differences were found among groups concerning fear reduction at this time. We concluded that rehearsal-plus appears to be useful in acquiring and maintaining fire evacuation skills, as well as reducing fire-related fears.Please send reprint requests to Dr. Russell T. Jones, Psychology Department, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0436.     

工程索赔证据技巧探究

简单介绍了工程索赔证据的前瞻性判别技巧,从投标过程的索赔证据收集与把握合同文件的索赔证据导向两方面探讨了投标及合同签订的技巧,并归纳总结了工程索赔证据在低报价时的运作及补救技巧,以供参考。     

中美工程管理专业实践教学比较研究

工程企业对工程管理专业学生实践能力的要求普遍较高,但目前工程管理人才培养一直存在重课堂理论、轻工程实践的问题,而美国工程教育界非常注重对学生实践能力的培养。文章采用对比分析法对中美两国工程管理专业实践教学的课程设置、教学组织进行了对比,总结了中美两国工程管理专业实践教学实施效果的差异,并为中国工程管理专业实践教学提出了一些改革建议。     

Skills for managing safety risk,implementing safety task,and developing positive safety climate in construction project

The aim of this research is to understand what skills project management team should develop in order to manage construction safety risks, implement safety tasks, and develop safety climate. A review on current literature was conducted to develop a hypothetical skill model. Structural equation modelling method was used to test the hypotheses and develop the skill model. The results supported the research hypotheses by showing that the skill components positively influence safety management task implementation and safety climate development. The results further revealed that self-awareness, visioning, and apparent sincerity are the foundation skills and precursors of scoping and integration and self-management, which are the first-tier mediator skills. The second tier mediator skills include social awareness, social astuteness, and relationship management. It is suggested that construction organisations incorporate the training of these skills in their human resource development programs and that tertiary education institutions consider these skills in their construction management related curriculum.     

工程投标的决策和技巧分析

从投标人的角度出发,在介绍投标决策和主要投标技巧的基础上,通过案例分析进一步说明合理运用投标技巧的重要性,在投标过程中将几种投标技巧结合使用,往往既能提高中标率又可获得最大利润。