凹凸棒石粘土在双组分聚氨酯涂料中的应用

考察凹凸棒石粘土(简称凹土)替代立德粉作为聚氨酯涂料填料的可行性,进行了遮盖力、光泽度、硬度、附着力、冲击强度等指标测试。结果表明,凹土经简单热处理即可用于聚氨酯涂料,替代部分立德粉;凹土1#填充性能与滑石粉相当,优于凹土2#和碳酸钙、高岭土、云母石、硫酸钡的填充性能。在获得同等涂料性能条件下,凹土1#对立德粉的最大替代量为50%,凹土2#添加量可达35%。     

聚氨酯文献题录(三十五)

<正>助磨剂对凹土在聚氨酯革中填充性能的影响.中国塑料,2008,22(3):78-81.六官能UV固化聚氨酯丙烯酸酯的合成.热固性树脂,2008,23(2):19-22.     

超细重质碳酸钙填充聚氨酯合成革的研究

通过力学测试和SEM，考察了超细重质碳酸钙(下简称超细重钙)填充的湿法聚氨酯合成革的力学性能和微观结构，结果表明：超细钙能够均匀地分散于聚氨酯树脂中，填充性能优于轻质碳酸钙填充的革，和木质素相当，超细重钙是聚氨酯合成革(下简称PU革)良好的填充剂。     

热压烧结制备高密度ZrB2陶瓷

在烧结温度和压力为1950℃和50MPa条件下,分别对ZrB2的原始粉末、球磨粉末、加助烧剂的粉末以及既加助烧剂又进行球磨的粉末进行热压烧结实验。采用阿基米德排水法测出了ZrB2陶瓷的密度;利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)、能谱(EDS)等手段对粉体和烧结产物的物相、形貌以及成分进行了表征。结果表明:球磨且加助烧剂镍的粉体烧结所得样品致密性最好,相对密度为99.375%,接近全致密;球磨细粉烧结所得样品次之,相对密度为99.09%;添加助烧剂粉末烧结所得样品相对密度为91.45%;用原始粉末烧结所得样品致密性最差,相对密度为84.7%。采用排水法所测得密度结果与扫描电镜观察所得致密性情况一致。     

常用助磨剂在锆英粉干法球磨加工中的应用

文章对助磨剂的作用机理、国内助磨剂的研究及应用状况、助磨剂在锆英砂干法球磨加工存在的问题进行了介绍和分析,研究了六偏磷酸钠、聚丙烯酰胺、十二烷基苯磺酸钠、硬脂酸钠、三乙醇胺、乙二醇、自制助磨剂A等常用助磨剂在锆英砂干法球磨加工中的助磨效果。结果表明,上述助磨剂皆可在锆英砂干法球磨加工起到助磨作用,其助磨效果随着助磨剂加入量的增加呈逐渐减缓增加的趋势。其中,三乙醇胺、自制助磨剂A表现出更加的助磨效果。     

海管节点填充用全水高密度开孔聚氨酯泡沫的研究

以聚醚多元醇、匀泡剂、开孔剂、催化剂、增塑剂和多亚甲基多苯基多异氰酸酯(PAPI)为原料制备了海管节点填充用全水发泡高密度开孔聚氨酯泡沫塑料。探讨了聚醚多元醇、匀泡剂与开孔剂、催化剂、增塑剂的选择和用量、自由发泡密度及过填充度对聚氨酯模压泡沫表观芯密度、泡沫状态、开孔率及压缩强度的影响。结果表明：聚醚多元醇C310 30份、聚醚R6350 30份、聚醚F330N 40份、匀泡剂S28 1份、开孔剂O-1 0.4份、催化剂C6 0.4份、催化剂C7 0.2份、催化剂C1 0.1份、增塑剂T2 10份、自由发泡密度为145 kg/m³、过填充度为20.7%时，制备的模压泡沫材料表观芯密度为175 kg/m³、开孔率91%、压缩强度2.2 MPa,能较好地满足海管节点填充的应用。     

凹凸棒石粘土助磨超细粉碎的研究

分别选择无机系列硅酸钠等、有机系列硬脂酸等试剂作为盱眙产优质凹凸棒石粘土（下简称凹土）超细粉碎的助磨剂,选用行星式球磨粉碎机作为凹土超细粉碎的研究设备,分别考察助磨剂对凹土机械法超细粉碎的影响。用激光粒度仪检测粉碎样品的粒度变化,用扫描电镜、傅立叶红外光谱考察了晶体结构和形貌的变化。     

一种以铝矾土为原料制备白色研磨介质的方法

本发明公开了一种以铝矾土为原料制备白色研磨介质的方法。原料质量分数为铝矾土75％～95％；增塑剂1％～10％；助熔剂1％～20％。增塑剂为高岭土、粘土和人造增塑剂中的一种；助熔剂为三聚磷酸钠以及CaCO3、BaCO3、烧滑石、轻烧氧化镁中的一种或多种。（1）将铝矾土放入球磨罐球磨，然后将球磨所得料浆烘干；（2）在（1）步所得的料中加入增塑剂和助熔剂一起球磨，然后取出料浆烘干；     

超细煤粉填充聚氨酯泡沫材料的性能

以聚合MDI和聚醚多元醇为原料,优选发泡剂,加入改性超细煤粉作为填充剂,制备出硬质聚氨酯泡沫材料。通过测试煤粉填充聚氨酯泡沫材料的表观密度、回弹率、压缩强度和氧指数进行分析。结果表明,发泡剂H用量0.1 g时制备的聚氨酯泡沫压缩强度、回弹率较好;加入KH550和KH560改性的超细煤粉,随着煤粉用量增加,聚氨酯泡沫的压缩强度、氧指数得到明显改善。当KH560改性煤粉用量为15份时,聚氨酯性能最优,压缩强度达到0.40MPa,氧指数达到21%,回弹率为5.4%,密度为0.064 g/cm~3。     

改性凹土基碳钢表面涂料的制备与性能研究

以d_(50)=3. 5μm的盱眙凹土粉为原料,经提纯、改性处理后,添加不同量的铝矾土、氧化锆、二氧化硅、碳粉、聚丙烯酸铵、甲基纤维素等,经球磨制成固含量为50%(w)的防氧化涂料,并进行了干燥试验和对碳钢片的氧化试验。结果表明:1)在凹土粉末中添加少量六偏磷酸钠和吐温20型活性剂,经球磨、超声处理、离心过滤可制得提纯凹土粉,使凹凸棒石含量(w)由提纯前的15%提高到55%。2)在提纯后的凹土粉中加入硬脂酸、二甲苯、异丙醇、非离子型表面活性剂(聚氧乙烯油醇醚型),经搅拌、加热、过滤、烘干,可制得改性凹土粉末,其矿物杂质包裹很少,棒状晶较短,交叠少,分散性好。3)从涂料的干燥性和防氧化性考虑,凹土基涂料的较优配比(w)为:改性凹土粉50%、铝矾土10%、氧化锆5%、二氧化硅15%、无定形碳粉5%、片状碳粉5%、硅酸钠5%、分散剂5%。涂覆该涂料的碳钢片在1 000℃保温2 h氧化后的脱碳层厚度只有0. 05 mm,说明该涂料能较好地抑制碳钢的高温脱碳氧化。     

Preparation and cell morphology of ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/wood‐flour foams with low density

The main objective of this study is to obtain ethylene‐vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)/wood‐flour foams with low density (< 0.2 g/cm³) using chemical blowing agent. Stearic acid was used as a compatibilizer to improve not only the compatibility between wood‐flour and EVA but also the compatibility between moisture and EVA in this study. The effects of wood‐flour content on the density and mechanical properties of EVA/wood‐flour foams were studied. Also, the effects of content of stearic acid on the cell morphology of EVA/wood‐flour foams were investigated. The shape of EVA/wood‐flour foams with 20% wood‐flour content becomes more uniform with increasing content of stearic acid. The most stabilized shape of the foams is obtained with 5 wt % stearic acid content. The density of EVA/wood‐flour foams with 20% wood‐flour and 5 wt % stearic acid is 0.11 g/cm³. With increasing content of stearic acid, more gas remains in the EVA matrix and consequently, average cell size and density increase. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40894.     

无溶剂法合成二甘醇葡萄糖苷硬脂酸酯

在无溶剂条件下 ,以硬脂酸钠作为催化剂 ,利用二甘醇葡萄糖苷与硬脂酸直接酯化合成二甘醇葡萄糖苷硬脂酸酯 ,在反应温度为 180℃ ,反应时间 10h ,催化剂用量为反应物总质量11 1%的条件下 ,硬脂酸的转化率达 95 0 %     

硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺的二步法合成研究

以硬脂酸与乙醇胺为原料 ,采用二步法合成硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺的反应优化条件是 :硬脂酸与乙醇胺的总的物质的量比为 1∶1 1 ;第一步反应中 ,硬脂酸与乙醇胺的物质的量比控制在 1∶0 7,温度为 1 70℃ ,反应 4h ;第二步反应中 ,加入剩余的乙醇胺 ,温度为 1 0 0℃ ,催化剂KOH用量为 0 0 76mol mol硬脂酸 ,反应 4h。硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺的产率可达到 86 9% ,终产物的熔点为 88～ 90℃。     

硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚葡萄糖苷的制备及表征

以硬脂酸、单乙醇胺、环氧乙烷、葡萄糖为原料制备了硬脂酸单乙醇酰胺聚氧乙烯醚糖苷类系列产物,中间产物和目标产物结构经IR、1HNMR表征。标题系列化合物在国内外属首次合成,是高档的非离子表面活性剂。     

Fabrication of poly(lactic acid)/graphene oxide/stearic acid composites with improved tensile strength

For the purpose of the development of poly(lactic acid)/graphene oxide composites with improved tensile properties, a stearic acid compatibilizer was used to enhance the compatibility of the graphene oxide sheets with the poly(lactic acid) polymer matrix. Graphene oxide was modified with stearic acid at different mass ratios of 1:1, 1:3, and 1:5 prior to forming the composites with poly(lactic acid). Characterization showed positive effects of stearic acid attached to GO in every mass ratio and also enhanced compatibility with the poly(lactic acid) matrix. Stearic acid could strengthen the interfacial interactions between the flat graphene oxide sheets and the poly(lactic acid) matrix resulting in improved tensile strength. The tensile strength of the poly(lactic acid)/graphene oxide/stearic acid composite with a mass ratio of graphene oxide and stearic acid 1:1 increased by 32% compared to poly(lactic acid) alone. Based on these results, the graphene oxide/stearic acid composites show potential for use as nanosheet fillers for tensile strength enhancement in poly(lactic acid). POLYM. COMPOS., 38:2272–2282, 2017. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Improvement of toughness properties of polypropylene/wollastonite composites using an interface modifier

The effects of type of processing of polypropylene (PP)/wollastonite composites on mechanical properties and dispersion state were investigated. The concentration in weight of the filler in the compounds was of 2.5%, 5%, and 10%, respectively. Stearic acid was used as an interface modifier for the PP–wollastonite system. Wollastonite was also modified with stearic acid. The infrared spectra did not show any chemical changes between unmodified and modified wollastonites. The interactions between wollastonite and stearic acid were mainly physical. The compounds with interface modifier (stearic acid) showed the higher values in impact strength and elongation at break, as well as the best dispersion state. Qualitative chemical analysis on scanning electronic microscopy detected the presence of the acid stearic in the interface. POLYM. COMPOS., 35:1184–1192, 2014. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Influence of stearic acid on postprandial lipemia and hemostatic function

It has been suggested that fats rich in stearic acid may result in exaggerated postprandial lipenia and have adverse effects on hemostatic function. The effects of test meals containing different saturated and monounsaturated FA were compared in healthy subjects in a series of studies to investigate this hypothesis. Stearic acid, when present as cocoa butter, resulted in similar postprandial lipemia and factor VII activation compared with a meal containing high-oleic sunflower oil. Stearic acid when presented as shea butter or as randomized stearate-rich TAG resulted in decreased postprandial lipemia and decreased postprandial activation of factor VII. Stearic acid-rich test meals did not result in impaired fibrinolytic activity compared with either a lowfat meal or a meal high in oleate. The difference in responses between the different stearic acid-rich fats appears to be due to varying solid fat contents of the fats at 37°C.     

Effect of food emulsifiers on crystal structure and habit of stearic acid

Several food emulsifiers have been found to serve as crystal structure modifiers for stearic acid crystallized from various organic solvents. Stearic acid that usually precipitates under appropriate crystallization conditions as the B- form is converted into the C- form when 1- 5% of sorbitan esters or ethoxylated sorbitan esters of fatty acids are present in the solution. Other emulsifiers such as polyglycerol esters, bdsubstituted monoglycerides and sucrose esters of fatty acids consisting of bulky hydrophilic groups are also effective emulsifiers in preserving the C- form of the crystallized stearic acid. The active emulsifiers modify the external crystal habit of stearic acid. Mass spectrograph analysis indicates that sorbitan monostearate (Span 60) is precipitated with the stearic acid.     

Beitrag zu den Grundlagen der Lösungs-Kristallisation von Stearinsäure

Contribution to the Fundaments of Solvent Cristallization of Stearic Acid After a short review of the informations available concerning the habit and polymorphism of the three polymorphs of stearic acid, more recent results are discussed. From exact determinations of the solubility of stearic acid in decane, methanol and butanone, it was possible to calculate the stability regions of the three polymorphs. The enthalpies of dissolution as calculated from the solubility were checked by direct solution calorimetry. The determination of the occurrence domains of the polymorphs showed the A and C polymorph to precipitate preferentially at room temperature. It could be shown for the (110) face of stearic acid growing from butanone solutions, that surface diffusion is the rate controlling step. The differences in the growth behaviour between the B and C polymorph are not yet fully understood.