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1.
You-Hsin Chen Thi Ngoc Lan Thao Ngo Kung-Yuh Chiang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14083-14095
This research provides a perspective on sludge-to-energy using sewage sludge (SS) and industrial wastewater sludge (IS) co-gasification in a pilot-scale fluidized bed gasifier with temperature controlled at (600–800 °C) using IS addition ratio (0%–60%), and steam-to-biomass ratio (S/B) (0–1.0). The experimental results show that the increase in thermal reaction activity occurred in concordance with the increase in the IS addition. The explanation for such phenomena is that relatively high catalytic Fe/Mn content in industrial wastewater sludge could lower the activation energy. Hydrogen production was increased from 9.1% to 11.94% with an increase in industrial wastewater sludge ratios from 0% to 60%. The produced gas heating value ranged from 4.84 MJ/Nm3 to 5.11 MJ/Nm3, which was coupled with the cold gas efficiency (CGE) ranging from 33.91% to 36.15%. Enhanced hydrogen production in sewage sludge and industrial wastewater sludge co-gasification is investigated in this study. 相似文献
2.
Samantha Christine Santos Paula Rúbia Ferreira Rosa Isabel Kimiko Sakamoto Maria Bernadete Amâncio Varesche Edson Luiz Silva 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2014
The aim of this study was to promote biohydrogen production in an thermophilic anaerobic fluidized bed reactor (AFBR) at 55 °C using a mixture of sugar cane stillage and glucose at approximately 5000–5300 mg COD L−1. During a reduction in the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 8, 6, 4, 2 and 1 h, H2 yields of 5.73 mmol g CODadded−1 were achieved (at HRT of 4 h, with organic loading rate of 52.7 kg COD m−3 d−1). The maximum volumetric H2 production of 0.78 L H2 h−1 L−1 was achieved using stillage as carbon source. In all operational phases, the H2 average content in the biogas was between 31.4 and 52.0%. Butyric fermentation was the predominant metabolic pathway. The microbial community in accordance with the DGGE bands profile was found similarity coefficient between 91 and 95% without significant changes in bacterial populations after co-substrate removal. Bacteria like Thermoanaerobacterium sp. and Clostridium sp. were identified. 相似文献
3.
Yung Chung Lo Chi-Yu Huang Tzu-Ning Fu Chun-Yen Chen Jo-Shu Chang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2009
Hydrogen gas was produced via dark fermentation from natural cellulosic materials and α-cellulose via a two-step process, in which the cellulosic substrates were first hydrolyzed by an isolated cellulolytic bacterium Clostridium strain TCW1, and the resulting hydrolysates were then used as substrate for fermentative H2 production. The TCW1 strain was able to hydrolyze all the cellulosic materials examined to produce reducing sugars (RS), attaining the best reducing sugar production yield of 0.65 g reducing sugar/g substrate from hydrolysis of α-cellulose. The hydrolysates of those cellulosic materials were successfully converted to H2 via dark fermentation using seven H2-producing bacterial isolates. The bioH2 production performance was highly dependent on the type of cellulosic feedstock used, the initial reducing sugar concentration (CRS,o) (ranging from 0.7 to 4.5 mg/l), as well as the composition of sugar and soluble metabolites present in the cellulosic hydrolysates. It was found that Clostridium butyricum CGS5 displayed the highest H2-producing efficiency with a cumulative H2 production of 270 ml/l from α-cellulose hydrolysate (CRS,o = 4.52 mg/l) and a H2 yield of 7.40 mmol/g RS (or 6.66 mmol/g substrate) from napier grass hydrolysate (CRS,o = 1.22 g/l). 相似文献
4.
Phatlapha Thanwised Wanpen Wirojanagud Alissara Reungsang 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2012
This study evaluated hydrogen production and chemical oxygen demand removal (COD removal) from tapioca wastewater using anaerobic mixed cultures in anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). The ABR was conducted based on the optimum condition obtained from the batch experiment, i.e. 2.25 g/L of FeSO4 and initial pH of 9.0. The effects of the varying hydraulic retention times (HRT: 24, 18, 12, 6 and 3 h) on hydrogen production and COD removal in a continuous ABR were operated at room temperature (32.3 ± 1.5 °C). Hydrogen production rate (HPR) increased with a reduction in HRT i.e. from 164.45 ± 4.14 mL H2/L.d (24 h HRT) to 883.19 ± 7.89 mL H2/L.d (6 h HRT) then decreased to 748.54 ± 13.84 mL H2/L.d (3 h HRT). COD removal increased with reduction in HRT i.e. from 14.02 ± 0.58% (24 h HRT) to 29.30 ± 0.84% (6 h HRT) then decreased to 21.97 ± 0.94% (3 h HRT). HRT of 6 h was the optimum condition for ABR operation as indicated. 相似文献
5.
Lucas Rodrigues Ramos Edson Luiz Silva 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(29):13081-13089
The co-fermentation of vinasse and cheese whey (CW) was evaluated in this study by using two thermophilic (55° C) anaerobic fluidized bed reactors (AFBRs). In AFBR using vinasse and CW (AFBR-V-CW), the CW was added in increasing proportions (2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g COD.L?1) to vinasse (10 g COD.L?1) to assess the advantage of adding CW to vinasse. By decreasing the hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 8 h to 1 h in AFBR-V, maximum hydrogen yield (HY), production rate (HPR), and H2 content (H2%) of 1.01 ± 0.06 mmol H2.g COD?1, 2.54 ± 0.39 L H2.d?1.L?1, and 47.3 ± 2.9%, respectively, were observed at an HRT of 6 h. The increase in CW concentration to values over 2 g COD.L?1 in AFBR-V-CW decreased the HY, PVH, and H2%, with observed maximum values of 0.82 ± 0.07 mmol H2.g COD?1, 1.41 ± 0.24 L H2.d?1.L?1, and 55.5 ± 3.7%, respectively, at an HRT of 8 h. The comparison of AFBR-V-CW and AFBR-V showed that the co-fermentation of vinasse with 2 g COD.L?1 of CW increased the HPR, H2%, and HY by 117%, 68%, and 82%, respectively. 相似文献
6.
Wirginia Tomczak Jean-Henry Ferrasse Marie-Thérèse Giudici-Orticoni Audrey Soric 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2018,43(41):18883-18895
The present paper reports on results obtained from experiments carried out in a laboratory-scale anaerobic packed bed biofilm reactor (APBR), with recirculation of the liquid phase, for continuously biohydrogen production via dark fermentation. The reactor was filled with Kaldnes® biofilm carrier and inoculated with an anaerobic mesophilic sludge from a urban wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). The APBR was operated at a temperature of 37 °C, without pH buffering. The effect of theoretical hydraulic retention time (HRT) from 1 to 5 h on hydrogen yield (HY), hydrogen production rate (HPR), substrate conversion and metabolic pathways was investigated. This study indicates the possibility of enhancing hydrogen production by using APBR with recirculation flow. Among respondents values of HRT the highest average values of HY (2.35 mol H2/mol substrate) and HPR (0.085 L h?1L?1) have been obtained at HRT equal to 2 h. 相似文献
7.
In this study, biofuels (hydrogen and ethanol) fermentation from glucose and xylose by extreme thermophiles in an Up-flow Anaerobic Sludge Bed (UASB) reactor was successfully demonstrated. Autoclaved methanogenic granules were used as carriers for the extreme thermophiles. High yields of hydrogen and ethanol were achieved at various HRTs from 24 h to 6 h. The highest hydrogen production rate of 121 ± 23 mL/(L h) and highest ethanol production rate of 6.7 ± 1.2 mmol/(L h) were observed at HRT = 12 h. The highest simultaneous hydrogen and ethanol yields were 0.58 ± 0.11 mol H2/(mol hexose) and 0.72 ± 0.13 mol ethanol/(mol hexose), reaching a total energy yield of 1151 kJ/mol hexose. The substrate conversion efficiency was maintained over 90% at three HRTs (24, 18, and 12 h). 相似文献
8.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2022,47(31):14243-14256
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the organic loading rate (OLR) (60, 90, and 120 g Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). L?1. d?1) on hydrogen production from cheese whey and glycerol fermentation as cosubstrates (50% cheese whey and 50% glycerol on a COD basis) in a thermophilic fluidized bed reactor (55 °C). The increase in the OLR to 90 gCOD.L?1. d?1 favored the hydrogen production rate (HPR) (3.9 L H2. L?1. d?1) and hydrogen yield (HY) (1.7 mmol H2. gCOD?1app) concomitant with the production of butyric and acetic acids. Employing 16S rRNA gene sequencing, the highest hydrogen production was related to the detection of Thermoanaerobacterium (34.9%), Pseudomonas (14.5%), and Clostridium (4.7%). Conversely, at 120 gCOD.L?1. d?1, HPR and HY decreased to 2.5 L H2. L?1. d?1 and 0.8 mmol H2. gCOD?1app, respectively, due to lactic acid production that was related to the genera Thermoanaerobacterium (50.91%) and Tumebacillus (23.56%). Cofermentation favored hydrogen production at higher OLRs than cheese whey single fermentation. 相似文献
9.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(33):17742-17749
Hydraulic retention time (HRT) is the main process parameter for biohydrogen production by anaerobic fermentation. This paper investigated the effect of the different HRT on the hydrogen production of the ethanol-type fermentation process in two kinds of CSTR reactors (horizontal continuous stirred-tank reactor and vertical continuous stirred-tank reactor) with molasses as a substrate. Two kinds of CSTR reactors operated with the organic loading rates (OLR) of 12kgCOD/m3•d under the initial HRT of the 8 h condition, and then OLR was adjusted as 6kgCOD/m3•d when the pH drops rapidly. The VCSTR and HCSTR have reached the stable ethanol-type fermentation process within 21 days and 24 days respectively. Among the five HRTs settled in the range of 2–8 h, the maximum hydrogen production rate of 3.7LH2/Ld and 5.1LH2/Ld were investigated respectively in the VCSTR and HCSTR. At that time the COD concentration and HRT were 8000 mg/L and 5 h for VCSTR, while 10000 mg/L and 4 h for HCSTR respectively.Through the analysis on the composition of the liquid fermentation product and biomass under the different HRT condition in the two kinds of CSTR, it can found that the ethanol-type fermentation process in the HCSTR is more stable than VCSTR due to enhancing biomass retention of HCSTR at the short HTR. 相似文献
10.
The temperature effect (37–65 °C) on H2 production from glucose in an open-mixed culture bioreactor using an enrichment culture from a hot spring was studied. The dynamics of microbial communities was investigated by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). At 45 and 60 °C the H2 production was the highest i.e. 1.71 and 0.85 mol H2/mol glucose, respectively. No H2 was produced at temperatures 50 and 55 °C. At 37–45 °C, H2 production was produced by butyrate type fermentation while fermentation mechanism changed to ethanol type at 60 °C. Clostridium species were dominant at 37–45 °C while at 50–55 °C and 60 °C the culture was dominated by Bacillus coagulans and Thermoanaerobacterium, respectively. In the presence of B. Coagulans the metabolism was directed to lactate production. The results show that the mixed culture had two optima for H2 production and that the microbial communities and metabolic patterns promptly changed according to changing temperatures. 相似文献
11.
Ji-Fei Xu Nan-Qi Ren Ai-Jie Wang Jie Qiu Qing-Liang Zhao Yu-Jie Feng Bing-Feng Liu 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2010,35(24):13467-13474
A novel mesophilic hydrogen-producing bacterium was isolated from cow dung compost and designated as Clostridium sp. HR-1 by 16S rRNA gene sequence. The optimum condition for hydrogen production by strain HR-1 was pH of 6.5, temperature of 37 °C and yeast extract as nitrogen sources. The strain HR-1 has the ability to utilize kinds of hexose and pentose as carbon sources for growth and H2 production. Cell growth and hydrogen productivity were investigated for batch fermentation on media containing different ratios of xylose and glucose. Glucose was the preferred substrate in the glucose and xylose mixtures. The high glucose fraction had higher cell biomass production rate. The rate of glucose consumption was higher than xylose consumption, and remained essentially constant independent of xylose content of the mixture. The rate of xylose utilization was decreased with increasing of the glucose fraction. The average H2 yield and specific H2 production rates with xylose and glucose are 1.63 mol-H2/mol xylose and 11.14-H2 mmol/h g-cdw, and 2.02 mol-H2/mol-glucose and 9.37 mmol-H2/h g-cdw, respectively. Using the same initial substrate concentration, the maximum average H2 yield and specific H2 production rates with the mixtures of 9 g/l xylose and 3 g/l glucose was 2.01 mol-H2/mol-mixed sugar and 12.56 mmol-H2/h g-cdw, respectively. During the fermentation, the main soluble microbial products were ethanol and acetate which showed trends with the different ratios of xylose and glucose. 相似文献
12.
A series of batch experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and glucose concentrations on biological hydrogen production by using the natural sludge obtained from the bed of a local river as inoculant. Batch experiments numbered series I and II were designed at an initial and constant pH of 5.0–7.0 with 1.0 increment and four different glucose concentrations (5.0, 7.5, 10 and 20 g glucose/L). The results showed that the optimal condition for anaerobic fermentative hydrogen production is 7.5 g glucose/L and constant pH 6.0 with a maximum H2 production rate of 0.22 mol H2 mol−1 glucose h−1, a cumulative H2 yield of 1.83 mol H2 mol−1 glucose and a H2 percentage of 63 in biogas. 相似文献
13.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2019,44(1):136-143
The aim of the study is biohydrogen production from hydrolyzed waste wheat by dark fermentation in a continuously operated up-flow packed bed reactor. For this purpose, the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on the rate (RH2) and yield (YH2) of hydrogen gas formation were investigated. In order to determine the most suitable hydraulic retention time yielding the highest hydrogen formation, the reactor was operated between HRT = 1 h and 8 h. The substrate was the acid hydrolyzed wheat powder (AHWP). Waste wheat was sieved down to 70 μm size (less than 200 mesh) and acid hydrolyzed at pH = 2 and 90 °C in an autoclave for 15 min. The sugar solution obtained from hydrolysis of waste wheat was used as substrate at the constant concentration of 15 g/L after neutralization and nutrient addition for biohydrogen production by dark fermentation. The microbial growth support particle was aquarium biological sponge (ABS). Heat-treated anaerobic sludge was used as inoculum. Total gas volume and hydrogen percentage in total gas, hydrogen gas volume, total sugar and total volatile fatty acid concentrations in the feed and in the effluent of the system were monitored daily throughout the experiments. The highest yield and rate of productions were obtained as YH2 = 645.7 mL/g TS and RH2 = 2.51 L H2/L d at HRT = 3 h, respectively. 相似文献
14.
15.
Miriam Tena Montserrat Perez Rosario Solera 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(11):7810-7820
The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) on hydrogen production from sewage sludge:wine vinasse (50:50 v/v) in a laboratory-scale continuously stirred tank reactor under thermophilic conditions. For this purpose, nine HRT ranging from 5.0 to 0.25 days were tested. Maximum hydrogen production and specific hydrogen production of 0.90 LH2/Lreactor/d and 35.19 mLH2/g VSadded were respectively obtained at a HRT of 0.5 days. Eubacteria was the main group (65–79%) for all the tested HRT. Decreasing HRT was inversely correlated with hydrogen production and microbial population. HRT of 0.5 days is optimal for the growth of the acidogenic population and therefore this population is more active and maximum microbial activity (15.28·10?10 LH2/cells) was also achieved at this HRT. 相似文献
16.
Van Giang Tran Chen-Yeon Chu Yuwalee Unpaprom Rameshprabu Ramaraj Tsung-Hsien Chen 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2021,46(27):14036-14044
This study aims to investigate the effect of substrate concentration and hydraulic retention time (HRT) on hydrogen production in a continuous anaerobic bioreactor from unhydrolyzed common reed (Phragmites australis) an invasive wetland and perennial grass. The bioreactor has capacity of 1 L and working volume of 600 mL. It was operated at pH 5.5, temperature at 37 °C, hydraulic retention time (HRT) 12 h, and variation of substrate concentration from 40, 50, and 60 g COD/L, respectively. Afterward, the HRT was then varied from 12, 8, to 4 h for checking the optimal biohydrogen production. Each condition was run until reach steady state on hydrogen production rate (HPR) which based on hydrogen percentage and daily volume. The results were obtained the peak of substrate concentration was at the 50 g COD/L with HRT 12 h, average HPR and H2 concentration were 28.71 mL/L/h and 36.29%, respectively. The hydrogen yield was achieved at 106.23 mL H2/g CODre. The substrate concentration was controlled at 50 g COD/L for the optimal HRT experiments. It was found that the maximum of average HPR and H2 concentration were 43.28 mL/L/h and 36.96%, respectively peak at HRT 8 h with the corresponding hydrogen yield of 144.35 mL H2/g CODre. Finally, this study successful produce hydrogen from unhydrolyzed common reed by enriched mixed culture in continuous anaerobic bioreactor. 相似文献
17.
Ela Eroglu Ufuk GunduzMeral Yucel Inci Eroglu 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2011,36(10):5895-5903
Photofermentative hydrogen production from olive mill wastewater (OMW) by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 was assessed under iron and molybdenum supplementation. Control cultures were only grown with 2% OMW containing media. The analysis included measurements of biomass accumulation, hydrogen production, pH variations of the medium, and changes in the chemical oxygen demand (COD) of the wastewater. Growth under control and Mo-supplemented experiments yielded about the same amount of biomass (∼0.4 g dry cell weight per L culture). On the other hand, Mo addition slightly enhanced the total volume of H2 gas production (62 mL H2), in comparison with the control reactor (40 mL H2). Fe-supplemented cultures showed a significant increase on H2 production (125 mL H2), tough having a longer lag time for the observation of the first H2 bubbles (24 h), compared to the control (15 h) and Mo-supplemented ones (15 h). Fe-added cultures also yielded better wastewater treatment by achieving 48.1% degradation of the initial chemical oxygen demand (COD) value compared to the control reactor having 30.2% COD removal efficiency. Advances described in this work have the potential to find applications in hydrogen industry while attempting an effective management of cheap feedstock utilization. 相似文献
18.
Daniel Moureira Fontes Lima Wojtyla Kmiecik Moreira Marcelo Zaiat 《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2013
This study evaluated the use of two types of substrates, glucose and sucrose, feeding an anaerobic fixed-bed bioreactor. The biogas produced was composed of H2 and CO2, without methane. Maximum hydrogen yields were 3.22 mol H2 mol−1 sucroseconverted and 1.51 mol H2 mol−1 glucoseconverted. The main intermediates were acetic acid, butyric acid, and ethanol. The greatest difference, however, was in the stability of the process. The operation of the reactor with sucrose exhibited a drop in biogas production, whereas operation with glucose was stable after a slight decrease in biogas production. This decrease may have been caused by the differential growth of microbial populations in each reactor, namely, the growth of organisms that use the Wood–Ljungdahl metabolic pathway. 相似文献
19.
In this study, H2 was produced from cheese whey wastewater in a two-stage biological process: i) first stage; thermophilic dark fermentation ii) second stage; the photo fermentation using Rhodopseudomonas palustris strain DSM 127 (R. palustris). The effect of both dilution and addition of l-malic acid on the hydrogen production was investigated. Among the dilution rates used, 1/5 dilution ratio was found to produce the best hydrogen production (349 ml H2/g CODfed). On the other hand, It was seen that the mixing the effluent with l-malic acid at increasing ratios had further positive effect and improved the hydrogen production significantly. It was concluded that dilution of the feeding helps to reduce the nitrogen content and the volatile fatty acid content that might be otherwise harmful to the photo-heterotrophic organisms. Overall hydrogen production yield (for dark + photo fermentation) was found to vary 2 and 10 mol H2/mol lactose. Second conclusion is that cheese whey effluent should be mixed with a co-substrate containing l-malic acid such as apple juice processing effluents before fed into the photo fermentation reactor. 相似文献
20.
《International Journal of Hydrogen Energy》2020,45(47):25681-25688
Hydrogen production from organic solids waste was evaluated using a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) under mesophilic conditions, to investigate the effect of the hydraulic retention time (HRT) and solids retention time (SRT) on hydrogen production. The examined HRT and SRT values were from 4.6 to 27 h and 17–102 h, respectively. The results showed high hydrogen production rates (1.86 LH2/L·d) and a yield of 127.26 mLH2/gCODremoved for an SRT of 60 h and an HRT of 16 h. The highest chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal (38.6 ± 6.9%) was also obtained under those conditions. The highest substrate hydrolysis percentage (73.0 ± 11.4%) was obtained at an HRT of 16 h and an SRT of 102 h. A short SRT of 20 h affected hydrogen production, which decreased up to 90%. With an SRT of 20 h and an HRT of 16 h, acetic acid-like fatty acids were mainly obtained. In experiments with a long SRT (60 h), the obtained fatty acid was butyrate. The conversion efficiencies for converting particulate material into fatty acids were 51–47% using a long SRT; a short HRT resulted in percentages of 37–40%. A 3D surface analysis was performed using the maximum hydrogen yield conditions as the central point, showing that the optimal hydrogen production can be obtained with an HRT of 16 h and an SRT of 55 h. Microbial analysis showed the predominance of the Olsenella genus at an HRT< 8 h and the presence of Clostridium at an HRT of 16 h. The HRT is the main parameter leading the community composition in the process. 相似文献