膜法富氧助燃技术在陶瓷窑炉中的应用探讨

通过技术经济分析和有关实例表明，膜法富氧助燃技术用于陶瓷窑炉技术可行，不仅能节省燃料，明显提高产品的产量和质量，而且可以改善燃烧效率，延长炉龄，减少烟尘排放，综合效益显著。     

膜法富氧助燃技术在玻璃窑炉中的应用研究

发达国家称膜法富氧技术为“资源的创造性技术”我们在玻璃窑炉上用氧含量２８－３０％的富氧空气来助燃时，富氧量仅为所需空气量的百分之一左右；平均增产１０．２％，节约燃料１１．０％，玻璃质量均为提高，窑炉寿命亦相应延长，烟尘排放也低于国家环保标准，一般３－１１个月就能收回全部投资，而且社会效益和经济效益均显著。     

富氧燃烧技术在陶瓷窑炉中的应用分析

对在陶瓷窑炉中富氧燃烧技术的应用展开了分析与评价.分析表明,随着氧浓度的增加,火焰温度呈非线性上升,CO2和H2O水蒸汽分子辐射力得到加强,热效率大幅提高,NOx生成则先快速上升而后快速下降;同时也对过剩空气系数、节能和窑炉结构进行了较为深入的分析.     

变压吸附制氮尾气回收用于石灰石富氧助燃技术研究

三友集团氯碱公司利用变压吸附技术制备氮气,同时排放富氧尾气,排放的富氧尾气是氧气浓度在30.5%的洁净气体。我公司利用新工艺、新技术、新装置将这部分富氧尾气回收并用于石灰石煅烧富氧助燃,不仅实现了废弃资源的回收再利用,同时还提高了石灰窑单窑能力及石灰石的活性,石焦消耗有所降低。年可节约液氧约9 600t,实现利润总额达642万元/年。     

陶瓷窑炉富氧燃烧的研究

讨论建立了陶瓷窑炉燃烧零维燃烧数学模型,研究陶瓷窑炉富氧燃烧技术,模拟了一次助燃风富氧燃烧对节能的影响以及产生的效果。从而对燃气陶瓷窑炉富氧燃烧提出了建设性的意见。     

富氧助燃在玻璃熔窑中的应用

富氧助燃是节约能源、提高产量、改善质量的有效措施.因此,如何推广富氧燃烧技术是国内玻璃熔窑节能的主要课题之一.本文综述了富氧助燃在各种窑型中应用的方法、原理及效果,并对富氧助燃后窑内的火焰结构作一定分析.     

变压吸附制氧(VPSA)技术在日用玻璃全氧燃烧窑炉中的应用

玻璃熔窑全氧燃烧具有提高产量和质量、节省燃料、提高窑炉寿命、降低排放的优点。介绍了日用玻璃行业的全氧燃烧技术和变压吸附制氧(VPSA)装置的工艺原理及特点,分析了VPSA制氧装置在日用玻璃企业的应用案例及相应经济性能。与使用液氧运行方式相比,采用VPSA制氧装置的运行成本和经济效益具有显著优势,不但极大地降低了企业的用氧成本,而且显著增强了日用玻璃企业的市场竞争力。     

富氧燃烧在陶瓷窑炉中的应用及经济效益分析

当前富氧燃烧技术正在逐步发展,其应用的规模和范围正在不断扩大,本文探讨了富氧燃烧的节能特性及其对环境和陶瓷窑炉结构的影响,对富氧燃烧技术在陶瓷窑炉的应用进行经济效益分析,最后还就发展趋势和有待进一步研究的问题进行了分析。     

变压吸附富氧装置在玻璃池窑的应用

变压吸附富氧装置在玻璃池窑的应用李化治郑克明（北京科技大学１０００８３）（沃克公司１０００２５）唐文龙（北京玻璃五厂）ＡｐｐｌｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆＯｘｙｇｅｎ－ＲｉｃｈＧａｓｂｙＰＳＡｏｎＧｌａｓｓＴａｎｋＦｕｒｎａｃｅ￥ＬｉＨｕａｚｈｉ（Ｕｎｉｖｅｒ...     

富氧助燃技术在石灰窑中的应用

通过对石灰窑热量平衡的分析研究,将富氧助燃技术应用在石灰生产装置中,在保持石灰质量相对稳定的前提下,达到了节能降耗目的。     

A COMPARISON OF GAS SEPARATION PERFORMANCE BY DIFFERENT PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION CYCLES

By simulations using an equilibrium model, a quantative comparison is made for different pressure swing adsorption (PSA) processes for gas separation. The comparison is based on the performance curve, which is defined as the relationship between product purity and product recovery at a fixed feed throughput.

For bed repressurization in the PSA cycle, the use of the light product yields superior separations compared to that using the feed mixture. For the pressure reduction step, it is found that the separation results are better when the heavy-product purge step is used, as compared to that using cocurrent depressurization. For an ultrahigh-purity light product, however, the PSA process using cocurrent depressurization is superior.

A new PSA process is suggested in which the heavy-product purge step is accomplished by using (or pressure-equalizing with) the effluent from another bed which undergoes the countercurrent blowdown step.     

变压吸附─低温分离联合法制氢技术的应用

介绍了采用变压吸附─低温分离联合法从合成氨弛放气制取氢气的工艺流程及特点，制得氢气纯度＞99．9％，回收率可提高到95％以上，纯氢产量约为313、8m3／h。     

变压吸附提纯一氧化碳工艺系统的优化运行

介绍醋酐装置水煤气变压吸附提纯一氧化碳工艺系统,分析系统运行中出现的问题,提出具体的优化改造措施,改造后使整个系统实现了安全、稳定、长周期效益运行。     

变压吸附制氢过程吸附剂性能

研究了Ｈ２ＣＯ２ＣＨ４ＣＯ混合气在活性炭（ＡＣ）和分子筛（ＭＳ）上的变压吸附（ＰＳＡ）过程，各组分在ＡＣ上的吸附能力为：ＣＯ２的大于ＣＨ４的，ＣＨ４的大于ＣＯ的；在ＭＳ上为：ＣＯ的大于ＣＨ４的。并研究了混合气在ＡＣＭＳ复合床层上的ＰＳＡ过程，其中ＡＣ充填于进口端，主要吸附ＣＯ２和ＣＨ４；ＭＳ主要吸附ＣＯ，为复合床层ＰＳＡ过程的模拟计算和设计提供了基础。     

AIR PURIFICATION AND VAPOR RECOVERY BY PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION: A COMPARISON OF SILICALITE AND ACTIVATED CARBON

Air purification and vapor recovery by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) were experimentally investigated using the silicalite-DMMP-air system. The results from several cyclic steady-state PSA runs were compared at constant throughput with those from a previous study on the BPL activated carbon-DMMP-air system. The performance of BPL activated carbon was superior to that of silicalite because it demonstrated complete cleanup of the product effluent when starting from a saturated column, whereas, at similar process conditions, silicalite was able to cleanup only a portion of the product effluent. Nevertheless, both silicalite and BPL activated carbon respectively demonstrated enrichments (Y_e/Y_f) of 12 and 15 using only moderate vacuum. However, there were significant differences in the shapes of the cyclic steady-state product and exhaust profiles which were attributed to differences in the 1) mass transfer rates, 2) adsorption capacities, or 3) possibly shapes of the adsorption isotherms.     

AIR PURIFICATION AND VAPOR RECOVERY BY PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION: A COMPARISON OF SILICALITE AND ACTIVATED CARBON

Air purification and vapor recovery by pressure swing adsorption (PSA) were experimentally investigated using the silicalite-DMMP-air system. The results from several cyclic steady-state PSA runs were compared at constant throughput with those from a previous study on the BPL activated carbon-DMMP-air system. The performance of BPL activated carbon was superior to that of silicalite because it demonstrated complete cleanup of the product effluent when starting from a saturated column, whereas, at similar process conditions, silicalite was able to cleanup only a portion of the product effluent. Nevertheless, both silicalite and BPL activated carbon respectively demonstrated enrichments (Y_e/Y_f ) of 12 and 15 using only moderate vacuum. However, there were significant differences in the shapes of the cyclic steady-state product and exhaust profiles which were attributed to differences in the 1) mass transfer rates, 2) adsorption capacities, or 3) possibly shapes of the adsorption isotherms.     

OPTIMIZATION OF PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION EQUIPMENT PART II OPTIMIZATION OF TWO BED OXYGEN GENERATORS

Local equilibrium model described in Part I is used to stimulate both, the steady state operation conditions and transient regime after the start of PSA equipment. The effect of axial dispersion, adsorption isotherm nonlinearity and high pressure level is simulated. On the basis of numerical analysis, the operation of a classical two-bed oxygen generator is compared with two configurations having pressure equalizing step. The optimization strategy of the given PSA equipment has been proposed and the procedure is demonstrated on an example. The scaling-up condition for PSA equipments which can be described by local equilibrium model has been proposed on the basis of the theoretical analysis.     

OPTIMIZATION OF PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION EQUIPMENT PART I EFFECT OF EQUILIBRIUM CONSTANTS, AXIAL DIFFUSION AND INITIAL TO FEED CONCENTRATION RATIO ON COLUMN PRESSURIZATION AND PURGING

This paper consisting of two parts proposes a suitable method for the numerical optimization of pressure swing adsorption devices and comparison of multiple beds equipments with different piping and valves systems required to interconnect the adsorption cycle. In Part I a flexible isothermal and isobaric local equilibrium mathematico-physical model respecting axial dispersion and volumetric changes caused by adsorption has been formulated. The convergency of both the implicit form with central differences and explicit form with upwind differences is discussed. The effect of adsorption equilibrium on the oxygen concentration profile developed in the column at pressurization and the flow at constant pressure is simulated as well as the effect of axial dispersion. The creation of simple and shock concentration waves under various feeds to initial column oxygen concentration ratios is demonstrated. The proposed model is used also in Part II to compare the performance and gas purity of three types of two beds oxygen generators. On the bases of our local equilibrium model the condition for PSA equipment scale-up was proposed.     

变压吸附法分离H_2－CO_2气体混合物

采用变压吸附法进行Ｈ２－ＣＯ２气体混合物的分离研究。通过对不同吸附剂的吸附性能比较试验，选取１３ｘ分子筛为本研究体系的吸附剂。在３塔变压吸附装置上进行了变压吸附过程试验；对不同的原料气组成，在不同的吸附压力、原料气量、再生压力、再生气量以及再生时间条件下，分别测定了变压吸附的动态吸附能参数；考察了这些参数对吸附分离过程的影响；得到了一些较为实用的工艺参数。用线性推动力模型对变压吸附的全过程进行了模拟，采用正交配置法对模型求数值解，较好地预测了实验结果。