EP—g—GMA热学行为表征

本文用ＤＳＣ研究了乙丙共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯的热学性质。与空白乙丙共聚物相比，接枝共聚物中丙烯序列的结晶温度升高了８－１２℃，熔融热焓增加了４－６Ｊ／ｇ。乙烯序列的结晶温度却稍有下降，其相应熔点及熔融热焓都有相应下降。等温与非等温结晶动力学表明接枝样品中丙烯序列的结晶速率高于相应的未接枝样品，ＥＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ的Ａｖｒａｍｉ指数及Ｚｉａｂｉｃｋｉ指数均高于空白ＥＰ，接枝到乙丙共聚物乙烯序列上的     

尼龙1010／乙丙共聚物共混体系形态与性能研究

在过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）的引发下，用反应挤出的方法制备了乙丙共聚物接枝甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯（ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ）。用Ｂｒａｂｅｎｄｅｒ单螺杆挤出机制备了不同组成的ＥＰＭ／尼龙１０１０及ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／尼龙－１０１０的共混物，用电子显微镜观察了不同共混组成的形态，与ＥＰＭ／尼龙１０１０共混体系相比，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／尼龙１０１０体系中ＥＰＭ在尼龙１０１０中分散相尺寸明显降低，ＥＰＭ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ     

非交联线性低密度聚乙烯接枝丙烯酸的热学行为研究

采用特殊的方法制备了非交联的线性低密度聚乙烯熔融接枝改性产物（ＬＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＡＡ）。利用ＤＳＣ研究了ＬＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＡＡ的热学行为,与纯ＬＬＤＰＥ相比ＬＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＡＡ的熔融温度几乎没有变化,结晶温度提高大约４℃,熔融热焓随接枝率的增加而下降。研究了ＬＬＤＰＥ及ＬＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＡＡ的等温结晶动力学。结果表明,ＬＬＤＰＥ－ｇ－ＡＡ的结晶速率比纯ＬＬＤＰＥ的大,说明接枝到ＬＬＤＰＥ分子链上的ＡＡ分     

聚碳酸酯／聚丙烯共混物的结构与性能

在过氧化二异丙苯的引发下，用反应挤出的方法制备了聚丙烯接枝甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯。用双螺杆挤出机制务了不同组成的聚碳酸酯／聚丙烯及ＰＣ／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ／ＰＰ的共混物。用电子显微镜观察了不同经组成的形态，与ＰＰ／ＰＣ共混体系相比，ＰＣ／ＰＰ／ＰＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ体系中的ＰＣ一ＰＰ中分散相尺寸明显降低，ＰＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ加入改变聚丙烯在共混物中的晶体结构及提高了聚丙烯的结晶温度，同时ＰＰ－ｇ－ＧＭＡ的加入对共     

官能化乙丙橡胶的制备和表征

用２,５－二甲基－２,５－二叔丁基过氧基己烷为引发剂,甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯（ＧＭＡ）、马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ）和丙烯酸（ＡＡ）为接枝单体,对三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）和二元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＲ）进行熔融接枝,接枝产物用ＦＴＩＲ、１３Ｃ－ＮＭＲ等进行了表征,并用化学滴定方法对接枝率进行了测定。实验结果表明,影响接枝率和凝胶质量分数的主要因素为乙丙橡胶的化学结构、引发剂和单体的用量、反应时间及温度等。接枝单体反应活性大小依次为ＧＭＡ,ＡＡ,ＭＡＨ。     

PA－66／（PE／EPDM）－g－MAH共混增韧的研究

本文研究了尼龙－６６（ＰＡ－６６）与聚乙烯（ＬＤＰＥ）共混物的力学性能。结果表明，用马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯和三元乙丙橡胶（ＥＰＤＭ）改善了与基体ＰＡ－６６的相容性。添加弹性体ＥＰＤＭ，使之生成（ＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ）－ｇ－ＭＡＨ共聚物，可以大幅度度地提高ＰＡ－６６／（ＰＥ／ＥＰＤＭ）－ｇ－ＭＡＨ冲击强度，同时熔体粘度随温度的变化趋于平缓，吸水率有所下降。     

马来酸酐接枝乙烯—1—辛烯共聚物及其应用

采用熔融法制备了乙烯－１－门牌烯共聚物（ＰＯＥ）接枝马来酸酐（ＭＡＨ），讨论了引发剂、单体、交联抑制剂用量对接枝率和凝胶率的影响。通过对不同引发剂双２，５、过氧化二异丙苯（ＤＣＰ）、及自制复配引发剂的比较，发现采用自制复配引发剂并加入适量交联抑制剂可以在获得较高接枝率的同时，降低接枝产物的凝胶率，得到流动性好的无色或浅苋色的ＰＯＥ－ｇ－ＭＡＨ。接枝改性产物应用于氢氧化铝填充聚乙烯体系和超强超韧尼龙体系，均获得很好的效果。     

CR－MMA－CEVA接枝共聚物的制备及其粘合性

以甲苯／丁酮为溶剂，过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂，于９０±１℃下制备了氯丁橡胶－甲基丙烯酸甲酯－（氯化乙烯－乙酸乙烯酯）（ＣＲ－ＭＭＡ－ＣＥＶＡ）接枝共聚物。当ＣＥＶＡ用量为２～８份（按ＣＲ１００份计），ＭＭＡ转化率约３７．８３％时，接枝共聚物胶液用于粘合聚氯乙烯布基革，静置４ｄ时的１８０°剥离强度为５．４４ｋＮ／ｍ，超过优级品指标（３．５ｋＮ／ｍ）。     

EPDM－g－MMA接枝率对POM／EPDM共混物增容作用的影响

本文介绍以ＢＰＯ为引发剂，合成接枝共聚物ＥＰＤＭ－ｇ－ＭＭＡ的方法。并对其进行红外表征，另外，借助ＳＥＭ和力学性能测试研究了接枝率对ＰＯＷ／ＥＰＤＭ共混物的增容作用的影响。     

反应型增容剂PS-co-GMA的合成及反应动力学的研究

以过氧化苯甲酰（ＢＰＯ）为引发剂,利用改进的本体聚合方法制备了苯乙烯—甲基丙烯酸环氧丙酯共聚物（ＰＳｃｏＧＭＡ）,用红外光谱证实了ＰＳｃｏＧＭＡ共聚物的存在,并探讨了聚合温度,聚合时间对聚合物的分子量和转化率的影响,通过以上研究确定了最佳反应条件：反应温度为７０℃,反应时间为６ｈ时,可得到性能满意的ＰＳｃｏＧＭＡ共聚物。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。