Extraction technology for production of environmentally clean diesel and jet fuels

Increasingly rigorous environmental requirements are being imposed on diesel and jet fuels abroad: the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in diesel fuel must not exceed 5–10 wt. % [1], and the concentration of naphthalene hydrocarbons in the most widely used jet fuel, Jet A-1, must be below 3 wt. % with a minimum smoke point of 26 mm [2]. Restrictions on the concentration of aromatic hydrocarbons in fuels are also being introduced in Russia: for example, it must be no greater than 20 wt. % in DLECh-V diesel fuel and no greater than 10 wt. % in T-6 ultrasonic jet fuel [3]. Translated fromKhimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 5, pp. 3 – 7, September – October, 1999.     

Production of environmentally clean diesel fuels in the revamped L-24/6 unit

The results of implementing the new AGKD-400 catalyst system in the revamped L-24-6 unit for hydrotreating of diesel cuts with up to 38 wt. % of secondary feedstock are generalized. The results of operating the unit for production of diesel fuel that satisfies the requirements of Euro-3 and Euro-4 for the sulfur and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon content are reported. __________ Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 2, pp. 36–38, March–April, 2008.     

清洁燃油质量标准研究

研究了美国、欧洲、日本、《世界燃油规范》等国际上先进的清洁汽油和清洁柴油质量标准现状及其发展趋势,并同我国相应的燃油产品规格标准进行比较,找出差距,提出我国清洁燃油规格标准制修订方面的建议。     

Ethanol as a high-octane,environmentally clean component of automotive fuels. Current aspects of use

The principle of the action of antiknocks consists of preventing explosive decomposition of the products of pre-ignition oxidation of the fuel before normal combustion of the fuel blend begins. There are several theories that explain the essence of knock combustion. The most widely accepted one is the so-called peroxide theory. __________ Translated from Khimiya i Tekhnologiya Topliv i Masel, No. 5, pp. 3–7, September–October, 2007.     

发展中的清洁燃料

介绍了汽车排放污染物的危害和清洁燃料、清洁代用燃料国内外的发展概况，对清洁燃料发展中，如关于使用甲基叔丁基醚、烯烃的作用、添加剂和使用甲醇燃料等几个问题提出一些看法。     

Development of environmentally friendly diesel fuel

The research related to the production of ecologically friendly diesel fuel by introducing a basic hydro treated fuel antiwear bioadditives prepared based on different raw materials. An analysis of existing anti-wear additives was carried out. The main characteristics of samples of environmentally friendly diesel fuel are determined. A reduction in the diameter of the fuel wear spot has been established, which means that a decrease in the wear of diesel engine parts has been achieved and the duration of its use has been increased. Studied the positive effects of the use of supplements to reduce the emission of exhaust gases into the atmosphere.     

清洁柴油生产技术

介绍了国外清洁柴油生产技术的开发和工业应用情况,包括柴油加氢脱硫技术,超深度脱硫技术,降低汽油芳烃含量技术以及几种柴油非加氢脱硫技术和增产优质柴油技术。     

Selecting pour depressants for diesel fuels

The correlation between effectiveness and composition was investigated to choose the most effective pour depressant from the multitude on the market. Samples of pour depressants from the main manufacturers were collected and their ability to improve the low-temperature properties of diesel fuels was evaluated. The composition and structure of the additives with the best results and their solvents after separation by crystallization were investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and chromatography-mass spectrometry. It was shown that copolymers of ethylene and vinyl acetate are the most effective pour depressant additives. Their solvents contain aromatic compounds.