ATD-specific network management functions and TMN architecture

The paper deals with the ATM (asynchronous transfer mode)-specific functions of source policing and connection acceptance control and their relationship to network management. The aspects of ATM-specific network management are based on the results achieved by the RACE project R1022, `Technology for ATD'. It is shown how these functions can be implemented according to the TMN (telecommunications management network) architecture suggested by the RACE project GUIDELINE (R1003). The interaction between these functions and other network management functions is discussed and the interaction of these functions with the management layers is presented in a way which is not dependent on the specific algorithms used for source policing and connection acceptance control     

TMN as applied to the GSM network

Reviews some of the guiding principles of TMN that were applied, or consciously not applied, to the development of GSM network management. The organization of the work within the sub-technical committee and the resultant organization of the specifications are described. The article also introduces the model for the management of a GSM network, as well as some of the philosophy behind this model. Certain aspects of this model are described in greater detail to illustrate its use     

Future transport network architectures

The architecture of today's long distance transmission networks, which we call the baseline architecture, is a complex and multilayered hierarchy of TDM circuits. One premise of the baseline architecture is that restoration from network failures is provided mostly by SONET/SDH rings. This article presents an alternative architecture that uses ATM and optical layer cross-connect technology for TDM services. Using a sophisticated set of network design tools developed at AT&T Labs-Research, we show that the alternative architecture offers dramatic capital savings and improved network efficiency over the baseline architecture. Most of this savings can be attributed to use of OLXC mesh network restoration, which makes more efficient use of capacity than SONET/SDH rings, and use of ATM switching for transport of TDM circuits, which consolidates the numerous TDM equipment layers inherent to the baseline architecture. In addition, motivated by the rapid growth of IP services, we analyze in the alternative architecture whether to provide restoration for IP services in the IP layer itself, by rerouting packets over precalculated restoration paths with MPLS, or to alternatively provide restoration of failed IP layer links in the OLXC layer. One potential advantage of IP layer restoration is that network operators may choose to only restore a fraction of the services, in particular the “priority” services, affected by a network failure. This article gives some methodology of how to determine this fraction at which IP layer restoration is cost-competitive with OLXC restoration     

Wireless ATM network architectures

Emulated LAN technology supports mobile hosts in wireless ATM networks. This paper introduces virtual LAN (VLAN) services using ATM LAN emulation technology which operates on a client/server model. One of the attractive features of the VLAN is the capability to group users into a broadcast domain. The focus of this paper is the issue of supporting quality of service to mobiles in a wireless ATM network. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Evolution of TMN network object models for broadband management

Telecommunications management network (TMN)-based object models need to satisfy the three objectives of interoperability, integration, and flexibility in order to support rapid provision of future broadband services. While current models are focused on interoperability, it is necessary to consider new techniques to deliver the integration and flexibility capabilities required for these services. The Open Distributed Processing Reference Model (RM-ODP), coupled with CORBA technology, has been proposed as a distributed environment to provide the integration and flexibility capabilities lacking in existing protocols. Existing protocols will continue to be widely used for broadband management interfaces as the distributed environment evolves. The challenge is to maximize the benefits of the distributed environment without compromising the benefits already delivered by the existing protocols. A multiplicity of models has been developed to differing requirements and using differing methodologies. Although there is much commonality between these models, a final stage of convergence is needed to produce a unified network model. There are outstanding issues for definition of management services, resource models, and at the computational level, which need to be resolved for successful evolution to distributed systems. However, a partnership between formal standards bodies and other organizations and consortia which exploits their complementary strengths will ensure that distributed network management of the TMN will become a reality     

Cable television broadband network architectures

Fiber-deep network topologies will allow broadband service delivery to become a reality. This article discusses optical technology being deployed by the cable industry to support broadband. Included is a discussion of the current network and plans for the next-generation network, driving fiber even closer to the-subscriber     

Fiber-based local access network architectures

The attributes of the various architectural alternatives are discussed. Several systems proposed for the delivery of telephone service and/or distributive video services in the local access network are described. The status of the standardization of interfaces for the broadband integrated services digital network (BISDN) based on the synchronous optical network (SONET) and asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is examined     

Telecommunications management network (TMN) architecture andinterworking designs

The authors discuss data communications networks (DCNs) used by operating telephone companies to interconnect large numbers of telecommunications network elements with operations systems and workstations to support and manage telecommunications networks, referred to by the international telegraph and telephone consultative committee (CCITT) as a telecommunications management network (TMN). The TMNs can include different types of DCNs such as private lines, circuit-switched networks, packet-switched networks, and integrated services digital networks (ISDNs). These can be divided into two classes: connection-mode and connectionless-mode networks. The authors briefly consider TMN concepts and implementation architectures. They then focus on TMN internetworking design alternatives, issues, and protocol stacks, in order to provide data network designers and implementors with the necessary fundamentals in considering and choosing interworking solutions for TMN applications     

ATM signaling transport network architectures and analysis

As public carriers plan to offer new broadband services and consolidate different types of services into a single ATM network platform, the identification of an appropriate target broadband signaling transport network architecture is necessary to ensure smooth and cost-effective signaling network evolution. A number of suggestions have been made for possible broadband signaling transport architectures, ranging from the retention of signal transfer points (STPs) to the adoption of a fully distributed signaling transport architecture supporting the associated signaling mode only. The purpose of this article is to describe these architecture alternatives and discuss their qualitative and quantitative tradeoffs. The authors focus on public networks only     

Paging systems: network architectures and interfaces

In the past few years, the penetration rate of the paging service has significantly increased. The paging service is competitive because paging networks offer inexpensive service in large service coverage areas, and pagers are cheap and easy to carry. This article provides an overview of the one-way paging network architecture and the interfaces among the paging network elements. The author also briefly describes two-way paging services and uses the GSM short message service as an example to illustrate how two-way messaging can be offered under the cellular platform     

一种基于CORBA和TMN结构的ATM网络管理模型

本文给出了一种基于CORBA和TMN结构的ATM网络管理模型。首先介绍模型的OS结构,并将ATM与其传输网SDH进行集成管理;其次定义了该模型在不同域之间交换信息的接口,即所谓的Xcoop。结果表明该模型能够实现分布式网络管理、保证宽带连接业务的端到端QoS,并且有故障管理和配置管理功能。     

Neural network architectures for vector prediction

A vector predictor is an integral part of a predictive vector quantization coding scheme. The conventional techniques for designing a nonlinear predictor are extremely complex and suboptimal due to the absence of a suitable model for the source data. We investigated several neural network architectures that can be used to implement a nonlinear vector predictor, including the multilayer perceptron, the functional link network and the radial basis function network. We also evaluated and compared the performance of these neural network predictors with that of a linear vector predictor. Our experimental results show that a neural network predictor can predict the blocks containing edges with a higher accuracy than a linear predictor. However, the performance of a neural network predictor is comparable to that of a linear predictor for predicting the stationary and shade blocks     

Design and analysis of very high-speed network architectures

Communication architectures for very-high-speed networks are dealt with. The use of high communication speed increases the ratio between the end-to-end propagation delay and the packet transmission time. This increase restricts the utilization of the high system bandwidth in broadcast channel-based systems, causing a rapid performance deterioration. A communication system architecture characterized by the use of several parallel channels and design of the nodes' channel interface is presented. The channel-division approach is introduced, showing that for a given system bandwidth the total system capacity will be increased by bandwidth division and parallel communication. An analytic model of this system is developed, from which the proposed system's performance is obtained and performance bounds determined for multichannel slotted finite systems. The results show that the architecture has a potential to improve significantly the system performance compared to conventional single-channel-based systems. Furthermore, for a given network configuration an optimal architecture can be found which simultaneously maximizes the system throughput and minimizes the average packet delay     

未来网络体系架构研究综述

现有互联网正面临着前所未有的挑战,包括可扩展性、安全性、管控性、移动性、内容分发能力、绿色节能等一系列问题,难以通过增量式的研究模式彻底解决。在这样的背景下,创新型的未来网络体系架构研究成为当前全球关注的热点领域。通过介绍全球在该领域的研究进展情况,阐述当前该领域主要的研究成果,总结分析该领域的研究发展趋势与核心问题,期望对国内该领域的研究起到参考和帮助。     

Satellite ATM network architectures: an overview

A satellite ATM network has been envisioned as the next information super-skyway. There has been a migration from traditional bent pipe satellites to onboard processing ATM satellites. The current congestion in the Internet has motivated the use of alternate paths-using satellites to support global Internet transport and access. This article presents the various system and protocol layer architectures of SATM networks     

Hierarchical architectures in the third-generation cellular network

Third-generation wireless communication faces the challenges of rapidly increasing mobile user demand against limited radio bandwidth. Splitting cells into smaller cells can reduce the frequency reuse distance to improve network capacity within a certain area. Other than increasing the cost of the fixed infrastructure, cell splitting also causes the problem of increasing handoff rate and event the handoff failure rate when high-speed users roam in the network. To solve this problem, larger cells are overlaid on these smaller cells, and different classes of users (usually classified by speed) are initially assigned to the proper types of cells (i.e., proper tiers). We call this kind of cellular network a hierarchical cellular network. In this study, we review the different design techniques in the hierarchical architecture and some analytical tools to study the performance of these designs.