合氟聚醚的合成及应用

介绍了全氟聚醚的特性，并对其合成方法和应用领域进行了叙述。全氟聚醚具有耐热、耐氧化、耐腐蚀、粘流性良好、不燃，可与塑料、弹性体、金属相容，只溶于全氟有机溶剂等良好的综合性能，是苛刻环境下极为可靠的润滑剂，广泛应用于电子、化工、机械、电气、核工业、航空航天等领域。其合成方法主要有全氟环氧化物的阴离子聚合法和全氟烯烃直接光氧化法2种。     

阴离子聚合法制备全氟聚醚

全氟聚醚具有极佳的化学惰性，不燃，可与塑料、弹性体、金属相容，只溶于全氟有机溶剂等良好的综合性能，是苛刻环境下极为可靠的润滑剂，广泛应用于电子、化工、核工业、航空航天等领域。其合成方法主要有全氟环氧化物的阴离子聚合法和全氟烯烃直接光氧化法2种。介绍了阴离子聚合法工艺流程、聚合机理及特征、影响聚合的因素等。     

全氟聚醚的制备与应用

全氟聚醚具有耐热、抗氧化、抗腐蚀、粘流性良好、不燃烧、可与塑料、弹性体、金属相容等良好的综合性能,是苛刻环境下润滑剂的首选,广泛应用于电子、化工、机械、电气、核工业、航空航天等领域。介绍了全氟聚醚的特性,并对其制备途径一全氟环氧化物的阴离子聚合法和全氟烯烃直接光氧化法和其应用领域进行了介绍。     

全氟聚醚羧酸分子量的测定方法研究

全氟聚醚羧酸是合成全氟聚醚衍生物的关键中间体之一，平均分子量在500～15000之间，其分子量大小对后续应用至关重要。本文分别采用端基返滴定法和¹⁹F核磁共振法间接测定全氟聚醚羧酸的分子量，并对两种检测手段进行比较分析。结果表明，采用端基返滴定法测定全氟聚醚羧酸的分子量，方法可靠且稳定性好，结果准确度高、操作简便。     

全氟聚醚的合成与性能

介绍了全氟聚醚及其合成方法,介绍了光引发和阴离子引发两种合成方法。对不同结构的全氟聚醚产品的性能进行了对比,着重介绍了结构对其性能的影响。     

全氟聚醚的研究进展

介绍全氟聚醚的四种不同分子结构及光催化聚合和阴离子催化聚合两种合成方法，着重介绍以六氟环氧丙烷为原料的阴离子催化聚合法，由于催化剂体系及反应条件的不同，使产物聚合度不同。同时综述全氟聚醚的性能及应用。     

钢片表面全氟聚醚硅氧烷涂层的耐腐蚀性能

以全氟聚醚酰氟和无水甲醇反应制备全氟聚醚甲酯,再以它和KH550为原料,通过酯-酰胺交换反应合成了全氟聚醚硅氧烷,其结构以红外光谱进行表征。用氟溶剂将全氟聚醚硅氧烷稀释后喷涂在钢板表面固化成膜,探讨了不同全氟聚醚硅氧烷质量分数、固化温度和固化时间对涂层水接触角的影响,考察了涂层分别在3.5%CH3COOH、5.0%NaOH和3.5%NaCl溶液中的耐蚀性及其机械稳定性、热稳定性和耐久性。结果表明,钢板表面涂覆0.1%的全氟聚醚硅氧烷溶液后在150°C固化30min,可得到水接触角为113.6°的疏水涂层。涂覆该涂层的钢板具有良好的耐酸、耐盐性能,以及良好的热稳定性、机械稳定性和耐久性。     

全氟聚醚的制备与应用

介绍了全氟聚醚的4种类型及其制备方法,叙述了全氟聚醚在高端润滑油等领域的应用及其性能改进,以及有机硅改性全氟聚醚、玻璃基疏水防污涂层、丙烯酸硼氟化聚合物膜、仿猪笼草超滑表面等改性研究情况.认为目前主要商品被美国杜邦、日本大金、苏威公司所垄断,国内还未形成商品规模化生产,随着全氟聚醚应用领域的快速拓展,需要加快全氟聚醚国...     

Z型全氟聚醚的结构表征

具有功能性端基的全氟聚醚具有优异的化学稳定性及较强的加工可塑性，被广泛用于航天航空、电子、化工等领域。在其制备及应用过程中，基于核磁共振技术的结构表征和解析至关重要。然而由于全氟聚醚及其活性化合物的结构复杂、分子量大且分布较宽，因此在核磁测试中存在制样难、主链骨架结构和端基难以分辨和归属等问题，进而影响对全氟聚醚的定性定量分析。针对Z型惰性及活性全氟聚醚的结构解析，系统考察了不同种类氘代试剂和含氟助溶剂的复配、样品浓度、测试条件等因素的影响，探索得到较优的核磁样品制备条件；进一步分析了Z型全氟聚醚混合物的氟谱，确定了全氟聚醚的主链结构和端基的归属；利用端基分析法计算得到分子量及聚合度、两组分全氟聚醚混合物组成。     

Y型全氟聚醚UV固化涂料的制备及其性能

以异佛尔酮二异氰酸酯、聚碳酸酯二醇、甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯以及Y型全氟聚醚单端醇、Y型全氟聚醚单端二醇为原料合成了2种含氟聚氨酯丙烯酸酯。将其作为低聚物添加到紫外光(UV)固化涂料体系中,以全氟己基乙基丙烯酸酯(PFHEA)为添加剂。分别对UV固化膜的接触角、吸水率、耐摩擦性能、形貌及表面组成等进行了研究。结果表明:以Y型全氟聚醚单端二醇为原料合成的低聚物添加量为2.4%(w),w(PFHEA)为8%时,UV固化膜具有良好的表面性能,水和正十六烷的接触角分别为120.3°,82.8°,负载为500 g,以无纺布为摩擦媒介时,摩擦1 000次后接触角仍达到116.6°,78.0°。     

全氟聚醚聚合物及其功能复合材料的研究进展

全氟聚醚（PFPE）聚合物具有极低的表面张力、低摩擦系数、优异的润滑性能和良好的疏水疏油性能，被广泛用作航空航天、核工业、真空、电子等领域的润滑材料以及合成功能复合材料的反应中间体。近年来，基于PFPE聚合物的含氟功能复合材料在一些新兴领域受到广泛关注。本文首先介绍了PFPE聚合物在润滑材料领域最新的研究进展，重点阐述了目前PFPE润滑剂在抗磨、防锈和PFPE基础油抗爬移方面存在的不足，并分析了其原因；其次概述了PFPE聚合物在功能涂层、含氟聚氨酯材料、氟橡胶以及类玻璃（Vitrimers）材料方面的研究进展和应用前景，并介绍了一些含氟功能复合材料的制备工艺；最后展望了PFPE聚合物未来的研究重点和发展趋势，旨在为拓宽PFPE聚合物的应用领域，开发高附加值的PFPE衍生产品提供思路。     

Fluorinated poly(butylene terephthalate): Preparation and properties

Fluorinated poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT) can be easily prepared using a telechelic perfluoropolyether (PFPE) as a comonomer. The functional groups of the PFPE react completely with other monomers, but the distribution of the PFPE blocks is not homogeneous and in the final polymeric material there is a significant fraction of PFPE bonded to very short segments of polyester. Due to the very poor miscibility of PFPE and PBT, the PFPE is present as a separate phase dispersed in an almost pure PBT matrix. Accordingly, both thermal and mechanical properties of PBT are little affected by the PFPE. The presence of PFPE induces a slight improvement on the fracture resistance and on surface properties such as wear resistance and coefficient of friction. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Glass lap joints with UV-cured adhesives: Use of a perfluoropolyether methacrylic resin in the presence of an acrylic silane coupling agent

In this work the adhesion to glass of a UV-curable resin with a high fluorine content, namely a methacrylic resin based on perfluoropolyether (PFPE) chains, was studied. In particular, focus was on how the presence of a silane coupling agent, with an acrylate functional group, used either for functionalizing the glass substrates or as an additive to the resin formulations, influenced such adhesion. The adhesive bond strength in shear of lap joints and their resistance to a humid environment and water were assessed. The silane was found to enhance the adhesive strength of the PFPE resin joints, and the silanization of glass proved to be more efficient than the addition of the additive into the formulations. The results were compared to those obtained with a fluorine free acrylic resin. Although the adhesion strength of the PFPE resin was lower compared to that of the fluorine free resin, it showed a better resistance to water as the hydrophobicity of the PFPE chains hindered the transport of water molecules at the resin/glass interface.     

全氟润滑油的合成、性质及应用

介绍了全氟润滑油中最重要的全氟烃油、氟氯碳油、全氟醚油3种含氟润滑油的性质、合成方法及应用领域。通过比较认为,全氟醚油综合性能优良,是苛刻环境下极为可靠的润滑剂,研究开发全氟醚油产品有广阔的应用前景。     

End Group Effects on Adhesion of Perfluoropolyether Lubricants to Solid Substrates

Interfacial interactions of several commercial perfluoropolyether (PFPE) and aromaticmodified lubricants with silicon oxide or carbon substrates were investigated through contact angle measurement, dipping tests, fluorescence spectroscopy and contact-start-stop testing. All commercial lubricants that have not been thermally treated are displaced from the solid substrate by contact with water. Contact angles of water on ZDOL, a PFPE doubly-terminated with hydroxyl groups, spun on silicon and carboncoated wafers were measured as a function of thermal annealing treatment. The adhesion of commercial lubricants to such previously thermally-bonded layers is stronger than to the bare silicon wafers. The thermal reaction of ZDOL on silica gel and carbon was investigated by thermogravimetric analysis and FTIR. The thermal reaction takes place when the baking temperature exceeds 70°C; at least part of this surface-bonding involves condensation of terminal hydroxyl groups with isolated surface silanols. Finally, stiction values for aromatic-modified lubricants are substantially lower than for the unmodified commercial PFPE lubricants, but there are still significant humidity effects.     

Compression‐molded,lubricant‐treated UHMWPE composites

Lubricant‐treated ultra high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) composites were prepared by compression molding. Composites were made from mixtures containing up to 5.0 wt % of lubricant. Two solid lubricants, molybdenum disulfide (MoS₂), and carbon black (CB), and one liquid lubricant, perfluoropolyether (PFPE), were used in the study. UHMWPE and the lubricants formed 3D networks, where the lubricant was evenly spread over the UHMWPE particles. The amounts of MoS₂ and CB were determined by thermogravimetric analyses, and the amounts of PFPE by ATR‐IR spectroscopy. All the lubricant treated composites showed better friction properties than pure UHMWPE. The addition of PFPE to UHMWPE improved the hydrophobicity of the surface, whereas the addition of solid lubricant had little effect. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 104: 1762–1768, 2007     

Effect of sodium monofluorophosphate treatment on microstructure and frost salt scaling durability of slag cement paste

Sodium-monofluorophosphate (Na-MFP) is currently in use as a surface applied corrosion inhibitor in the concrete industry. Its basic mechanism is to protect the passive layer of the reinforcement steel against disruption due to carbonation. Carbonation is known as the most detrimental environmental effect on blast furnace slag cement (BFSC) concrete with respect to frost salt scaling. In this paper the effect of Na-MFP on the microstructure and frost salt scaling resistance of carbonated BFSC paste is presented. The results of electron microscopy, mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) are discussed. It is found that the treatment modifies the microstructure and improves the resistance of carbonated BFSC paste against frost salt attack.     

Perfluoropolyether polymers by UV curing: design,synthesis and characterization

Perfluoropolyether (PFPE) structures can be functionalized with acrylic groups using appropriate hydrogenated acrylic monomers: the macromers obtained are highly reactive under UV irradiation, and fluorinated polymers can be obtained. In the first part of this work is described the synthesis of new PFPE (meth)acrylic oligomers by extending OH‐terminated fluorinated chains with urethane groups and reactive acrylic functions. The photopolymerization reaction of each product is then reported followed by the characterisation of the main thermal, mechanical and surface properties of UV‐cured coatings. The polymers have good thermal resistance and fair mechanical and chemical resistance. More interestingly they show very low refractive index and low surface tension. For these latter properties the products can be advantageously used in highly demanding applications such as photonic devices and nano‐patterning. Copyright © 2011 Society of Chemical Industry     

Synthesis,characterization and surface properties of poly(lactic acid)–perfluoropolyether block copolymers

Laboratory‐scale synthesis and morphological and surface energy characterization of triblock A–B–A copolymers based on poly(lactic acid) (PLA; A segment) containing various block lengths of perfluoropolyether (PFPE; B segment) at 5 wt% PFPE content are reported. Incorporation of PFPE segments in PLA lowers significantly both the polar and dispersive components of total surface energy. Total surface energy is lowered from ca 35 to ca 17 mN m^?1 on copolymerization of PLA with 5 wt% PFPE. Thermal analysis data reveal that lower molecular weight PFPE segments lower significantly the glass transition, crystallization and melting temperatures of the PLA matrix. Although block length variation of the PFPE segment does not affect surface energies of copolymer films, smaller PFPE segments increase significantly the low‐temperature modulus as observed from dynamic mechanical analysis. Copyright © 2010 Society of Chemical Industry