稀土在苎麻织物染色中的应用研究

采用稀土－柠檬酸络合物对直接活性染料在苎麻织物染色中的应用进行了研究，测定了染色过程中的相关参数，对稀土染料和纤维之间的相互作用机理及影响因素也进行了讨论。     

稀土在苎麻织物染色中的应用研究

采用稀土—柠檬酸络合物对直接活性染料在苎麻织物染色中的应用进行了研究，测定了染色过程中的相关参数，对稀土染料和纤维之间的相互作用机理及影响因素也进行了讨论。     

稀土改性聚丙烯纤维染色性能的研究

采用稀土化合物苯甲酸镧与聚丙烯(PP)共混纺丝,对所得的共混改性PP纤维用分散染料和染色助剂染色,探讨了改性PP纤维的染色性能。结果表明,随着苯甲酸镧含量、染料助剂含量及染色时间的增加,改性PP纤维的上染率均增加。当苯甲酸镧质量分数为3%时,选用染色助剂氯化镧含量为0.8g/L的染液,染色时间为60 min时,改性PP纤维的上染率达75%。     

稀土在腈纶用阳离子染料染色中的助染作用

本文对稀土化合物在腈纶用阳离子染料染色中的助染效果、助染机理进行了探讨。实验结果表明,稀土化合物能增加染物的得色量和改善染物的匀染性.     

稀土改性尼龙66纤维染色性能研究

采用对比的方法,对稀土改性尼龙66纤维和普通尼龙66纤维的染色性能进行了研究。结果发现:稀土改性尼龙66纤维的上染率明显高于普通尼龙66纤维,对于各种染料上染率一般提高10%-20%,而且上染速度也快得多。这种改性纤维染色的皂洗牢度等于成稍高于普通尼龙66纤维,而日晒牢度基本上没有变化。另外染色织物的色调略有一些变化。其原因在于:这种稀土改性尼龙68纤维中,稀土离子的作用使染料与纤维之间的作用力增大,使染料更易于上染到纤维上,而且结合牢度增强。     

稀土在细旦锦纶的酸性染料染色中的应用

本文研究了稀土在细旦锦纶酸性染料染色中的应用.通过改变不同的染色工艺,添加不同的稀土,调节pH值、染料用量和助剂用量,试验对染色效果的影响.结果表明,在合适的pH值和稀土用量下,选择合适的助剂,可以获得良好的染深性.     

C．I．分散蓝284对聚乳酸纤维的染色性能研究

使用C.I.分散蓝284对聚乳酸纤维进行了染色实验,研究了不同乳酸光学异构体单体含量的聚乳酸纤维的染色性能,结果表明纤维中右旋乳酸单体含量的提高有利于纤维对染料吸附量的提高.同时发现染料在纤维上的吸附等温线不属于Nemst型吸附,这可能与染料分子产生聚集有关.染色纤维的颜色产量随着染色温度的提高而提高.     

分散染料在涤/棉混纺织物热熔固色中的转移机理

涤纶纤维及其混纺织物是服用性能较好的织物。据统计表明,涤纶总产量的一半被用于涤/棉混纺。目前,涤/棉混纺的染色主要是以分散-还原或分散-活性染料采用二浴二步或一浴一步的方法。使用单一染料(活性分散)对涤/棉混纺染色的研究工作也在开展。这些染色过程都与分散染料在高温下对涤纶纤维的固色有关,所以研究分散染料对涤/棉混纺热熔固色的转移机理具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。关于染料同纤维的结合型式,Wegmann根据染料-纤维间键的性质归纳为四类:1.分子或晶体质点的“包容”,即机械     

染色对PTT纤维聚集态结构的影响

研究了染色温度和时间对PTT纤维上染率和聚集态结构的影响。结果表明,随染色温度升高,PTT纤维的上染率提高,最佳染色温度为110℃;在110℃时,染料分子容易进入纤维的非晶区,染色开始时纤维的上染率明显升高,染色时间对纤维上染率的影响不大;在90℃时,染色前期PTT纤维的上染率较低,随着染色时间的延长,纤维的结晶度和晶区取向降低,上染率明显升高;在130℃时,纤维的冷结晶过程容易发生,大分子链排列紧密,纤维的上染率降低。     

低分子量、含氮量适中的聚环氧氯丙烷胺化物对纤维素纤维改性工艺的研究

研究了低分子量、含氮适中的聚环氧氯丙烷胺化物对纤维素纤维改性的工艺条件,讨论了NaOH、PECH1- a3和染色时盐用量等影响因素。改性后的纤维素纤维具有优良的染色性能,对增深染色、降低环境污染、降低染色成本有很好的作用。     

Application of rare earth as mordant for the dyeing of ramie fabrics with natural dyes

Selecting appropriate metallic compounds as mordants is essential for dyeing with natural dyes. This paper presents the application of rare earth compounds as mordant for the dyeing of ramie fabrics with four kinds of natural dyes. The influences of pre-mordanting, simultaneous mordanting, and post-mordanting on the dyeing effect were explored. The post-mordanting was proved to give rise to the highest dye uptake. The effects of dyeing conditions including dyeing temperature and time, dyeing bath pH and the concentration of rare earth on the dye uptake were investigated systematically. The fabrics dyed with natural dyes in presence of rare earth as mordant exhibited high color shade stability in the baths with pH varying from being acidic to neutral and alkaline. Employing rare earth as mordant apparently raised the color fastness to washing, rubbing and light of the ramie fabrics dyed with the natural extracts. In comparison with the commonly used metallic salts, using rare earth chlorides as mordants can greatly reduce the ionic concentration employed in natural dyeing. This study proved that rare earth would be a kind or promising environmentally friendly mordant in natural dyeing.     

Reactive dyeing of silk using commercial acid dyes based on a three‐component Mannich‐type reaction

Acid dyes are employed for commercially dyeing silk, which results in ionic bonds between the silk fibroin and the dye. This generally leads to low wet fastness properties for dyed silk fabrics. In this work, three commercial acid dyes with aromatic primary amine structures were selected to dye silk using a Mannich‐type reaction, resulting in improved wet fastness of dyed silk by forming covalent bonds between silk fibroin and dye. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing was applied to silk fabrics at both 30 and 90°C in trials. Dyeing at 90°C can shorten the dyeing time compared with dyeing at 30°C, even although dye exhaustion and relative fixation at 90°C were a little lower. The dyeing process was optimised when the dyeing temperature was 90°C, dyebath pH 4, dye‐to‐formaldehyde ratio 1:30 and holding dyeing time 60 minutes. The results showed that the dye exhaustion on silk fabrics for the three aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes exceeded 94% and their relative fixation was over 80%. Their washing and rubbing fastness reached grade 4 or higher. Hence, the colour fastness properties of dyed silk fabrics using the Mannich‐type reactive dyeing method is superior to the conventional acid dyeing method using the same aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing for silk fabrics at 90°C can be developed into a novel and rapid reactive dyeing method, promising an effective dyeing process with excellent colour fastness.     

Effect of mercerisation and crosslinking on the dyeing properties of ramie fabric

The dyeing of ramie fabrics crosslinked with 1,2,3,4-butanetetracarboxylic acid has been studied using a typical direct dye CI Direct Red 81. Adsorption time curves from finite baths of untreated ramie, tension-mercerised ramie, slack-mercerised ramie and cotton fabrics have been compared. It has been found that mercerisation improved the equilibrium adsorption and dyeing rate, while it reduced the maximum dye adsorption and equilibrium constant on ramie fabric. Crosslinking with butanetetracarboxylic acid decreased most of these parameters related to the dyeing profile, although the activation energy of dyeing was increased. A pore model approach has been used to explain the changes in dyeing properties arising from the crosslinking of ramie using butanetetracarboxylic acid.     

Acid dyeable and printable acrylic fabrics treated with cationic aqueous polyurethane

An acid dyeable acrylic fabric has been obtained by the pretreatment with cationic aqueous polyurethane, containing different amounts of quaternary nitrogen. Cationic polyurethane has the ability to interact with the carboxylic groups in the acrylic fabrics, as well as providing basic sites suitable for acid dyeing. The prepared polyurethane has been identified with FTIR, and the effect of the pretreatment conditions on the dyeability and printability of the fabrics has been investigated. The color strength values and the fastness properties of the dyed and printed samples, reveal the ionic interaction between the sulphonic groups in the acid dye molecules and the quaternary nitrogen on the fabrics. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2011     

Mechanism involved in the dyeing of wool with an oil‐in‐water microemulsion system

This article investigates the influence of oil‐in‐water (o/w) microemulsions, used as media for both dye solubilization and dye baths, on the dye uptake on fiber surfaces. An acetic acid solution/Synperonic L7/benzyl alcohol microemulsion system was used to solubilize a water‐insoluble antimicrobial natural dye (C.I. Natural Orange 2) and to dye wool fabric at an acidic pH. The results clearly show that the dye exhaustion on the fabric took place mainly when the temperature of the dye bath promoted a change in the molecular organization of the microemulsions with the liberation of the dye solubilized in the oil droplets of the microemulsions. Although uniformly and evenly dyed fabrics were obtained, they showed very low wash fastness. To confirm the mechanism involved and to achieve dyed fabrics with good wash‐fastness properties, two different dyeing methods were also studied. The first method was dyeing at a constant low temperature, at which the o/w microemulsion remained a monophase system; the second one was dyeing at a high temperature, at which it was transformed into a multiphase system. Both the dye exhaustion and wash fastness improved considerably for the fabrics dyed at a high temperature. Moreover, uniform and even dyeing was achieved. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Application of polycarboxylic acid sodium salt in the dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dyes

In this study, the effects of polycarboxylic acid sodium salt on the dyeing of cotton with reactive dyes were evaluated by measuring and comparing the K/S values and dyeing fastnesses of the dyed cotton fabric samples. Results showed that the K/S value and dyeing fastness of cotton fabrics dyed with polycarboxylic acid sodium salt, substituting inorganic salts as exhausting agent were close to that of with sodium chloride when dip‐dyeing process was used. While, in pad‐dry dyeing, the K/S value of cotton fabric samples dyed with polyacid salts as exhausting agent was higher than that of with sodium sulfate, and the dyeing fastnesses of these samples were nearly the same. The dyeing mechanism of cotton fabric with reactive dye, using polycarboxylic acid sodium salt as exhausting agent was analyzed. The dyeing exhausting mechanism of reactive dye seems different when the inorganic salt and polycarboxylic acid sodium salt were used as exhausting agent in the dyeing of cotton fabric with reactive dye. The polycarboxylic acid sodium salt, as weak electrolyte, increased the dye‐uptake of reactive dye on cotton fabric not only by screening negative charges on cotton surface, but also by the effect of salting‐out or hydrophobic combination. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Study of physico-chemical surface treatments on dyeing properties of polyamides. Part 2: Effect of UV excimer laser irradiation

Polyamide (nylon 6) fabrics were irradiated with a 193 nm argon fluoride excimer laser and the effects on the dyeing properties of the fabrics were studied. Chemical analysis indicated that carbonisation occurred in the laser-irradiated samples. The laser treatment breaks the long chain molecules of nylon, increasing the number of amine end-groups which change the dyeing properties of acid and disperse dyes. The results suggest that laser treatment could be used to improve the dyeing properties of nylon fabric with a disperse dye.