泡沫分离法处理结晶紫染料废水的工艺

以结晶紫模拟染料废水为研究体系,对泡沫分离法脱除结晶紫染料废水色素的工艺进行了研究,考察了以表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)为捕收剂时,pH、气体流速、表面活性剂浓度、装液量对脱色效果的影响,利用正交实验确定了优化操作条件. 结果表明,当pH为11.0、气速0.018 m3/h、SDBS浓度450 mg/L、装液量500 mL时,富集比为10.3,废水中结晶紫脱色率为93.5%.     

Fenton试剂对染料废水的降解脱色作用研究

为了进一步探讨Fenton法对某些难降解有机物的降解效果,研究影响降解的诸多因素,以甲基橙模拟染料废水为研究对象,以色度和COD去除率为检测指标,研究了Fenton反应中pH值、H2O2浓度、Fe2+离子浓度、反应时间、温度对甲基橙模拟染料废水脱色率及COD去除率的影响规律.结果表明:Fenten试剂可有效地去除甲基橙模拟染料废水中的色度和COD.染料浓度为200mg/L时,在pH=4、20℃、H2O2=(浓度为30%)投量为0.6mL/L、硫酸亚铁投量为200mg/L时,反应60min,甲基橙模拟染料废水的色度去除率可以达到99.66%,COD的去除率可达88%.     

TiO_2/ZnO复合膜-H_2O_2光催化体系对甲基橙废水的降解脱色

采用仿生合成法制备TiO2/ZnO复合膜光催化剂,并以氙灯模拟日光光源,甲基橙为模型反应物,研究了催化剂投加量、H2O2投加量、溶液初始浓度、pH值和催化剂重复使用等因素对H2O2协同光解脱色甲基橙效率的影响。结果表明,当pH值为6,催化剂投加量为0.7 g/L,H2O2投加量为3.90 mmol/L时,对初始质量浓度为15 mg/L的甲基橙废水,130 min内脱色率达100%。酸性对光催化反应有促进作用,碱性对反应有抑制作用。催化剂重复使用5次后,处理130 min对甲基橙染料废水的脱色率仍可超过70%。     

泡沫分离法提取乙醇水体系中甲基橙

采用泡沫分离法对含甲基橙的乙醇水溶液进行了提取研究. 考察了乙醇体积分数、气体流量、pH、甲基橙浓度和表面活性剂浓度对提取效果的影响,并对泡沫分离乙醇-水体系中提取中药有效成分的可行性进行了探讨. 结果表明,以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)为表面活性剂,在乙醇体积分数25%的乙醇-水体系中,在pH 6.0、气速80 mL/min、甲基橙浓度35 mg/L及CTAB浓度80 mg/L的操作条件下,甲基橙的富集比为14.38,回收率在98.5%以上. 在一定范围内提高表面活性剂浓度或加入稳泡剂以削弱乙醇的消泡作用,从而将泡沫分离技术应用于乙醇-水体系中中药有效成分的提取是可能的.     

杂多酸盐／聚苯胺／TiO2复合材料光催化降解甲基橙

以PW11Ti／PANI/TiO2为光催化剂,在太阳光照射下,研究了模拟染料废水甲基橙溶液的光催化降解的反应,讨论了甲基橙溶液的酸度、溶液的初始浓度以及催化剂投加量等对甲基橙溶液脱色效果的影响。结果表明：催化剂加入量为10mg,甲基橙的初始浓度为20mg／L,pH=4,脱色率达到85．62％。     

电絮凝处理甲基橙废水的实验及动力学模型

采用电絮凝法处理甲基橙模拟染料废水,研究了染料脱色的影响因素及其COD_Cr去除动力学。考察了静置时间、槽电压、极板间距、初始浓度、pH值以及电解质浓度对甲基橙染料脱色效率的影响。结果表明,槽电压为20 V,电流为0.4 A,极板间距为2.5 cm,废水体积为500 ml,甲基橙初始浓度为500 mg·L^-1,溶液pH值为3.0,电解质KCl的浓度为0.5 g·L^-1时,反应10 min后甲基橙脱色率可达97 %。根据电絮凝的絮凝沉淀理论和氧化反应机理,建立COD_Cr去除反应动力学模型,模型与实验数据拟合较好。通过模型参数的预测可以揭示甲基橙降解主要以絮凝沉淀为主,氧化降解为辅,同时溶液中二价铁Fe(II)的增加会影响COD_Cr去除率的下降。     

泡沫分离法脱除铜离子色素工艺

在水溶液中,相当一部分色素在一定条件下带正电荷或负电荷,因此文中以水溶液中的铜离子为色素研究体系,十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为起泡剂,探索泡沫分离法脱除水溶液中离子色素的工艺。单因素实验研究了铜离子色素脱除率和富集比随pH值、鼓泡气体流量、表面活性剂质量浓度及泡沫塔装液量的变化规律和机理,结果表明,十二烷基硫酸钠对泡沫分离法脱除铜离子色素具有良好的效果。在此基础上通过正交实验得到最佳操作工艺为:pH值5.0,气体流量80 mL/min,表面活性剂质量浓度0.15 g/L,装液量220 mL,此工艺下铜离子色素脱除率为99.4%,富集比为20.8。     

酸性橙Ⅱ的化学氧化脱色和矿化

研究了使用NaClO化学氧化处理酸性橙Ⅱ(C．I．Acid Orange 7)模拟染料废水分别以484nm、310nm、255nm波长处吸光值为主要指标,跟踪染料的脱色降解,推测其反应为连串反应。考察了NaClO投加量,染料浓度、温度和 PH值等主要因素对模拟废水脱色的影响。结果表明:用NaClO化学氧化处理0．1mmol/L的酸性橙Ⅱ模拟染料废水时,最佳pH=10,当NaClO与染料的摩尔比为18,温度为30℃,反应时间30分钟,脱色率可达100％,pH值对染料的矿化有很大影响,碱性条件下反应6小时,TOC去除率为50％,酸性或中性条件下去除不明显。     

污泥活性炭处理亚甲基蓝染料废水的研究

采用污泥活性炭处理亚甲基蓝模拟染料废水,研究了模拟废水初始浓度、污泥活性炭投加量、pH值、水浴吸附时间等因素对染料废水的脱色率和COD去除率的影响,探讨污泥活性炭处理染料废水的适宜工艺条件。实验结果表明:随着染料废水初始浓度的增大,脱色率和COD去除率均表现出下降趋势;随着污泥活性炭投加量的增加,脱色率和COD去除率效果均十分明显;随着模拟废水pH值的增大,其脱色率基本呈现增大趋势,而COD去除率则先增大后减小,当pH在7.6～7.8时,脱色率与COD去除率均出现最大值;在延长水浴时间的同时,脱色率和COD去除率均表现出较好的效果。本实验处理染料废水的适宜条件为:染料废水的初始浓度为2.5mg/L,调节染料废水的pH值7~8,加入0.8g污泥活性炭,30℃条件下2h。     

泡沫分离回收水溶液中高浓度CTAB的工艺

泡沫分离技术是回收水溶液中表面活性剂的一种有效方法。然而当表面活性剂浓度接近或者超过其临界胶束浓度(CMC)时,富集比会迅速下降。因此研究了温度与椭球塔共同作用强化排液的泡沫分离回收水溶液中高浓度表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)。结果表明在温度60℃、气体流量100 mL×min~(-1)、装液量300 mL的条件下,CTAB溶液浓度为3.1 g×L~(-1)时,富集比为7.03,开发的两级泡沫分离工艺降低了残液中CTAB浓度从而增加回收率至99.8%,消泡液和残液浓度分别为21.8 g×L~(-1)和0.031 g×L~(-1)。     

Enhanced decolorization of reactive black 5 dye by active carbon sorbent-immobilized-cationic surfactant (AC-CS)

Activated carbon-immobilized-cationic surfactant (AC-CS) was designed to enhance the decolorization behavior of reactive black 5 (RB5), as an anionic dye, from aqueous and industrial wastewater samples in presence of various controlling experimental conditions. Experimental data indicated that the dye adsorption capacity by (AC-CS) was higher in strongly acidic and basic solutions. An anion exchange and ion–ion interaction mechanisms were proposed in the acidic solution, while only anion exchange mechanism was suggested in the basic aqueous solution. The adsorption behavior and thermodynamic parameters were also evaluated. Treatments of textile industrial wastewater and real water samples were successfully established (95.23–100.00%).     

Effects of Dodecyl Trimethyl Ammonium Bromide Surfactant on Decolorization of Remazol Blue by a Living Aspergillus versicolor Strain

The effect of dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) cationic surfactant on Remazol Blue reactive dye bioremoval properties of a growing Aspergillus versicolor strain in a molasses medium was investigated in a batch system as a function of pH, dye and surfactant concentrations. To determine the optimal pH value in the presence of 0.5?mM DTAB pH 3 to 7 was examined and pH 6 was selected. The dye concentrations of 50, 100, 200, 400 and 800?mg/L were examined with 0.5?mM DTAB and maximum decolorization occurred in 100?mg/L dye (98.8?%). The surfactant concentration of 0.1, 0.5, 1 and 2?mM DTAB was performed in 100 and 800?mg/L dye. The effect of surfactant concentration (0.1 to 2?mM DTAB) in a fungal growth experiment has shown that DTAB inhibited fungal growth. The decolorization was increased from 53.6?% (dry weight: 1.31?g/L) to 100?% (dry weight:0.93?g/L) while the surfactant concentrations were increased from 0.1 to 1?mM. A. versicolor (dry weight: 0.93?g/L) showed its maximum dye removal activity, namely 100?% in 100?mg/L dye with 1?mM DTAB at pH 6 in 3?days. The use of surfactants in biological wastewater treatment process will save energy and lower energy costs (such as the required energy for treat techniques) by shortening the incubation period. The results showed that the A. versicolor strain, which produces laccase enzyme, can effectively decolorize reactive dyes by the enhancement of DTAB. Surfactant enhanced decolorization technology is one of the feasible approaches to remove textile dye from wastewater.     

焦化废水脱色研究进展

焦化废水成分复杂,且各种有色物质相互作用,使得焦化废水的脱色成为一个难题。介绍了生物法、吸附法、絮凝法、化学氧化法及膜法在焦化废水脱色中的应用,叙述了各种方法的基本原理、操作条件、处理效果及优缺点,并在此基础上探讨了焦化废水脱色的发展趋势,指出对脱色机理的研究、发展高级氧化技术及多种技术联合使用是今后焦化废水脱色的研究方向。     

污泥回用技术及回用工艺研究

讨论了在纺织印染污水处理中FeSO4絮凝污泥的回流脱色可行性.污泥回用的工艺为二级脱色,即首先用回流的污泥对印染污水进行脱色,污泥沉淀后排出系统.然后再用新鲜的FeSO4溶液进一步脱色,形成的污泥回流至第一脱色阶段.该工艺的优点是可以大幅度减少新鲜FeSO4的用量,继而减少污泥总量.     

有机修饰钛交联粘土对染料废水的脱色性能研究

以甲基橙溶液为模拟染料废水,研究了十六烷基三甲基溴化铵修饰的钛交联粘土对染料废水的脱色性能。结果表明:有机修饰钛交联粘土对染料废水的脱色性能较原土、钠改性蒙脱土、钛交联粘土有显著提高。在室温条件下,当吸附剂用量为2.0g/L,脱色时间为40min,溶液pH值在4～8之间时,甲基橙的脱色率达95%以上。     

Fe/Mn oxide decorated polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membrane as heterogeneous Fenton reactor for methylene blue decolorization

A very distinctive modification route was schemed to fabricate a membrane reactor that could heterogeneously catalyze Fenton reactions to decolorize dye wastewater in the process of filtration. Through this route, porogen-free polyacrylonitrile (PAN) hollow fiber membrane was decorated with in situ generated well-distributed Fe/Mn composite oxide, and the so-called membrane reactor was finally acquired. Its performance of decolorizing dye wastewater was evaluated by feeding methylene blue (MB) aqueous solution into its lumen side and analyzing the permeate gained from its shell side. The results showed that about 97.4% of MB could be removed from its aqueous solution as the solution passed through the shell side of hollow fiber membrane, and this removal efficiency would keep unchanged when operation period was lengthened. The membrane reactor presented excellent capability to decolorize MB aqueous solution and could be used repeatedly without any loss in decolorization efficiency. Finally, the mechanism of causing MB decolorization was proposed by comparing decolorization performance of modified and unmodified membranes, measuring total organic carbon, and analyzing UV–Vis spectra. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 48217.     

铁屑内电解法对活性艳红X-3B脱色过程的机理研究

人工配制活性艳红X-3B染料废水,与铁屑混合利用摇床进行脱色过程机理研究。采用测定反应产物苯胺方法及添加EDTA的对照实验对反应过程中的铁屑的内电解还原和铁离子的絮凝作用进行研究。结果表明,铁屑的内电解还原对染料废水的最终降解脱色起到重要作用。染料废水脱色是一个先大量吸附再进行内电解还原,逐步反应的过程。铁离子的絮凝作用能有效促进染料废水色度去除率的提高。     

染色废水的还原脱色及其回用

使用还原型双组分脱色剂对含有不同种类水溶性染料的染色废水进行脱色处理，重点研究了脱色剂用量、反应温度、pH值和时间对脱色反应的影响。并且将脱色后的染色废水回用于织物染色中，在染料的上染速率曲线和颜色特征方面进行了比较。结果表明，随着脱色刑用量的增加，染色废水的脱色率都逐渐升高：中性pH条件和温度的升高均可以促进染色废水的脱色；在60℃～700℃，脱色率可达到90％；在常温下3～5分钟内完成脱色，而直接染料不超过15分钟，脱色废水能够回用于织物染色中，染料的上染曲线几乎没有变化，染色深度和色差变化极小。