合成树脂/硅灰石复合材料性能分析及其在室内家具中的应用

在简述了聚丙烯(PP)材料在室内家具中应用现状的基础上,提出了对PP进行填充改性可以大幅度提高其力学性能,降低使用成本并拓宽适用场景。选择了硅灰石作为主要填料,制备了PP-SBM(苯乙烯、甲基丙烯酸丁酯和马来酸酐三单体接枝改性聚丙烯)相容剂对硅灰石进行改性,设计了PP/W(聚丙烯/硅灰石)复合材料力学性能实验,介绍了实验中的主要仪器与材料,分析了改性硅灰石和相容剂在材料中的质量分数对力学性能的影响,分析了不同种类的相容剂对力学性能的影响,从改性硅灰石微观结构角度总结了材料力学性能提高的原因,并对未来优化方向进行了预测。     

聚丙烯/硅灰石复合材料的改性

综述了近年来国内外关于硅灰石改性聚丙烯(PP)过程中表面处理、工艺条件对PP/硅灰石复合材料性能的影响以及硅灰石与乙烯辛烯共聚物（POE）、部分氢化聚苯乙烯丁二烯共聚物（SEBS）等材料复合改性PP的研究现状,并展望了PP/硅灰石复合材料的发展前景。     

机械力化学改性硅灰石/聚丙烯性能的研究

利用气流磨对硅灰石进行机械力化学改性，并用IR分析对改性效果进行了预评价；对比了用改性前后的硅灰石填充聚丙烯(PP)的性能。结果表明：改性后硅灰石分别为由亲水疏油性变为亲油疏水性；硬脂酸质量分数为1．5％时，改性硅灰石／PP复合材料的拉伸强度和冲击强度最好。     

SIVO408改性硅灰石在聚丙烯树脂中的应用研究

文章采用低聚短链烷基硅烷SIVO408对硅灰石进行表面改性,然后与聚丙烯树脂(PP)熔融共混制备PP树脂基复合材料,研究了改性硅灰石的填充份数对PP树脂基复合材料的密度、熔体流动速率、热变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度和弯曲模量等性能的影响。结果表明：改性硅灰石的加入增大了PP树脂基复合材料的密度,与纯PP树脂相比,填充30份改性硅灰石的PP树脂基复合材料的密度从0.898 g/cm³增大到1.049 g/cm³;显著改善了PP树脂基复合材料的热性能,硅灰石添加份数为20份时其热变形温度达到最高值82.5℃,升高了9.9℃(13.6%)。重要的是,改性硅灰石在高填充量的情况下基本不会影响PP树脂基复合材料的加工流动性和拉伸强度,明显提高了PP树脂基复合材料的弯曲强度和弯曲模量,硅灰石添加份数为25份时PP树脂基复合材料的弯曲强度达到最大值35.890 MPa,增加了3.5410 MPa(10.9%),硅灰石添加份数为30份时PP树脂基复合材料的弯曲模量最大为1 709.50 MPa,增加了435.40 MPa(34.2%)。     

聚丙烯/硅灰石复合材料的性能研究进展

硅灰石填充聚丙烯(PP)可以提高其刚性,并显著降低其生产成本。本文综述了PP/硅灰石复合材料的结晶行为、力学性能和热性能等方面的研究进展。硅灰石对PP结晶具有异相成核作用,能够提高PP的结晶温度,但主要形成α-PP。同时硅灰石对PP具有一定的增强和增韧作用,改善PP的模量和冲击强度。凭借独特的纤维结构,优异的增强效果和低廉的价格,硅灰石在PP改性领域具有广阔的应用前景。     

PP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能的研究

采用熔融共混法制备了聚丙烯(PP)/硅灰石复合材料,考察了硅灰石表面处理及其用量对PP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明:硅灰石粉体经偶联剂甜菜碱(CAB)表面改性处理后,其填充复合材料的拉伸强度、断裂强度和冲击强度均比未处理体系有所提高。随着改性硅灰石用量的增加,PP/硅灰石复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度均先升后降,其中当改性硅灰石用量为10 phr时,复合材料的拉伸强度和断裂强度均达到最大值,分别比纯PP提高了17%和63%;另外,当改性硅灰石用量为40 phr时,复合材料的冲击强度达到最大值(2.59 kJ/m2),比纯PP提高了29%。     

聚丙烯/硅灰石复合材料反应增容研究

采用马来酸酐(MAH)在聚丙烯(PP)与硅灰石之间进行反应增容,改善了PP/硅灰石复合材料的热性能和力学性能.通过扫描电子显微镜观察了复合材料冲击断面的形貌,并测试了复合材料的负荷变形温度、拉伸性能、弯曲性能和冲击性能.结果表明,在MAH质量分数不超过5%时,PP和硅灰石之间的界面结合情况明显改善,复合材料的负荷变形温度、拉伸强度、弯曲强度、弯曲弹性模量显著提高,最大值分别达到75℃、36.1 MPa、50.3MPa、2.6 GPa.     

硅灰石表面改性研究及应用

利用硅烷偶联剂KH570改性硅灰石,并用其填充聚丙烯制备复合材料(KW/PP)。通过比较水接触角考察了KH570用量、改性时间及改性温度对硅灰石表面改性效果的影响,并用红外光谱、扫描电镜对复合材料进行表征。结果表明:当KH570为硅灰石质量的4%,改性时间为2 h,改性温度为80℃时,改性效果最好。KW/PP复合材料的冲击强度与弯曲强度较纯PP有明显提高。     

LDPE对PP／硅灰石复合材料增韧改性的研究

将PP与高填充量的硅灰石通过双螺杆挤出机熔融共混制得了PP/硅灰石复合材料;将PP/硅灰石复合材料与LDPE通过双螺杆挤出机进行二次共混制得了PP/LDPE/硅灰石三元复合材料;研究了硅灰石对PP的热变形温度(HDT)和力学性能的影响以及LDPE对PP/硅灰石复合材料HDT和力学性能的影响.结果表明,硅灰石能大幅度地提高PP的弯曲性能和HDT,但使其拉伸强度和冲击强度有所下降;随LDPE质量分数的增加,PP/LDPE/硅灰石复合材料的HDT、拉仲强度和弯曲性能下降,而冲击韧性明显改善.LDPE不能改善硅灰石与基体间的相容性;但在复合材料受冲击力作用时,可引发基体产生屈服变形,从而改善复合材料的冲击性能.     

改性超细硅灰石材料在聚丙烯塑料中的应用研究

用各种改性剂对超细硅灰石粉体进行改性,通过双螺杆挤出机与聚丙烯进行混合改性造粒,在扫描电镜中观察了硅灰石与塑料的结合情况,对注塑试样测试并分析了相关性能,同时与滑石等其他无机粉体改性PP材料进行了对比,结果表明:硅灰石改性PP具有更好的力学性能和耐刮擦性能。     

超支化聚合物对聚丙烯/剑麻纤维复合材料性能影响

为改善剑麻纤维(SF)与聚丙烯(PP)之间的相容性,在PP/SF复合材料中添加超支化聚酯(H101)、超支化环氧树脂(E102),研究了两种超支化聚合物(HBP)的热稳定性及对PP/SF复合材力学性能、熔体流动性和微观形貌的影响。热重分析表明,所使用的HBP均具有较好的热稳定性;扫描电子显微镜分析发现,HBP的加入使基体与纤维结合得更加紧密;力学性能测试表明,H101可不同程度地提高复合材料的拉伸、弯曲及冲击强度;E102可提高复合材料的拉伸及冲击强度,当E102含量为10%时,与PP/SF复合材料相比,冲击强度提高了72.24%。尽管HBP含量较高时复合材料的力学性能提高,但HBP会降低复合材料的熔体流动速率,选择HBP含量时需要综合考虑。     

PBMA原位包覆硅灰石填充改性聚丙烯的研究

采用不同的方法处理硅灰石填充改性PP,研究了经不同处理工艺处理的硅灰石对PP复合材料力学性能及加工流动性的影响。结果表明:在相同用量下,经PBMA表面包覆方法处理的复合材料比偶联剂JN-101处理的屈服强度要高,同时经过表面包覆的硅灰石能使PP屈服强度提高45.9%。SEM分析表明:经表面包覆的硅灰石分散能力大幅度提高,与基体界面结合较好;复合材料的熔体流动速率随着包覆硅灰石添加量的增加而降低。     

红磷阻燃PA6/PP/硅灰石复合材料的制备

以采用固相力化学方法制备的聚丙烯接枝羟甲基丙烯酰胺作增容剂，红磷作阻燃剂制备了阻燃型硅灰石填充PA6／PP复合材料，该复合材料具有很好的力学和阻燃性能，当红磷的质量分数为6．5％时，该复合材料的极限氧指数达到32％，拉伸强度为57．5MPa，悬臂梁缺口冲击强度为37J/m。     

PP/硅灰石/EPDM体系组分与形态结构对冲击韧性的影响

利用双螺杆挤出机制备PP/硅灰石/EPDM三元复合物,通过扫描电镜和冲击实验等研究了该复合物组分变化和形态结构对其力学性能,特别是冲击韧性的影响。控制组分和形态结构可以得到冲击韧性和刚度同时提高的力学性能均衡的复合材料。     

The influence and mechanism of elastomer types on electrical and mechanical properties of polypropylene insulation materials for high voltage cables

Polypropylene (PP) becomes a superior candidate material for new environmentally friendly cable main insulation with its excellent heat resistance, electrical properties, and degradability. However, in practical application, PP material is aging and vulnerable and its toughness is poor. The mechanical properties of PP material can be improved by elastomer modification, but the effects of different elastomers on the comprehensive properties of composite specimens are quite different. In this paper, the electrical and mechanical properties of different types of elastomer-modified PP composites are compared and analyzed by combining experimental and molecular simulation (MS) methods. The experimental results show that the SEBS/PP composite material has the lowest trap energy levels among all kinds of composite materials, its space charge accumulation is 1.96 × 10⁻⁹C, and the mechanical and rheological properties improvement of the composite is the most remarkable. Meanwhile, the volume resistivity is reduced by two orders of magnitude compared with pure PP. However, the breakdown strength of all kinds of composite materials decreases by different degrees after the modification. The solubility parameters (δ) and the free volume are further investigated by the molecular simulation, which shows that the δ of SEBS is similar to that of PP, which represents the best compatibility. Moreover, the SEBS/PP composite material has the strongest inter-molecular force and the most excellent toughness improvement for PP. This work provides a theoretical basis for elastomer selection in PP modification.     

振动力场对聚丙烯/硅灰石复合材料性能的影响

采用三螺杆动态混炼挤出机通过熔融共混制备了聚丙烯(PP)/硅灰石复合材料,研究了振动工艺参数对材料力学性能及微观形态结构的影响。结果表明,PP/硅灰石复合材料的力学性能对振动参数的响应并不是单调增加,而是存在一个最佳的响应范围。在这一范围内,其综合力学性能得到极大提高。     

Preparation and characterization of wollastonite/titanium oxide nanofiber bioceramic composite as a future implant material

In this study, novel composites consisting of electrospun titanium dioxide (TiO₂) nanofibers incorporated into high-purity wollastonite glass ceramics were prepared as materials for use in hard tissue engineering applications. These materials were characterized and investigated by means of physical, mechanical and in vitro studies. The proposed composite showed greater densification and better mechanical characteristics compared to pure wollastonite. The influence of densification temperature and TiO₂ content was investigated. Typically, TiO₂/wollastonite composites having 0, 10, 20 and 30 wt% metal oxide nanofibers were sintered at 900, 1100 and 1250 °C. The results indicated that increasing TiO₂ nanofibers content leads to increase the bulk density, compressive strength and microhardness with negligible, high and moderate influence for the densification temperature, respectively. While porosity and water adsorption capacity decreased with increasing the metal oxide nanofibers with a considerable impact for the sintering temperature in both properties. Moreover, bone-like apatite formed on the surface of wollastonite and wollastonite/TiO₂ nanofibers soaked in simulated body fluid (SBF). All these results show that the inclusion of TiO₂ nanofibers improved the characteristics of wollastonite while preserving its in vitro bioactivity; hence, the proposed composite may be used as a bone substitute in high load bearing sites.     

Studies on PA6–PP–wollastonite composite compatibilised by PP–graft–maleic anhydride prepared via pan milling

Abstract

A composite of PA6–PP–wollastonite compatibilised by PP-g-maleic anhydride has been prepared using pan type milling equipment, and its structure and properties investigated by IR, DSC, melt index measurements, SEM, and mechanical testing. The experimental results show that during pan milling, PP, PA6, and wollastonite are effectively pulverised, reaching better mixing owing to the very strong shear forces and pressure exerted by the pan type milling equipment. In particular, some PA6 polymer chains are grafted onto the wollastonite surface and the pan milling affects the crystallinity of PA6 and PP to some degree. The compatibiliser prepared via solid phase grafting of maleic anhydride onto PP via pan milling shows a reasonably good compatibilising effect on the composite, improving the morphology and therefore the mechanical properties of the composite. If combined with suitable coupling agent, the PA6–PP–wollastonite compatibilised by PP-g-maleic anhydride prepared via pan milling (wollastonite content 30 wt-%) possesses much better mechanical properties, its tensile strength increases from 54·6 to 58·6 MPa, and its notched Izod impact strength increases from 29·4 to 48·7 J m^-1, compared with the uncompatibilised system. Pan milling is a novel way to achieve desired structure and hence improved properties of polymer based materials via the polymer processing procedure.     

等规聚丙烯/针状硅灰石复合材料性能的研究

将针状硅灰石、马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)和等规聚丙烯(iPP)经双螺杆挤出机熔融共混,制备了iPP/硅灰石复合材料。研究了共混工艺条件、PP-g-MAH和硅灰石用量对iPP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能和熔体质量流动速率的影响;用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分别观察了硅灰石共混前后的形貌和iPP/硅灰石复合材料冲击试样断面的形貌。实验结果表明:硅灰石采用侧喂料和较低的螺杆转速,可以提高iPP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能。随着硅灰石质量分数的增加,复合材料的力学性能提高。在PP-g-MAH质量分数为1%,硅灰石质量分数为30%时,iPP/硅灰石复合材料力学性能最好。