回波信号限幅对声学多普勒测速偏差的影响

声学多普勒测速设备常采用复协方差算法测量多普勒频移，当回波信号出现限幅时会产生频移测量偏差，进而导致测速偏差。文章基于复协方差算法分析了回波信号限幅引起多普勒测速偏差问题的原因，得出限幅后频移测量偏差随真实频移变化而呈现正弦振荡变化的规律，分别使用窄带和宽带发射信号完成回波限幅仿真计算。基于声学多普勒测速仿真器和海上试验完成了对声学多普勒测速设备回波限幅数据的采集，仿真和试验数据结果与理论分析结果一致。     

高速小目标回波信号仿真研究

提出基于回波叠加的数值仿真模型,用于目标回波信号的仿真;根据仿真条件,结合多普勒频移公式建立目标回波的理论模型,计算回波信号的频率参数;将目标回波的数值模型和理论模型进行比较,验证了数值模型的有效性,并由此获得高速小目标的回波特性,为进一步的目标回波检测奠定基础。     

宽带多普勒测速技术中跨周期模糊问题的研究

宽带声学多普勒流速剖面仪,利用伪随机编码调制发射脉冲信号以及复相关算法计算各水层反射回波的多普勒频移,进而达到测速的目的。复相关算法中,在排除模糊速度干扰的情况下,测速精度与脉冲信号的长度存在正比的关系。而脉冲宽度越长,所用来调制发射脉冲信号的编码阶数也越高,随之带来的便是速度模糊的问题。在复相关测频算法的基础上,针对长编码脉冲信号出现的周期性测频模糊情况,利用短编码脉冲信号的测频结果作为判别标准,选取恰当的周期性频偏作为计算结果,既提高了测速精度,又解决了精度提高所带来的周期性速度模糊问题,并且在实际应用中,提高了低信噪比条件下的测速精度。     

一种解决BBADCP测速模糊的方法

宽带声学多普勒海流剖面仪采用重复相位编码信号和复协方差方法进行频移量的估计．具有较高的测速精度,但是在测速上具有速度模糊,在不改变原有的系统结构的基础上对宽带多普勒海流剖面仪的信号处理方法进行改进,提出采用回波自相关的第一个旁瓣的位置解决测速模糊的方法,并推导了计算公式。最后进行了数字计算和仿真。结果证明了这种方法的正确性和可行性。     

一种提高多普勒测速仪测频精度的方法

多普勒测速仪是水面或水下平台速度测量的主要设备。提出了利用随机样本一致(Random Sample Consensus,RANSAC)算法来估计多普勒频移,从而使速度测量具有更高的稳定性。多普勒测速仪信号处理的核心是测量多普勒频移,该方法利用回波复相关相位是多普勒频移的一次函数来估计多普勒频移,进而计算得到平台速度,在估计频移时采用RANSAC算法以提高测频精度。为了验证方法有效性,对信号形式为连续波(Continuous Wave,CW)脉冲对的情形进行了仿真。结果表明,提出方法的稳定性得到明显提高。     

宽带声学多普勒流量剖面仪的系统仿真

90年代初发展起来的宽带声学多普勒流量剖面仪克服了传统窄带ADCP存在距离分辨力与速度分辨力之间的矛盾，从而解决了低速浅水河流流量(流速)精确测量的问题，是一种有着广泛应用前景的先进水文遥测仪器。文章中着重分析了BBADCP(宽带声学多普勒流量剖面仪)如何通过时间选通采样从河流不同深度返回的后向散射回波，实现测距离的目的；如何测量回波的多普勒频移，实现测流速的目的。文中从二维信号矢量的角度分析了多普勒频移调制和解调的过程，推导出提取速度信息的信号处理方法。文中最后采取等效基带仿真方法，运用匹配滤波器理论设计了一个BBADCP系统模型，通过仿真手段验证了文中对BBADCP的分析结果。     

声纳目标回声模拟器

本发明是模拟目标回声的装置。它将水听器接收的声纳脉冲改变成模拟回声信号加到发射器上。回声波被模拟成脉冲序列,脉冲的间隔相当于声纳脉冲在被模拟目标上能产生主回波的不连续点之间的传播时间,脉冲的幅度按不连续点的相应目标强度加以控制,脉冲的间隔内加了具有所期望的包络特性的白噪声。模拟信号还引入了选定的多普勒频移。反馈消除电路可以消除声反馈的影响。     

目标回波模拟技术的靶场应用

为实现海面靶标目标模拟,利用数字射频存储和相干转发技术构建了目标回波模拟器,完成导引头信号的接收、变频、处理,产生多路不同延时、不同多普勒频率和相位的目标回波信号合路输出,制作了原理样机进行海上试验验证.研究结果表明,该装置能够模拟点目标和体目标,解决了宽带、多体制兼容问题,且参数设置灵活,操作使用方便.     

运动声源的多普勒信号仿真

运动声源会产生多普勒频移信号，本文以简单的点声源为例讨论了运动声源产生多普勒频移信号的原理，并根据这一原理编制了相应的程序来直观的表示。为分析多普勒频移信号提供信号源。     

舰船辐射噪声线谱多普勒分析的ESPRIT方法

利用运动目标线谱的多普勒频移特性估计目标参数,需要精确提取出多普勒频移曲线。针对舰船辐射线谱噪声多普勒频移曲线提取的短时傅里叶变换（Short Time Fourier Transform,STFT）方法存在分辨率门限的问题,提出了一种利用子空间旋转不变技术（ESPRIT）高分辨频率估计法与STFT相结合的方法,提高了频率估计的精度和分辨率,可很精确地提取出频率间隔较近的多普勒频移曲线,而且计算量较小。计算机仿真和水池实验验证了该方法的有效性。     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.     

新闻(英文)

正China and Greece Sign the Standardization Cooperation Agreement Witnessed by Chinese Premier Li Keqiang and Greek Prime Minister Antonis Samaras,AQSIQ Minister Zhi Shuping and ELOT Chairman and Executive Director Angelos Tolkas signed the SAC-ELOT Standardization Cooperation Agreement.The Agreement is one of the critical cooperation documents signed during Li Keqiang’s visit in Greece,encouraging China and Greece to     

Win-Win Cooperation

正The Chinese Premier Li Keqiang's recent trip to the UK has reinforced the China-UK comprehensive strategic partnership;just as the British Prime Minister David Cameron put it,"the relationship is gaining in strength,depth and understanding"after a bucket of business deals being inked worth more than 30 billion US dollars.From the first agreement signing in 2004 to the new agreement of mutual standards recognition and adoption in     

Systematic Approach for Emerging Industry

正A national directory of standards complexes for strategic emerging sectors was recently developed and released jointly by 12governmental departments,namely,SAC,NDRC,MOST,MIIT,MEP,MOA,AQSIQ,State Forest Administration,State Administration of Science and Technology for National Defense,State Oceanic Administration and National Railway Administration.     

Strictest Pollutants Emission Standards

正Four new national standards on air pollutant emission control offi cially issued by the Ministry of Environment Protection(MEP)together with AQSIQ and SAC has been brought into force from July 1,2014.The Emission standard for air pollutants of coal-burning,oil-burning and gasfi red boilers,which is the strictest emission standard historically,will tackle the stubborn pollution problem of boilers and waste incineration in most of China’s regions.     

Instructions to Authors

New Carbon Materials is a bimonthly journal published with the permission of the Ministry of Science and Technology and of the State News and Publication Agency.The journal is sponsored by the Institute of Coal Chemistry,Chinese Academy of Sciences,and is published by Science Press.Aims and Scope     

Progress on Standards Copyright Protection

正Recently,National Copyright Administration of China(NCAC)has rewarded 215 organizations and 179 individuals for their outstanding efforts on investigating standards copyright infringement and piracy in 2013.Hua Jianhua,the Deputy-Director of National Standards Copyright Protection Workgroup Office won a third prize of the national individual award.In 2012,SAC set up the national standards copyright protection working group,and developed policies to crack down standards infringement and piracy behaviors and to strengthen standards copyright protection.