管间距对折齿型螺旋翅片管束性能影响的数值模拟及试验研究

折齿型螺旋翅片管是在平齿型螺旋翅片管基础上发展而来的.它具有更好的强化换热性能,在烟气余热回收等领域,有着良好的应用前景.为了获得管间距对折齿型螺旋翅片管束换热与阻力特性的影响规律,对8个错列布置的折齿型螺旋翅片管束进行了数值模拟研究,并进行了模化试验验证.结果表明:在相同Re数和相对纵向间距S2/do下,相对横向间距S1/do=2.00～3.26范围内,存在最优S1/do使得管束气侧Nu数最大,气侧Eu数随S1/do的增大而明显减小;在相同Re数和S1/do下,S2/do=2.16 ～3.00范围内,存在最优S2/do使得管束气侧Nu数最大,气侧Eu数随S2/do的增大而稍有降低;数值模拟与模化试验结果偏差较小,相关的研究方法及结果可为进一步优化折齿型螺旋翅片管束布置提供参考.     

翅片结构对单向开缝翅片管换热器传热与阻力性能的影响

通过对不同开缝数量、不同相对开缝高度的单向开缝翅片管换热器进行模拟,分析开缝数量、相对开缝高度对单向开缝翅片管换热器传热与阻力性能的影响规律。结果表明:在开缝数量为3～7片时,翅片侧Nu和f因子随着开缝数量的增加而增大,但Nu增幅逐渐减小;将开缝的数量取为5片能得到最好的综合性能;在相对开缝高度为0.3～0.7时,翅片侧Nu和f因子随着相对开缝高度的增加而增大,但当相对开缝高度在0.5～0.7范围内,翅片侧Nu的增幅减小;将相对开缝高度取为0.5能得到最好的综合性能。     

连续型与锯齿型螺旋翅片管翅片效率计算与分析

介绍了烟气换热领域常用的两类高频焊钢质螺旋翅片管.指出目前存在多种连续型与锯齿型高频焊螺旋翅片管翅片效率计算方法,不便于同类换热实验结果的相互比较.通过深入分析与计算比较,对连续型与锯齿型高频焊螺旋翅片管分别给出了建议的翅片效率计算方法,供相关的工程设计及实验研究选用.两种管型的翅片效率比较表明,锯齿翅片的翅片效率较高,提高的幅度随翅片高度增大而增大.     

螺旋翅片管束传热和阻力特性的试验研究

对13个不同翅片间距、翅片高度、横向管间距、纵向管间距的螺旋翅片管束换热器在不同雷诺数条件下的传热和阻力特性进行了试验研究,得出了翅片间距、翅片高度、横向管间距、纵向管间距及雷诺数与换热特性Nu和阻力特性Eu的准则关系式,并对准则关系式进行了分析.结果表明:随着横向管间距和翅片间距的增大,螺旋翅片管的传热得到强化,但随着纵向管间距和翅片高度的增加,螺旋翅片管的传热有所减弱;随着横向管间距、纵向管间距和翅片间距的增大,螺旋翅片管的阻力减少,但随着翅片高度的增加,螺旋翅片管的阻力增加.     

翅片参数对开缝翅片管换热器换热与阻力性能的影响

在模化试验验证的基础上,通过数值模拟,获得了翅片间距P_f及开缝数量n_s对开缝翅片管换热器性能的影响规律:n_s≤6时,翅片侧Nu和流动阻力均随着P_f增大而减小;n_s6时,翅片侧Nu随P_f增大先减小后增大,而阻力逐渐降低;P_f=3.51～3.97 mm时,随n_s增大,阻力逐渐增大,n_s=4～6时,翅片侧Nu逐渐增大,n_s=6～8时,翅片侧Nu变化较小;P_f=3.97～4.43 mm时,n_s由4片增加至8片,翅片侧Nu和阻力均逐渐增大。根据不同结构的开缝翅片管换热器的综合流动换热性能,提出了P_f与n_s的最佳组合。     

矩形翅片椭圆管气侧流动与换热规律的数值研究

利用Fluent软件,在矩形翅片椭圆管尺寸给定的情况下,对椭圆基管偏移位置不同的椭圆矩形翅片管外空气侧层流流动与换热进行数值研究,分析偏置距离与椭圆管短轴半径之比Δx/b和雷诺数(Re)对翅片管空气侧换热和流动的影响。结果表明:在计算的Re数范围内,随着Re数的增加,努谢尔特数(Nu)逐渐增加,阻力系数(f)变化不明显;Δx/b=0.5的翅片管(Nu)数比Δx/b=-0.5的翅片管增大约4.83%~8.7%,Δx/b=0.5的翅片管外空气侧阻力系数比Δx/b=-0.5的翅片管增加约4.3%。就翅片效率而言,Δx/b=-0.5时翅片的效率最高。     

四类螺旋翅片管束热力特性数值研究

对气流横掠螺旋翅片管错列管束的流动与换热特性进行了数值研究,在雷诺数Re=10 000～40 000范围比较了四类(连续型、平齿I型、平齿L型和扭齿型)螺旋翅片管束的换热、阻力及热力综合性能。结果表明:与常规的连续型管束相比,在相同Re下,平齿I型、平齿L型和扭齿型管束的努塞尔数Nu分别提高约24%、32%和38%,欧拉数Eu分别增大约24%、85%和90%;在相同的换热量、流体输运功耗和翅片管结构参数下,平齿I型、平齿L型和扭齿型管束所需的换热面积较之连续型管束所需的分别减小约9%、6%和12%,扭齿型表现最佳;在管束紧凑性方面,连续型、平齿I型和扭齿型管束无明显差别,但选用平齿L型会使管束体积相对增大约18%。     

H形翅片管束传热和阻力特性的试验与数值模拟

根据大型电站锅炉省煤器的运行工况,对单H形和双H形翅片管束气侧的传热与阻力特性进行了模化试验研究,并利用Fluent软件对H形翅片管束的流场和温度场进行了数值模拟,得到单H形和双H形翅片管束的传热与阻力特性变化规律.结果表明:H形翅片管束的传热和阻力特性与气体的Re有关,随着气体Re的增大,气侧Nu不断增大,传热性能提高,而Eu则逐渐减小,并趋于定值;在相同Re下,单H形翅片管束气侧Nu大于双H形翅片管束气侧Nu,而气侧Eu则小于双H形翅片管束气侧Eu;数值计算结果与试验结果误差较小,采用数值计算方法能比较准确地分析H形翅片管束的流动与传热特性.     

平直翅片换热器空气侧换热与阻力特性研究

以平直翅片管式换热器为研究对象,利用计算流体力学(CFD)软件进行流动与传热模拟计算。采用正交试验方法确定模型工况,对换热负荷15 kW,设计气温30℃,入口风速为1～5 m/s,管壁温度为40～60℃,翅片间距为1～5mm、翅片厚度0.5～4 mm、管纵向间距为0.5～2.5倍外管径,管排数为1～5排的计算工况进行努塞尔数、阻力因子的计算分析。参数敏感性分析结果表明:在1 mm≤翅片间距δ≤5 mm,444≤雷诺数Re≤3 405时,翅片间距δ是对努塞尔数Nu及阻力因子f影响最大的结构参数。在该范围内提出了由翅片间距与特征长度比值组成的无量纲参数对努塞尔数Nu与阻力因子f的计算关联式。该关联式参数图表明:翅片间距δ越小、雷诺数Re越大,对提高平直翅片努塞尔数、降低阻力因子越有利。     

低气压下翅片管换热器空气侧换热特性的实验研究

为研究低气压环境下翅片管换热器空气侧的换热特性,对不同气压环境下空气侧流速和翅片间距对平翅片管换热器空气侧换热特性的影响进行了实验分析。实验环境气压范围为40～100 kPa,换热器迎面风速为1.0～3.5 m/s,翅片间距2～3 mm。研究表明:实验工况下环境气压40 kPa时空气侧传热因子仅为常压下的30.42%～46.41%;低气压环境空气侧流速和翅片间距对空气侧换热的影响趋势与常压数据基本保持一致;不改变换热器结构,环境气压的变化仅影响空气物性,而对空气的流动状态的影响不大;翅片间距影响随Re的减小和环境气压的降低而减弱,两种翅片间距模型空气侧传热因子平均差异在环境气压为100 kPa时为12.07%,40 kPa时缩小为3.00%。     

火力发电厂膜式壁管屏断续鳍片与连续鳍片结构热应力计算比较分析

火力发电厂膜式管屏间断续鳍片和连续鳍片是较常用的结构。采用数值模拟方法,分析了膜式管屏间断续鳍片和连续鳍片结构的热应力分布情况,对计算结果进行了比较分析,得知断续鳍片可面试降低受热面的热应力,并作为在某些特殊部位使用断续鳍片的理论依据。     

Performance and Optimization of Composed Fin Arrays

A general method of analysis of heat transfer through a heat sink composed of rectangular fins attached to each other in a tree-like configuration (a stem with branches) is presented. By treating each fin in the array as a single fin and considering its place in the array through the boundary conditions, the analysis of the problem is reduced to the solution of a system of linear algebraic equations. Furthermore, an extensive analysis of fin performance and optimum dimensions is presented. The analysis also illustrates the effect of various ratios between the length of the branch fins and the stem fin. For design purposes, the results are presented graphically and via a simple correlation.     

Fin Efficiency of Serrated Fins

Fin efficiency of serrated fins was analyzed and an analytical solution of the theoretical fin efficiency was derived in the form of a function of modified Bessel functions. Furthermore, an approximate equation has been given which enables one to calculate the theoretical fin efficiency with a pocket calculator with an accuracy of - 1.5%. In the analysis of the theoretical fin efficiency, however, two assumptions were employed, i.e., uniform heat transfer coefficient over the fin surface and thermal insulation at the end surface of the segmented sections. To compensate for these assumptions, a correction factor was introduced and determined experimentally. Using this correction factor, together with the theoretical fin efficiency, the actual fin efficiency can be estimated for serrated fins of various fin geometries, including plain fins.     

Enhancement of Heat Transfer for Plate Fin Heat Exchangers Considering the Effects of Fin Arrangements

In the present study, the potential of rectangular fins with different fin types of inner zigzag-flat-outer zigzag (B-type) and outer zigzag-flat-outer zigzag (C-type) and with different fin angles of 30° and 90° for 2 mm fin height and 10 mm offset from the horizontal direction for heat transfer enhancement with the use of a conjugated heat transfer approach and for pressure drop in a plate fin heat exchanger is numerically evaluated. The rectangular fins are located on a flat plate channel (A-type). The numerical computations are performed by solving a steady, three-dimensional Navier–Stokes equation and an energy equation by using FLUENT software program. Air is taken as working fluid. The study is carried out at Reynolds number of 400 and inlet temperatures, velocities of cold and hot air are fixed as 300 K, 600 K and 1.338 m.s^?1, 0.69 m.s^?1, respectively. This study presents new fin geometries which have not been researched in the literature for plate fin heat exchangers. The results show that while the heat transfer is increased by about 10% at the exit of a channel with the fin type of C, it is increased up to 8% for the fin angle of 90° when compared to a channel with A-type under the counter flow. The heat transfer enhancements for different values of Reynolds number and for varying fin heights, fin intervals and also temperature distributions of fluids are investigated for parallel and counter flow.     

Optimum Thermal Analysis of a Heat Sink with Various Fin Cross-Sections by Adjusting Fin Length and Cross-Section

A theoretical analysis of a heat sink is presented in this study to pursue the purpose of maximum thermal dissipation and the least material cost. Due to the general derivation, the longitudinal fin arrays on a heat sink can have either square, rectangular, equilaterally triangular, or cylindrical cross-section. By input of the Biot number, Bi, heat transfer coefficient ratio, H, and the shape parameter, γ, the heat transfer equation, which is expressed in implicit form, can be solved by iterative method to calculate the optimum fin length and fin thickness. Meanwhile, the thermal resistance of a heat sink can be obtained to illustrate the cooling performance under various design conditions.     

翅片管开裂原因分析

锅炉在制造过程中经常会出现气孔、裂纹、夹渣、未熔合、未焊透等焊接缺陷,其中裂纹对产品的危害极大。通过目视检测、无损检测、水压试验等检验手段,可以有效地杜绝不合格产品流人下道工序。通过对翅片管焊接裂纹的分析,改进翅片管焊接工艺,确保产品质量。     

分段鳍片结构的改进设计

上海锅炉厂有限公司生产的420t/h~2008t/h锅炉，炉顶管分段鳍片的槽口方向都采用面向管子的结构，通过设计改进，使槽口方向背向管子，在几台锅炉上的实际运用效果显著，大大提高了焊接质量，收到良好的经济效益。     

省煤器矩形肋的优化模型

针对电站锅炉省煤器所用扩展受热面存在传热能力低、占用空间大等问题,对矩形肋进行了优化设计并建立了优化模型,即在矩形肋重量一定条件下,如何利用无量纲方程对矩形肋尺寸进行寻优,以获取最大传热量的理论方法。深入考虑了矩形肋传热效果的2个重要影响因素——烟风速度和污染系数,论证了矩形肋的优化对省煤器增加传热量降低造价具有很重要的作用。另外,优化图表为肋管的热力特性设计提供了参考。     

Fin on a Pipe (Insulated Tip): Minimum Conditions for Fin to Be Beneficial

Comparisons are made of the one-dimensional and two-dimensional centerline temperature profiles and heat lost ratios for a radial fin of uniform thickness on a pipe. Effects of the Biot number, fin thickness, and size ratio (ratio of radial distances of the tip and root) are investigated. In particular, the more restrictive two-dimensional results as to the usefulness of the fin are demonstrated. Further, the distortion of the two-dimension temperature profile for intermediate values of the Biot number exhibit regions where waste of material in this shape of fin occurs. Finally, information is presented that relates the fin size (radially) and the Biot number magnitude for which the fin is beneficial.     

Optimization of a Trapezoidal Profile Annular Fin

The article presented here is an analysis that leads to the optimization for a design of an annular trapezoidal fin using a new approach to a two-dimensional analytical method. A comparison between the new analytical approach and the generally used method for a rectangular annular fin is made to show the exactness of the new method of approach. For an annular trapezoidal fin, the heat loss, fin tip radius, and fin base height are optimized as a function of the ratio of convection characteristic numbers, fin shape factor, dimensionless fin volume, dimensionless fin base radius, and convection characteristic number.