Galileo接收机的多径误差分析与研究

多径是影响卫星定位系统的主要因素,因此如何消除多径成为提高定位精度的重要任务。以Galileo接收机为基础来研究多径的抑制。主要介绍了Galileo信号和多径信号的基本结构,通过对多径消除方法——窄相关技术的仿真,可以看出,窄相关技术对跟踪误差有很好的抑制能力,能提高测量精度。     

一种新型基于Strobe相关的BOC信号多径抑制算法

多径干扰信号是导航接收机测量过程中遇到的主要误差源之一。针对Galileo系统以及GPS现代化过程中拟使用的BOC调制信号,研究了基于Strobe相关的BOC信号跟踪过程中的多径抑制方法。分析了多径效应对码跟踪精度的影响,从鉴相函数入手,提出了一种新的En-Strobe相关法。运用窄相关法、Strobe相关法和En-Strobe相关法对BOC(1,1)信号和CBOC(6,1,1/11)信号进行多径抑制性能分析。仿真结果表明En-Strobe相关法在中短延迟的情况下能够很好的抑制多径误差,且性能优于窄相关法和Strobe相关法。     

一种TR-UWB系统的改进型自相关接收机性能分析

TR-UWB系统采用自相关接收检测技术作为一种非最优接收机,其结构简单、性能优良。对TR-UWB系统的自相关接收检测技术进行改进,通过合并有限数目多径信号以提高接收信号能量,同时对接收信号做平均处理抑制噪声,从而提高系统性能。采用高斯近似法得到系统的误码率,最后在多径信道环境下进行仿真,验证了接收机性能的改进和误码率分析的正确。     

GPS L2C码的窄相关研究及FPGA实现

通过分析L2C码的信号格式,对L2C码信号的产生和可变相关长度的窄相关器进行了研究,设计了L2C码产生器和可变相关长度的相关器,最后进行仿真,得出结论:该设计能够精确产生GPSL2C码,可变相关长度相关器能够提高接收机的定位精度和抗多径干扰能力。为设计采用L2C码的GPS接收机提供了参考。     

高精度测量接收机中的多径抑制技术研究

本文概述了卫星导航多径干扰信号的特点,分析了多径干扰对接收机测距精度和延迟锁定环的影响,论述接收机测量精度与多径时延、相关间距和接收信号带宽等之间的关系,提出基于序列相关器的脉冲间隙相关的多径抑制技术,最后对窄相关器技术和基于序列相关器的脉冲间隙相关技术进行了仿真和试验验证。     

BOC调制导航信号关键技术研究

BOC调制作为一种导航信号体制,具有良好的抗多径和抗干扰性能,同时实现共用载波频率条件下的频谱分离。与BPSK调制信号相比,BOC调制信号具有多径误差小、码跟踪热噪声误差小的优点。通过对BOC调制技术和合路方式的深入分析,给出了各种BOC调制的自相关和功率谱函数,以及各种合路方式的分析比较。通过仿真验证了BOC信号的码跟踪性能和抗多径性能的优越性。     

现代OS导航信号中HRC相关间隔的优化设计

目前接收机基于环路的多径抑制主要采用窄相关和HRC技术,而在实际应用中HRC技术对不同调制方式的现代导航信号采取的相关间隔也不同。针对上述问题,通过对几种现代导航信号的鉴相范围和多径抑制性能进行分析,给出在现代导航信号中HRC鉴别器算法相关间隔的优化设计方法。仿真可见:不同现代导航信号下HRC相关间隔的优化选取也不同;带宽较宽时,鉴相范围随相关间隔增大而增大,多径抑制性能随相关间隔减小而提高;带宽较窄和相关间隔较小时,在一定鉴相范围内减小相关间隔并不会再提高现代导航信号的多径抑制性能。提出的相关间隔的优化方法具有创新性,研究成果具有重要理论价值并已应用到GNSS接收机中。     

Galileo接收机中窄相关技术的分析与研究

将窄相关技术应用到Galileo系统中进行分析和研究具有非常实际的意义。主要介绍了Galileo信号的基本结构,根据延迟锁相环的基本结构分析了其多径误差函数。通过对跟踪误差函数方差的仿真分析,可以看出窄相关技术对跟踪误差有很好的抑制能力,能提高测量精度。     

基于前向搜索的GNSS长距多径信号判别技术

卫星导航接收机中的多径信号,尤其是长距多径信号会造成伪码的错误捕获与跟踪,带来很大的伪距测量误差,甚至定位失效。针对这一问题,利用卫星导航系统中独有的直达信号相对于多径信号具有最超前码相位的特性,在导航信号捕获跟踪之后,继续通过相关峰前向搜索的方法来判别直达信号与多径信号,在剔除多径分量之后获得准确的伪距测量值。在此基础上讨论了长距多径信号的搜索区间,给出了新的接收机处理架构,从而为卫星导航中长距多径信号的去除与精确定位的实施提供了重要参考。     

密闭狭小环境中多径信号对码环的影响

基于提高北斗接收机在密闭狭小环境中定位效果的目的,通过建立密闭狭小环境中多径信号的数学模型,选取直视信号与6路反射信号组成的复合信号进行分析,使用归一化非相干超前减滞后幅值法对信号进行鉴相,得到密闭狭小环境中多径信号造成的码相位误差,分析误差产生的原因。提出了一种通过布置吸波材料来减小北斗多径信号造成的码相位误差的方法,使多径信号造成的码相位误差减少90%。     

多径信道下TD-LTE系统中定时同步算法的研究

多径传播是无线信道所固有的特性,信道时延的存在将会导致符号间干扰(ISI),严重影响接收端信号的解调.本文重点研究了多径信道下TD-LTE系统中的定时同步模块,并对基于循环前缀(CP)的能量差分算法加以改进,联合主同步信号(PSS)精确估计定时同步位置.仿真结果表明,该算法在多径衰落信道下能获得较好的定时同步性能,即使在信道时延较大的情况下也能够稳定地工作.     

A multipath interference cancellation technique for WCDMA downlink receivers

In this paper, we present a simple interference cancellation technique for the downlink of wideband code‐division multiple‐access (WCDMA) systems in multipath environment. With the same knowledge required by a RAKE receiver, the present method acts as an equalizer and cancels the interfering multipath signals from the received signal to retrieve the orthogonality property of the received signal. The present receiver has a simple structure and it has significant performance gain against the RAKE receiver. In addition, the noise enhancement is negligible when there is a line of sight path or the channel power delay profile has an exponential decaying form. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A multipath mitigation discriminator for GPS receiver

A novel technique for mitigating the multipath-induced code delay estimation error in Global Positioning System (GPS) is proposed. In contrast to conventional methods that aim to eliminate multipath signals, the proposed method exploits them to enhance the direct signal without affecting the accuracy of GPS code delay estimates. To achieve this, coherent accumulation of the received GPS signals is first done by transforming the received data into frequency domain and the parameters of multipath signals are then estimated by sparse reconstruction algorithm. Subsequently, a modified local reference signal is employed in delay lock loop (DLL) of the GPS receiver, which mitigates the pseudo-range estimation error and increases the correlation value of direct GPS signal. Simulation results demonstrate the performance and robustness of the proposed method.     

一种基于阵列天线的时延估计方法

本文主要讨论了无线通信中多径信号的时延估计问题，针对阵列天线，基于非线性最小二乘准则，我们提出了一种有效的时延估计方法，仿真结果表明该算法有较好的性能。     

一种抑制相位噪声的多通道变时延下变频全双工收发方法

相位噪声会限制全双工(FD)收发机的自干扰抑制能力,恶化有用信号解调性能,即使全双工收发机采用发射机、接收机共用本振的结构,也无法消除相位噪声的限制作用。为了降低多径自干扰(SI)分量中相位噪声的影响,该文提出一种多通道变时延下变频全双工收发方法,具体包括可以补偿相位噪声的全双工收发机设计和能够抑制残余相位噪声的自干扰抑制算法。多通道变时延下变频全双工收发机采用多条通道接收同一天线的信号,各接收本振信号为经过不同延时调整的发射本振信号,可以在下变频时补偿多径自干扰中的相位噪声。自干扰抑制算法利用不同接收信号估计相位噪声参数,进一步降低残余相位噪声的影响。此外,该文推导了这种全双工收发方法的自干扰抑制能力,并给出了其随发射功率、接收通道数量的变化关系。分析与仿真结果表明,当接收通道数量高于自干扰信道强径数量时,多通道变时延下变频全双工接收方法不受相位噪声影响。     

基于稀疏超指数盲均衡的高频外辐射源雷达发射信号提取

基于天波雷达发射信号的外辐射源雷达需要在接收站提取发射信号用于匹配滤波处理, 而到达接收站的发射信号往往受到电离层反射与折射多径污染的问题, 提出了一种基于超指数与常数模盲均衡算法的发射信号混合盲反卷积方法.利用电离层折射与反射等多径杂波的稀疏性, 采用稀疏处理降低混合算法中超指数盲均衡算法的计算量, 从而实现发射信号的恢复.针对发射信号恢复质量对检测性能的影响进行了分析评估.计算机仿真表明, 所提出的盲均衡算法保持了超指数算法快速收敛的优点, 同时, 在性能损失很小的情况下计算量显著下降, 具有良好的工程应用前景.     

A research of UWB rake receiver based on novel RLS adaptive algorithm

A modified RAKE receiver based on novel Recursive Least Squares （RLS） adaptive algorithm is proposed. The receiver uses L-fingered correlators, which are composed of RLS adaptive filters, to enhance the performance of multipath receiving. It can also track the amplitude of the received signal to form a real-time amplitude estimation which is correlated with the power of excess delay bin. The simulation results based on the IEEE UltraWide Band （UWB） channel models （CMI to CM4） show that the novel RLS algorithm can alter the attenuation estimation with the finger＇s power delay profile, and RAKE receiver with few fingers can be employed to get high performance.     

RAKE reception with unequal power path signals

This letter analytically determines the effects of selective diversity on the performance of a RAKE receiver in dense multipath channels featuring an arbitrary power delay profile. The approach devised permits assessing the symbol-error probability of the RAKE receiver with simple computations, and determining the influence on system behavior of different power delay profiles and number of resolved paths, as well as signal bandwidth.     

An Effective Timing Synchronization Scheme for DHTR UWB Receivers

In performing short-distance, high-data-rate wireless communications using ultra-wideband (UWB) systems, it is necessary to reduce the average transmission power and ensure a fixed synchronization error between the transmitter and receiver ends. Furthermore, to reduce multipath interference, the UWB system should be sometimes implemented using a rake receiver. However, for such receivers, the delay time and attenuation loss over each transmitted route must be known in advance. In the present study, the complexity of rake receivers with a large number of “fingers” is reduced by means of a delay-hopped transmitted-reference (DHTR) scheme, in which the delayed signal is correlated with the original signal; thereby avoiding the need for a separate template signal. The synchronization performance of the proposed DHTR receiver is analyzed both theoretically and numerically. An effective timing synchronization scheme, designated as “parallel signal acquisition with shared looped delay-line” (PS-SLD), is then proposed. The simulation results show that for multipath environments with a single user, the proposed synchronization scheme achieves a higher detection probability and a lower normalized mean square error (MSE) than the traditional timing dirty templates (TDT) algorithm.     

Complex noncoherent receivers for GMSK signals

Noncoherent demodulators are very attractive for high performance radio LAN (HIPERLAN) systems because of their low implementation costs and their inherent robustness against frequency and carrier phase offsets. However, when the channel is time dispersive, the nonlinear intersymbol interference (ISI) introduced by these demodulators precludes the use of conventional linear equalization strategies. We present an alternative noncoherent receiver structure followed by a nonlinear equalizer, which includes a RAM and a Viterbi detector, capable of equalizing nonlinear multipath fading channels. In addition, we also present a new algorithm specifically for noncoherent demodulators, which allows estimation of all useful signal values at the input of the equalizer to be stored in the RAM. By means of computer simulations, we report the performance and computational complexity tradeoffs of the receiver/equalizer structure, including antenna diversity. We show that demodulators which consist of a complex receiver and a Viterbi detector are much more robust against multipath fading channels than traditional real noncoherent demodulators. The results suggest that in a typical HIPERLAN scenario, where the channel delay spread is less than 50 ns and a reliable line of sight component exists, it is feasible to combat multipath effects using noncoherent demodulation