折流板换热器壳程流场数值模拟与结构优化

基于多孔介质与分布阻力的概念,采用FLUENT软件对单弓形折流板换热器的壳侧流场进行了三维数值模拟,模拟结果与实验结果吻合较好。在此基础上针对折流板换热器壳程压降大、能耗高,存在传热死区等的缺点,提出了壳程流场的改进方案,通过数值模拟可以看到壳程流场改进后不仅具有压降低、场协同性能好、基本无传热死区等特点,而且在一定程度上还提高了管束抗流体诱导振动的性能。     

纵流壳程换热器新型抗振折流元件的数值研究

提出了一种新型抗振折流杆元件的结构,并对该结构的单元流道提出了简化模型,用数值方法模拟了夹持式折流杆支撑的单元流道内的流动和传热状况,从流体的流动形态、压力分布和温度分布等方面与直折流圆杆单元流道进行了对比。结果表明,除阻力降外,该结构的传热量和传热系数均有所改善。     

连续螺旋折流板换热器动态特性研究

建立了可进行壳管式换热器动态特性试验研究系统,通过试验研究的方法对水-油为换热工质的连续螺旋折流板换热器动态特性进行了试验研究,进口流量扰动为等百分比流量特性,研究了四种流量扰动方式下水和油出口温度的动态响应。同时研究了在一定R e下,不同的流体扰动量对换热器进出口温升的影响,得到了换热器进出口温升与流体扰动量之间的关联式。实验表明,较于气体而言,液-液换热系统温度的动态响应时间比较长,研究发现在正负的流量扰动下,螺旋折流板换热器进出口温度变化呈现线性变化,进出口温升在正负流量扰动下其变化曲线具有对称特征。     

三分螺旋折流板换热器壳侧二次流的寻踪

对倾斜角20°有34根管子的周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器进行了数值模拟研究,通过在三分螺旋折流板换热器壳侧通道内偏心纵向切面和横切面以及六边形纵向切面上速度矢量流场和压力云图的叠加展示,不仅呈现了壳侧总体螺旋速度的周向分量的轨迹,而且从所呈现的轴向和径向速度分量揭示了二次流和相邻折流板V型缺口处逆向泄漏的踪迹.研究结果表明:流体在螺旋通道内在离心力作用下呈现向外扩张的流动趋势,然后在外围高、中心低的压力分布作用下沿着靠近折流板附近的流速较低的区域向心流动返回轴中心,形成单涡型迪恩二次流;二次流增强了流体的掺混,从而有利于强化传热.     

螺旋折流板换热器的研究与进展

本文介绍了螺旋折流板换热器的几何形状和流动原理,对其传热及压力降的研究现状进行了总结,与弓形折流板换热器相比,螺旋折流板换热器的最大优点降低阻力,增加传热系数。未来的研究重点是流动换热机理以及影响流动换热机理的因素。     

三分螺旋折流板换热器壳侧传热特性试验

对倾斜角为20°、24°、28°、32°单头和32°双头周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器和作为对照的弓形折流板换热器的水-水传热和压降性能进行了测试;得到了总体传热系数K、壳侧换热系数ho、壳侧压降Δpo等参数和ho/Δpo综合性能指标随壳侧流量的变化曲线。试验结果表明倾斜角20°方案的性能指标均好于其他方案,且其壳侧换热系数和单位压降的壳侧换热系数综合性能指标比弓形折流板换热器方案平均分别高出25%和100%以上。     

螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳程传热性能及压降的研究

本文对螺旋折流板换热器和传统的弓形折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和壳程的阻力的对比,同时通过实验方法对25°、40°螺旋角的螺旋折流板和弓形折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和壳程阻力的研究,得出螺旋折流板换热器的螺旋流动强化了传热,螺旋折流板换热器的壳程阻力比弓形折流板换热器的壳程阻力小。     

连续螺旋折流板换热器动态特性的数值预测和分析

应用有限差分法对以水、油为换热工质的连续螺旋折流板换热器的动态特性进行了数值预测,提出了适用于单壳程多管程换热器的顺流、逆流串联的概念,并通过试验数据进行了校核,证明了计算模型的合理性.同时研究了壳侧流体纵向扩散效应、换热器管壁轴向导热性能及其热容等参数对换热器动态特性的影响规律,为壳管式换热器动态特性的相关研究提供了依据.     

大型管壳式换热器数值模拟分析

以某硫酸厂大型管壳式乙二醇换热器为分析对象,采用CFD软件FLUENT对其整体结构进行数值模拟,得出了换热器整体流场和温度场特性,分析了关键区域折流板和特征换热管的温度分布,并与实际测量值作出对比。研究结果可为换热器的设计方法和换热器的故障分析手段提供参考。     

连续螺旋折流板管壳式换热器动态特性研究及预测

建立了可进行壳管式换热器动态特性试验研究系统,通过试验研究的方法对水-油为换热工质的连续螺旋折流板管壳式换热器动态特性进行了试验研究,进口流量扰动为等百分比流量特性,研究了4种流量扰动方式下水和油出口温度的动态响应。同时研究了在一定Re数下,不同的流体扰动量对换热器进出口温升的影响,得到了换热器进出口温升与流体扰动量之间的关联式。实验表明,液液换热系统温度的动态响应时间比较长,研究发现在正负的流量扰动下,换热器进出口温度变化呈现线性变化,进出口温升在正负流量扰动下其变化曲线具有对称特征。分别建立了有限差分数值预测模型及人工神经网络模型对换热器油侧的出口温度进行了动态预测,预测结果与试验值符合良好,人工神经网络的预测结果要好于数值模拟预测,其偏差绝对值在1.3%以内,表明人工神经网络在进行复杂的系统辨识时具有一定的参考及应用价值。     

管壳式换热器壳侧强化传热与管束支撑方式的研究进展

从管壳式换热器壳侧管束支撑方式和强化传热的角度,综述了从弓形折流板换热器、折流杆式换热器到螺旋折流板式换热器的研究进展,特别介绍了一种适合正三角形布管的三分螺旋折流板换热器的新型结构,并指出非连续折流板螺旋换热器中相邻折流板形成的三角区的泄漏是方向指向上游的有益流动,而目前常用的螺旋折流板轴向搭接方案则开启了一条指向下游的旁通捷径,将影响绕行主流正常流动和传热。     

Numerical and experimental study of a shell and tube heat exchanger for different baffles

In the present work, the shell and tube heat exchanger (STHX) is designed based on The Tubular Exchanger Manufacturers Association standards with hot fluid (water) flowing on the shell side and cold fluid on the tube side. A comparison is made between the Nusselt number and friction factor obtained from numerical and experimental results of segmental baffles (SBs) and helical baffles (HB) with different baffle inclinations. The results show that SB provided a higher Colburn factor (j_s) when compared with HBs STHXs (20°, 30°, 40°, and 50°), but shell side pressure drop is lower for 40° HBs STHXs for the same shell side fluid flow rates.     

Experimental investigation of three fluid heat exchangers using roughness on the outer surface of a helical coil

The aim of this study is to utilize waste thermal energy from industries into useful heat for water and air heating. In this paper, the thermal modeling and performance of three fluid heat exchangers (TFHE) have been experimentally investigated. The TFHE considered here is an enhanced version of the double-pipe heat exchanger. A novel TFHE having fin (1 mm thin copper wire of 10 mm pitch) acts as a roughness element, which is wrapped on the helical coil's outer surface for increasing heat transfer (HT) rate and the turbulence effect for normal water, and this outer surface finned helical coil is inserted between two concentric straight tubes. The innermost tube carries atmospheric air, the finned helical coil tube carries waste hot fluid while normal water flows in the inner annulus of the outermost tube. The coiled-side Reynolds number is varied in the range of 7000–30,000, while the curvature ratio of 0.1315, pitch-to-inside diameter ratio of 2.88 and wire-to-tube diameter $$ of the helical tube is kept constant. A counterflow arrangement has been made for experimentation. Nusselt number is calculated using the traditional Wilson plot method that is compared and validated with results available in the literature. The overall HT coefficient is found to increase by increasing the volume flow rate of fluids, while effectiveness decreases or increases depending on residence time and capacity ratio. The percentage increment in the Nusselt number, maximum friction factor, overall HT coefficient between waste hot fluid to normal water, effectiveness is found to be 21.10%–23.88%, 90.91%, 3.40%–29.45%, 3.40%–25.33%, respectively, for the coil side. TFHE is thus proposed for heating water and space simultaneously.     

Numerical modeling and experimental validation of heat transfer and flow resistance on the shell side of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger with flower baffles

CFD simulation has become a powerful and popular tool for the thermal hydraulic design and analysis of heat exchangers. However, the computation load is usually too heavy to simulate a whole shell-and-tube heat exchanger (STHX) applying the traditional modeling method. In the present study, a numerical model based on the concepts of porosity and permeability is developed to obtain the shell-side thermal hydraulic performances. In this model, the distributed resistances and heat sources, as well as the distributed turbulence kinetic energy and its dissipation rate are introduced to account for the impacts of tubes on the fluid. The numerical model is solved over Re = 6813–22,326 for the shell side of a STHX with flower baffles, and reasonable accuracy is demonstrated by the comparison with test data (maximum relative deviation within 15%). With this model, the velocity and temperature fields, together with the distribution of convective heat transfer coefficient, are obtained and presented to help analyzing the underlying mechanism of shell-side thermal augmentation. The present work shows that this model is economic and effective in the thermal hydraulic design and analysis of a whole device.     

径向热管换热器壳程压降数值模拟及参数优化

通过对径向热管换热器壳程压力场的数值模拟,分析入口烟气速度对换热器压降的影响规律,并对换热器结构参数进行优化。结果表明:换热器迎风侧压力高于背风侧压力,沿烟气流动方向压力逐渐降低且呈线性分布;换热器压降随入口烟气速度的增加而增加,且其增加速率也相应增大。通过改变换热器结构参数,对换热器壳程压降进行分析研究,得到其结构优化参数:翅片高度小于26.5mm,翅片间距大于6.5mm,热管横向间距108～111mm,纵向间距120～125mm。     

幂律流体连续运动平板边界层的数值研究

利用数值模拟方法研究了幂律流体在连续运动平板上的层流边界层问题。利用相似变换理论推导出无量纲剪切力的计算公式,数值求解了不同幂律指数n的流体在不同运动参数ξ的连续运动平板上的层流边界层流场,分析了各个参数对边界层速度分布和剪切力大小的影响。结果表明,边界层偏微分方程组的数值解与经过相似变换求得的非线性常微分方程的数值解吻合得很好,这既说明对幂律流体连续运动平板上的层流边界层问题的研究是有效且可靠的,同时也证明了连续运动平板问题存在相似解。     

Numerical and experimental study of transient conjugate heat transfer in helical closed-loop geothermal heat exchangers for application of thermal energy storage in backfilled mine stopes

The geothermal potential available from deep underground mines has yet to be utilized. However, stope-coupled heat exchangers (SCHE) are aiming to take advantage of the unused low-grade geothermal energy. Backfilled stopes provide a unique opportunity to install nonlinear heat exchangers, as the geometry is not limited to the shape of a borehole. Helical pipes deliver superior fluid mixing and heat exchange compared to straight pipes, due to the effect of the secondary flow within the helical pipe. The helical closed-loop geothermal heat exchanger enables the backfilled stopes of the mine to be repurposed as thermal energy storage units. This article delves into the experimental results from a unique state-of-the-art laboratory scale helical closed-loop heat exchanger with varying thermophysical parameters. Additionally, a novel conjugate numerical model is developed and its results are validated against the base case of the experimental studies. Additionally, the numerical model is validated in a spatial-temporal sense with thermocouple data from the experimental rig. The numerical model is also applied to a helical SCHE situated within a backfilled stope for the first time. The results of the numerical model suggest that the pumping rate through the SCHE has a significant effect on the heat exchange rate and the overall energy transfer between the SCHE and the backfill. Additionally, the temperature contours from the numerical model suggest that a decreased pitch/helical diameter will increase the storage capacity of the helical SCHE. Overall, an average of 2.5 MW can be stored over the first 4 days of geothermal charging with the investigated full-scale SCHE, boasting a pseudo-steady-state storage rate of 1.7 MW.