Rotating arc horizontal narrow gap welding of high strength quenched and tempered steel

Rotating arc horizontal narrow gap welding of quenched & tempered ( Q&T) steel was innovatively performed for solving the bottleneck that the molten pool sagged due to the gravity. The shapely multilayer single pass horizontal joint could be obtained by using the rotating arc welding process. The cold crack was not observed in the joint without controlling the heat input and selecting the consumables intentionally. Mkrostructure of the joint could be divided into three zones:base metal zone ( BMZ) , heat-affected zone (HAZ) and weld zone ( WZ). Because of the characteristic of the rotating arc horizontal welding process, the defects in the joints were slag inclusion formed at the inUrlayer of lower side wall. The tensile strength and hardness of HAZ and WZ were larger than those of BMZ. The impact toughness in WZ, HAZ and BM at 0℃ is equal to 115, 212 and 236 J, respectively.     

Effect of Welding Consumables on Fatigue Performance of Shielded Metal Arc Welded High Strength, Q&T Steel Joints

Quenched and Tempered (Q&T) steels are widely used in the construction of military vehicles due to their high strength-to-weight ratio and high hardness. These steels are prone to hydrogen-induced cracking in the heat affected zone (HAZ) after welding. The use of austenitic stainless steel consumables to weld the above steel was the only remedy because of higher solubility for hydrogen in austenitic phase. Recent studies proved that high nickel steel and low hydrogen ferritic steel consumables can be used to weld Q&T steels, which can give very low hydrogen levels in the weld deposits. In this investigation an attempt has been made to study the effect of welding consumables on high cycle fatigue properties of high strength, Q&T steel joints. Three different consumables namely (i) austenitic stainless steel, (ii) low hydrogen ferritic steel, and (iii) high nickel steel have been used to fabricate the joints by shielded metal arc (SMAW) welding process. The joints fabricated using low hydrogen ferritic steel electrodes showed superior fatigue properties than other joints.     

JFE-HITEN610U2L钢制聚丙烯球罐组焊技术

日本JFE-HITEN610U2L属-50℃低温调质高强钢,可用于3 000 m3丙烯球罐的制造,试验研究表明该钢不仅具有优良的低温韧性,且可焊性良好,焊接接头的力学性能较高。通过分析球罐的焊接工艺评定以及工程施工实践,总结该钢的焊接工艺,介绍了焊接施工的关键技术措施。实践证明,该焊接工艺符合相关技术标准要求,能够用于指导3 000 m3高参数丙烯球罐的建造,可以确保其焊接质量,为该类球罐的建造提供了借鉴。     

采用镍基和奥氏体焊材焊接Cr13钢焊接接头性能

采用ER309L氩弧焊丝的奥氏体焊材和ERNiCrFe-3镍基焊丝的镍基焊材对Cr13钢母材进行TIG焊接,通过无损检测、显微组织、力学性能和耐腐蚀性能试验,对两种焊材的焊接接头性能进行研究.结果表明,两种焊接接头均未发现焊接缺陷,焊接接头属于高强匹配,弯曲性能合格.与奥氏体焊材焊缝相比,镍基焊材的焊缝冲击韧性低,硬度高,耐电化学腐蚀性能高.     

回火温度对40CrNiMo调质钢CMT堆焊HAZ组织性能的影响

针对海洋钻井平台齿轮的修复问题,采用冷金属过渡(CMT)技术在40CrNiMo调质钢表面进行堆焊,利用扫描电镜、显微硬度测试、冲击性能测试和拉伸性能测试等手段,研究了焊后回火温度对40CrNiMo调质钢堆焊热影响区(HAZ)组织和性能的影响.结果表明:随着焊后回火温度的升高,焊接热影响区的硬度逐渐下降,堆焊试样的抗拉强...     

薄板TC4钛合金TIG电弧和激光焊接接头晶粒尺寸与微观组织

为探究焊接方法对316L不锈钢焊缝抗辐照损伤性能的影响,采用原子力显微镜(atomicforce microscopy, AFM )、扫描电子显微镜(scanning electron microscopy,SEM )、掠入射X射线衍射(grazing incidence X-ray diffraction,GIXRD )、拉伸和纳米压痕技术等方法,对不同焊接方法制备的经能量为70 keV、剂量为1 × 10¹⁷ ions/cm²的He ⁺ 辐照后的316L奥氏体不锈钢焊缝损伤情况及力学性能进行了研究. 结果表明,离子辐照后不同焊缝表面均产生了空洞等微观缺陷,力学性能呈现不同程度的降低. 辐照后TIG焊缝表现出更优异的抗辐照损伤性能. TIG焊缝中更多的缺陷阱有效阻碍了辐照点缺陷的相互聚集,使辐照后焊缝内形成的缺陷数量更少、尺寸更小. 表明改变焊接方法、细化焊缝晶粒来提高焊缝抗辐照损伤性能及抗辐照硬化性能,是一种可行的思路与方法.     

Ni含量对淬回火态40CrNiMo钢显微组织和力学性能的影响

使用直读光谱仪、扫描电镜、X射线衍射仪和力学试验设备,研究了Ni含量对淬回火态40CrNiMo钢的显微组织、残留奥氏体含量、硬度、室温抗拉强度和室温冲击性能的影响。结果表明,随着Ni含量从1.346%增加至1.618%,40CrNiMo钢的显微组织、残留奥氏体含量无明显变化,但α-Fe的晶格畸变增大;在不同回火温度下,试验钢的硬度均提高5~10 HV;450 ℃回火的高Ni含量钢的抗拉强度比低Ni含量钢高78 MPa,抗拉强度的提高幅度则随着回火温度的升高而减小;然而在残留奥氏体含量几乎不变的条件下,Ni含量增加反而会使450、500 ℃回火后钢的冲击吸收能量降低约50%。     

板厚对不锈钢车体激光叠焊接头抗剪强度和疲劳强度的影响

为了研究板厚对不锈钢激光叠焊接头抗剪强度和疲劳强度的影响,该文针对0.8 mm +2 mm和2 mm +2 mm2种不同板厚搭配的不锈钢激光叠焊接头分别进行了拉伸试验和疲劳试验。结果表明,2 mm +2 mm接头的抗剪强度和疲劳强度均高于0.8 mm +2 mm接头。失效分析发现,2种接头的拉伸破坏由焊肉部位剪断引起的;2种接头的疲劳裂纹均萌生于2 mm未焊透板,裂纹起始位置在2个焊板之间靠近焊核附近未焊透板的热影响区,裂纹沿着焊核边缘向未焊透板外表面方向扩展,直至穿透未焊透板。对焊接接头部位的有限元受力分析可知,2种接头的应力集中程度的不同是造成它们抗剪强度和疲劳强度差异的主要原因。     

Weldability characteristics of shielded metal arc welded high strength quenched and tempered plates

High strength, quench and tempered (Q&T) plates having yield strength of a minimum of 670 MPa and conforming to SA 517 Gr. F specification were successfully developed at Rourkela Steel Plant in plates up to 40 mm thickness. The plates are used extensively for the fabrication of impellers, penstocks, excavators, dumpers, and raw material handling devices, where welding is an important processing step. SA 517 Gr. F plates, characterized by a relatively high carbon equivalent (CE: ∼0.6) and alloyed with Ni, Cr, Mo, Cu, and V, are susceptible to a crack-sensitive microstructure and cold cracking during welding. In view of the above, the present study investigated the weldability properties of 20 mm thick plates using the shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) process. Implant and elastic restraint cracking (ERC) tests were carried out to assess the cold cracking resistance of the weld joint under different welding conditions. Preheat of 100 °C, partial or full rebake, and a heat input of 14.9 to 15.4 KJ/cm resulted in static fatigue limit (SFL) values well in excess of the minimum specified yield strength (MSYS) of 670 MPa and a critical restraint intensity (K _cr) value of 34,650 MPa, indicating adequate cold cracking resistance. Lamellar tear tests conducted using full thickness plates at heat input levels ranging from 9.7 to 14.4 KJ/cm and weld restraint loads (WRL) of 510 to 685 MPa showed no incidence of lamellar tear upon visual, ultrasonic, and four-section macroexamination. The weld joint, based on optimized welding parameters, exhibited adequate tensile strength (812.4 MPa) and low temperature impact toughness 88.3 and 63.4 J (9.2 and 6.6 kg-m) at −40 °C for weld metal (WM), and heat-affected zone (HAZ) properties, respectively. The crack tip opening displacement (CTOD) values of WM and HAZ (0.40 and 0.36 mm, respectively) were superior to that of the parent metal (0.29 mm), indicating adequate resistance of weld joint to brittle fracture. It was concluded that the weld joint conforms to the requirements of SA 517 Gr. F specification and ensures a high integrity of the fabricated products.     

电子束焊接对调质15CrMnMoVA高强钢组织及性能的影响

为实现高淬火倾向的航空高强钢材料的高质量接头,以15CrMnMoVA高强钢为研究对象,进行了电子束焊接工艺试验研究;针对不同结构的电子束焊接接头,分析了焊缝显微组织特征、焊接接头的显微硬度分布和力学性能,探讨了电子束焊接工艺对接头组织性能的影响。结果表明,15CrMnMoVA钢的焊缝中心形成了网篮状马氏体组织,其显微硬度为典型的马鞍形分布。不同锁底结构的电子束焊接接头的拉伸性能基本都与母材相当,但其疲劳性能差异明显,锁底长度为1.5 mm时焊接接头的疲劳性能较好。     

厚规格调质高强度船板心部冲击不合格原因分析

为找出厚规格调质高强度船板心部冲击不合格的原因,通过光谱仪、显微镜、SEM-EDS能谱仪等仪器,对心部试样的成分、组织进行分析,结果表明:心部冲击不合格的原因是中心偏析带上存在大尺寸MnS夹杂与Nb、Ti的夹杂物,以及较多Al2O3夹杂和Mg、Ca等外来夹杂物.分析认为,通过提高钢水洁净度,避免钢水二次氧化污染,控制钢...     

氮含量对高氮钢PMIG焊接头组织和性能的影响

文中采用H307Mo焊丝,开展了高氮钢PMIG焊接工艺试验,重点分析了焊缝中氮含量对接头组织和性能的影响,并通过调整工艺参数,控制焊缝中氮的含量.结果表明,当焊缝中氮含量低于0.24%时,焊缝以FA模式凝固,焊缝组织为骨架状铁素体枝晶和奥氏体基体组成,并且随着氮含量的提高,铁素体含量降低,显微硬度逐渐下降;当焊缝中氮含量高于0.30%时,焊缝以A模式凝固,组织为单相奥氏体枝晶组织,随着焊缝氮含量的提高,奥氏体枝晶不断增大,显微硬度逐渐提高.随着氮含量的提高,焊缝中气孔逐渐增多,冲击韧性呈现先增大后减小的趋势.     

焊接残余应力对Invar钢疲劳寿命影响分析

利用有限元软件MSC.Marc计算了液化石油天然气船液舱Invar钢薄膜的焊接温度场和残余应力场,并计算了焊接残余应力与液体晃荡压力耦合条件下焊缝处的疲劳寿命.结果表明,焊缝表面中心线上的节点的纵向残余应力可达298.1 MPa左右,焊缝纵向残余应力的峰值可达328.3 MPa左右,高于Invar钢的室温屈服强度280.1 MPa.由于焊接残余应力的存在,Invar钢薄膜焊缝的疲劳寿命约由2.1×106降低到1.7×105.     

活性剂对焊缝咬边倾向及接头疲劳性能的影响

针对活性剂等离子弧焊焊接过程,对焊缝咬边倾向和焊接接头的疲劳性能进行了研究.结果表明,增加焊接速度虽然可以提高生产效率,但是焊接速度增加后,熔敷金属不易填充焊趾部,容易在焊趾部产生咬边缺陷,加入活性剂可以减小或消除咬边现象.添加活性剂后,熔敷金属增加,电弧力对熔池的压迫作用增强,电弧电压升高,电弧挺度增加,电弧更稳定.这些因素可以促进熔敷金属向焊趾部流动,填充在焊趾部.添加活性剂后,疲劳寿命最多提高了60%左右.通过添加活性剂可以减小或消除咬边,提高焊接接头的疲劳性能.     

紧固件用MFT8非调质钢的冷作滚压形变工艺

利用金相显微镜、电子万能试验机、显微硬度计、X-Ray应力分析仪、扫描电镜等方法研究了滚压对两种减面率的非调质钢MFT8组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,对于19%,37%两种减面率的MFT8钢经滚压处理使其表层组织拉长并纤维化;表层硬度分别提高36和43 HV0.1,抗拉强度提高了7和20 MPa,伸长率和断面收缩率无明显降低,保持了较好的韧性和塑性;试样表面周向残余压应力分别提高了102、117 MPa;表面纵向残余压应力分别提高了107、53 MPa。     

JFE980S高强钢焊接接头软化分析

研究了激光-MAG复合热源和常规MAG两种焊接方法在焊接JFE980S低合金调质高强钢时的接头软化问题.通过对接头强度、硬度和组织的测试分析,探讨了低合金调质高强钢焊接接头的软化规律及机制.结果表明,焊后JFE980S高强钢常规MAG焊接头发生了明显软化,而激光-MAG复合热源焊接接头软化不明显;激光-MAG复合热源焊接接头的软化区域宽度和软化程度明显小于常规MAG焊接头;接头的软化主要发生在焊接热影响区的过回火区域和不完全正火区域,该区域中出现沿晶界呈块状或颗粒状分布的组织是造成接头软化的主要原因.     

低镍含氮奥氏体不锈钢激光-电弧焊电弧特性及组织性能

采用100％Ar2,98％Ar+2％N2,92％Ar+8％N2,85％Ar+15％N2四种混合比例的保护气体对08Cr19MnNi3Cu2N低镍含氮奥氏体不锈钢进行激光-脉冲MAG电弧复合焊接,研究保护气体中氮气比例对焊缝中气孔数量、焊缝熔深和熔宽、电弧形态、微观组织及铁素体含量等影响机制.结果表明,随着保护气体中氮气...     

轧态组织对高强钢调质处理后性能的影响

通过对不同轧态组织Q690钢板调质处理后,进行力学性能检验和显微组织观察,分析了轧态组织对其性能的影响。结果表明：钢板轧制态的原始组织对热处理后的钢板组织中的软硬相比是有影响的,软相越多屈强比越低;轧后采用空冷工艺获得的原始组织最有利于使热处理后的钢板获得更理想的综合性能。     

拉保持对316L奥氏体不锈钢焊接接头低周疲劳循环应力响应及损伤机制的影响

在873 K温度下对316L奥氏体不锈钢母材和焊缝分别进行连续和拉保持低周疲劳试验,使用光学显微镜(OM)和透射电镜(TEM)对试样位错微观结构和裂纹扩展形貌进行观察,分析拉保持对母材和焊缝低周疲劳循环应力响应及损伤机制的影响.结果表明,母材在连续和拉保持低周疲劳试验初期都发生循环硬化,焊缝在连续低周疲劳试验中发生连续循环软化,而在拉保持试验后期则出现明显循环稳定阶段;母材和焊缝试样拉保持低周疲劳寿命低于其连续低周疲劳寿命;母材和焊缝在连续低周疲劳试验中裂纹主要以穿晶方式扩展,而在拉保持试验中焊缝是以沿晶或混合方式扩展.