苹果汁和桃汁种类特异性PCR检测方法的研究

本文采用苹果属过敏原蛋白的mal d 4.02基因,桃属微卫星标记MA023a分别作为苹果汁和桃汁特异性引物,并以植物高度保守的叶绿体AccD基因作为内标物,利用PCR检测方法对两种果汁进行种属鉴定。结果表明,特异性PCR检测方法可以准确的对苹果和桃产品进行种属鉴定,苹果、桃属特异性PCR检测方法的最低检测限分别为5、10ng/μL,此方法能快速、准确对苹果汁和桃汁种类进行定性鉴定和掺假检测。     

果汁中柑橘属成分实时荧光PCR检测方法

通过分析20条不同柑橘属植物的trnL基因序列,设计柑桔属植物特异性扩增引物。通过对苹果、梨、葡萄等多种水果成分的特异性筛选,建立检测柑桔属植物成分的SYB Green实时荧光PCR检测方法,该方法对柑桔DNA的检测低限为0.1pg/μL。用该方法检测10种橙汁及其饮料商品,结果表明,该方法能够检测到橙汁中的柑桔属植物成分。该方法可用于果汁或食品中柑桔属植物成分的鉴别。     

基于物种特异性PCR技术检测鱼糜中白鲢成分

目的建立一种基于物种特异性引物PCR测定混合鱼糜中白鲢鱼糜成分的快速检测方法。方法根据NCBI数据库中白鲢小清蛋白特异性较强的DNA序列位置设计引物进行PCR实验,通过测序得到了白鲢小清蛋白DNA的一段内含子序列,在此基础上设计了白鲢的特异性引物。提取样品DNA后进行PCR实验,产物经2%琼脂糖电泳分析进行引物特异性验证。结果在白鲢小清蛋白内含子位置设计的白鲢特异性引物,对巴沙鱼、铜盆鱼等8种鱼具有很强的物种特异性,可以实现对这9种鱼的混合鱼糜中白鲢成分的定性检测,且方法灵敏度为1%。结论本方法无需测序,能够快速、准确检测鱼糜中白鲢成分。     

果汁DNA提取方法比较及柑橘属植物分子生物学检测技术的研究

以橙汁为研究对象,选取市售100%橙汁及橙汁饮料各3种,采用CTAB法、SDS-CTAB法以及改良CTAB法提取其DNA,对所提取的DNA的浓度、纯度及扩增效率进行比较;同时选取橙UDP-葡糖基转移酶蛋白基因设计柑橘属植物特异性扩增引物,通过定性PCR检测其特异性和灵敏度,并应用于果汁中柑橘属植物的检测。实验结果证明,由改良CTAB法获得的DNA模板质量较高,适用于果汁中DNA的提取。UGT基因引物可对柑橘属植物产生特异性扩增,最低检测限为10pg/μL。将该引用物用于市售橙汁的检测,其检测结果为阳性,从而证明UGT基因特异性引物可用于果汁中的柑橘属植物成分的检测及鉴伪研究。     

水果过敏研究进展

水果是我国十类主要过敏食物之一,水果过敏症状包括轻微的口腔过敏综合症和较严重的全身系统性反应。水果中主要有与病程相关蛋白PR-10、类甜蛋白、脂质转移蛋白和抑制蛋白共4类过敏原。本文综述了食物过敏概况和国内外水果过敏研究情况,重点介绍了桃、苹果、荔枝和芒果过敏原基因研究进展。     

实时荧光PCR法检测食品中红枣成分

目的:分析不同品种枣样本的LOC112491224基因序列,设计枣源性成分的特异性引物和探针,为检测市售食品中枣源性成分提供一种分子生物学检测方法.方法:将提取好的DNA 10倍稀释至0.0001 ng/μL,进行荧光PCR反应,确定其检测灵敏度.对苹果、梨、香蕉、草莓、葡萄、杏、樱桃和橘子等8种常见的非红枣植物样品进...     

枣GDPD甘露糖焦磷酸化酶基因的克隆及生物信息学分析

GDP-D-甘露糖焦磷酸化酶(GDP-D-mannose pyrophosphorylase,GMP)是植物As A生物合成的第一个关键酶,至今未见该基因在枣中的相关报道。本研究根据Gen Bank中登录的苹果、桃和草莓等植物GMP保守序列设计引物,采用同源克隆法,从"骏枣"果实中克隆出该基因并对其编码的蛋白进行了生物信息学分析。该基因包含完整的开放阅读框为1086bp,编码361个氨基酸残基,预测蛋白分子量为39.588ku,理论p I值为7.12,命名为Zj GMP(登录号KJ934995);序列分析表明,枣GMP与桃、葡萄、草莓、苹果GMP的相似性分别为88%、87%、87%和87%。进化树分析表明,该基因与桃、苹果和草莓等植物的GMP亲缘关系较近。     

镀锡薄板罐头内壁防腐研究

镀锡薄板是罐头食品工业生产中的主要包装材料,电镀锡板自从1937年试制、生产成功后,已广泛地应用到罐头工业生产中去了,目前国外罐头工业生产中,采用电镀锡板约占90％以上。1973年轻工部在江苏镇江召开电素铁会议,责成烟台罐头厂的糖水桃、梨(阳梨、莱阳梨、三季梨、长把梨、香水梨)、苹果、果汁(苹果汁、阳梨汁等)四种产品改用电镀锡板。     

世界部分国家水果罐头产量(柑桔除外)

世界部分国家水果罐头产量(柑桔除外)(单位:万吨)蔺俞橇 年份 介一一__澳大利亚 (杏,什锦水果,桃,梨, 菠萝)加拿大 (苹果,苹果沙司,杏,樱 桃,什锦水果,桃,梨, 李)西德 (苹果,苹果沙司,杏,樱 桃,桃,梨,李)a南非,, (苹果,苹果沙司,什锦水 果,桃,梨,菠萝,李)英国 (苹果,苹果沙司,樱桃, 什锦水果,桃,梨,李)其他国家(全部水果) 阿根廷19691970197119721973{19741矛咋书一46「26.8226.4322。522‘·7‘…‘8·85{’飞8814563 .590505789299141526二、夕‘q山 Q自1.!.1‘eseswelles;i.j.esesl..eses713。74108521﹄J RO口0 CU八匕nU .… 八OA玉…     

菠萝成分的实时荧光PCR检测方法的建立

目的本文研究建立食品中菠萝成分的实时荧光PCR检测方法。方法根据菠萝rbcL基因设计菠萝物种特异性检测引物和荧光探针,对样品中的靶标基因片段进行检测,并进行物种特异性检测、灵敏度测试和实际应用检测。结果通过对供试的58种动植物材料进行检测,只有菠萝出现特异性扩增,其他物种材料无扩增;对不同浓度菠萝DNA样品和不同含量的菠萝粉样品进行灵敏度测试,该检测方法对菠萝成分的检测灵敏度分别为0.01 ng/μL菠萝DNA和0.1%菠萝粉;对市场销售的实际样品进行检测,能够满足于检测需求。结论该方法简单、灵敏、快速、准确,能应用于食品中菠萝成分检测。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the