多角度人脸最佳视角选取方法

针对目前多视角人脸最佳视角方法计算复杂、鲁棒性低,提出了一种基于人脸视角评价因子的人脸最佳视角自动选取方法.根据人脸肤色具有良好的聚类特性,结合YCbCr和YCgCr色彩空间进行人脸检测,利用嘴唇色彩与人脸肤色的差异性,确定嘴唇区域位置.由人脸区域与嘴唇区域进行人脸视角评价,从多目摄像机系统中自动选择人脸最佳视角.实验...     

基于YCgCr色彩空间的人脸检测技术研究

讨论一种复杂背景下彩色图像的人脸检测方法。在RGB色彩空间对输入图像进行光照补偿,采用YCgCr色彩空间的高斯肤色模型来分割肤色区域,对肤色分割后的二值图像进行数学形态学和连通区域的分析和处理,尽可能去除大部分非人脸区域,最终定位出人脸区域。实验证明,该方法对不同光照条件和复杂背景下的图像有较好的适应性和检测效果。     

彩色图像人脸检测与特征提取认证

本文提出一种在HSV空间快速进行人脸检测定位的肤色分割方法,并且与HSV空间中S分量空间特征提取方法相结合,提取人脸特征;然后对有特征点的区域,利用区域投影,包括水平投影和垂直投影,比对投影曲线,确定该区域是否符合人脸,进一步准确认证人脸.经过大量试验检验,本算法在任何背景下都具有较高的人脸检测准确率,同时在速度上可达到实时检测的要求.     

基于综合肤色检测和二值形态学的人脸定位研究

针对人脸定位检测中存在的速度慢、精度低及噪声干扰问题,提出了一种基于综合肤色检测和二值形态学的人脸定位检测算法.该算法将YCrCb(明亮度-色调-饱和度)模型与HSV(色相-饱和度-色调)模型用于人脸综合肤色检测,在YCrCb与HSV空间中根据待检测图像每点的颜色值进行人体区域或背景区域的判断;然后,将检测图像转换为二值图像,对图像进行形态学处理;最后,选用人脸几何特征对筛选后连通区域进行判别,实现人脸的准确定位和检测.实验结果表明,该算法对于简单、中等、复杂三种情况下人脸图像的检测正确率分别达到了99%、92%和85%.另外,由于二值形态学消噪算法的使用不仅提高了人脸检测的准确率,而且加快了检测速度.     

一种基于LVQ神经网络模型的人脸检测方法

人脸检测是人脸识别的首要环节.为快速准确地从复杂背景中定位出人脸区域,本文提出一种基于LVQ神经网络的人脸检测算法.通过分析肤色特征,将图像分别转换到YCbCr空间和HSI空间,提取Cb、Cr、H、S颜色分量用来描述人脸图像特征.构建结构为4202的LVQ神经网络模型,选取100幅图像作为LVQ神经网络的训练样本,20...     

一种基于肤色和边缘信息的人脸检测

人脸的检测是一个非常复杂的问题,对它的许多规律和规则进行显性的描述是相当困难的.文中提出一种基于肤色和边缘信息的人脸检测方法.该方法充分利用了人脸肤色的统计知识,首先利用肤色模型和边缘信息对人脸进行初定位,形成肤色区域,然后利用区域的特性例如紧凑性、坚固性、长宽比等来验证该肤色区域是否存在人脸.实验证明,该方法可以有效地运用于多人脸、不同尺寸、表情姿态和复杂背景的情况,具有较好的检测结果,还可以用于实时的人脸跟踪中.     

基于SVM的疲劳驾驶人脸图像特征检测算法

针对传统图像识别算法对疲劳驾驶检测精度差、准确率低的缺陷,提出了一种利用人脸图像特征提取的疲劳驾驶检测方法。首先将实时采集到的车辆驾驶员面部图像进行预处理,借助Dlib检测出图像中的人脸区域并进行人脸图像特征点的标注,然后使用基于眼睛纵横比(Eye Aspect Ratio,EAR)的方法进行图像中人眼疲劳特征的识别,基于嘴唇纵横比(Mouth Aspect Ratio,MAR)的方法进行图像中嘴部疲劳特征的识别,最后利用支持向量机(SVM)的方法将两种特征融合起来进行疲劳驾驶检测。实验表明,该方法可以准确地定位出特征点,疲劳检测的识别率达84.29%,可以有效地识别出疲劳状态。     

基于肤色和Adaboost算法的人脸检测

人脸检测是人脸识别的第一环节,也是非常关键的环节。试验中主要针对静态彩色图像进行人脸检测,研究肤色在人脸检测中的应用。不同图像背景、人脸的可变性和光照条件变化都增加了人脸检测的难度。因此,从一幅图像中检测人脸是一项具有挑战性的任务。采用Adaboost的人脸检测,并提出肤色与Adaboost算法相结合的人脸检测方法。对输入的彩色图像进行从RGB空间到YCbCr空间的转换,然后进行肤色分割,排除背景干扰,最后用Adaboost算法对可能区域进行检测,得到人脸位置。实验表明,该方法误检率低,鲁棒性好,对人脸检测有较强的实用性。     

基于Haar-like和肤色特征的驾驶员脸部检测融合算法

对驾驶员面部疲劳状态进行视觉监测的前提是脸部区域的准确、快速检测。采用改进的基于Haar-like特征的人脸检测算法检测出可能存在的初始人脸区域,然后适当扩大初始人脸区域范围,并在此基础上利用肤色特征和区域连通算法在YCbCr和rgb颜色空间上对人脸区域进行二次定位,最后根据定义的脸部区域重合度和人脸几何特征,实现脸部区域的融合检测。实验结果验证了该算法的准确性和可靠性。     

基于视觉注意机制的人脸区域预检测

为了快速搜索图像中的人脸区域,依据人类视觉系统的特点,引入Itti模型,提出了一种基于肤色特征和方向特征的人脸区域预检测注意力模型,并应用于复杂背景下彩色图像的人脸区域预检测.首先把图像从RGB空间转换到HSI空间,利用肤色在色度空间的聚散性,采用Gaussian金字塔和center-surround算子获取肤色和方向特征的多尺度视觉差异,通过这2个不同特征图的规格化和线性融合获得综合的显著图,由显著图地址转换成图像坐标找出原图中的人脸区域.实验结果表明,该方法能有效检测出人脸区域,且检测速度快,为后续的处理和分析提供了良好的基础.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.