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提出了一种基于二次曝光数字全息干涉术的子午线轮胎内部气泡缺陷无损检测方法.该方法利用数字全息记录系统记录下轮胎初始状态和受热膨胀变形状态的数字全息图,在计算机中对这些数字全息图分别再现后,将代表轮胎变形状态的再现波前与其初始状态的再现波前进行干涉,获得携带轮胎变化信息的干涉条纹和相位分布;分析了存在气泡缺陷区域的轮胎和无缺陷轮胎两种情况下的干涉条纹及其相位分布的特点和区别.分析结果表明:在轮胎内部存在缺陷的位置,其二次曝光数字全息干涉条纹具有与质量正常位置处干涉条纹相对独立的特征,该方法可以检测出轮胎气泡缺陷,记录系统的横向分辨率为16.4 μm. 相似文献
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探讨了菲涅耳近似算法实现数字全息相位再现的误差及抑制技术.理论分析了基于菲涅耳近似算法实现全息相位再现所包含的误差项,计算机模拟了数字离轴全息图的记录和相位再现结果.在此基础上,模拟分析了离焦误差、数字再现光波误差及样本深度对相位再现的影响.针对记录参考光波和光学器件所引入的相位误差及其不定性,提出了利用相位相减全息图处理方法加以消除,并给出了实验结果加以验证.模拟分析结果表明,菲涅耳近似算法误差、离焦误差、数字再现光波倾斜误差、解包裹错误对相位再现结果都有不同程度的影响,相位相减全息图处理方法可以减小再现相位误差至0.4%.对记录过程、再现参数选择和处理方法都进行严格控制或适当选取,可得到高精度的再现结果. 相似文献
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为实现基于数字全息的三维轮廓测量,本文探讨了菲涅耳近似算法实现数字全息相位再现的误差及抑制技术。首先理论分析了基于菲涅耳近似算法实现全息相位再现所包含的误差项,然后计算机模拟了数字离轴全息图的记录和相位再现结果,在此基础,模拟分析了离焦误差、数字再现光波误差及样本深度对相位再现的影响。针对记录参考光波和光学器件所引入的相位误差及其不定性,本文提出利用相位相减全息图处理方法加以消除,并给出了实验结果加以验证。模拟分析结果表明,菲涅耳近似算法误差、离焦误差、数字再现光波倾斜误差、解包裹错误对相位再现结果都有不同程度的影响。若获得高精度的再现结果,对记录过程、再现参数选择和处理方法都要进行严格控制或适当的选取。 相似文献
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基于数字全息技术的变形测量 总被引:2,自引:10,他引:2
全息技术在测量、防伪中有大量应用.数字全息技术采用数字记录和计算机处理,实现测量的方法上有其特点.本文重点对数字全息技术实现变形测量的方法和具体算法开展了研究.论文首先总结了数字全息技术应用中的基本问题,包括数字全息算法问题和噪声抑制问题等.叙述了基于数字全息技术的变形测量基本思想,及相位恢复算法,同时分析了几种变形测量的实现方法,并提出了"2+2"步变形测量方法.该方法相对于"1+1"步变形测量方法,提高了测量精度,同时比"4+4"步变形测量法提高了动态性.本文建立了实验系统,获得了硬币的数字全息图,实现了常用的"1+1"步变形测量方法、相移算法的变形测量方法以及"2+2"步变形测量方法,给出了"2+2"变形测量的实验结果.实验结果表明在数字全息技术中结合相移技术进行测量,可以提高物波再现精度,进而提高变形等的测量精度. 相似文献
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建立了移频式全息光栅曝光干涉条纹锁定系统以提高全息光栅槽型对比度并降低由外部环境造成的曝光干涉条纹相位移动。根据系统的组成原理,分析了相位测量系统中莫尔条纹的产生条件及其与干涉条纹相位变化的关系,给出了探测器的选择方法。根据系统精度要求计算了A/D转换位数,自行设计了数字控制系统。提出采用光束移频方法来调整条纹相位,应用声光调制器对干涉条纹移动进行实时校正。实验结果表明,该系统采样频率可以达到5kHz,对干涉条纹漂移和10Hz以下的低频振动都有较好的抑制作用,相位变化3σ值小于0.12rad,即相位变化小于±0.02个干涉条纹周期。该系统可以实时有效地锁定曝光干涉条纹,较好地满足全息曝光的要求。 相似文献
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《机械制造与自动化》2016,(6)
为了对光学元件的三维面型进行检测,提出了用数字全息的方法实现单透镜的非接触无损、高效率检测。首先构建了离轴透射式数字全息系统,采用角谱算法对数字全息图进行再现,然后采用HRO相减法消除零级衍射干扰像,提高全息图质量,利用最小二乘法对相位进行解包裹,进而获取透镜的三维轮廓信息。实验结果表明,数字全息技术能有效获取光学元件表面轮廓信息。 相似文献
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介绍了全息扫描镜的原理,给出了等空间频率分布及变空间频率分布的全息扫描镜结构.基于全息图相位及相位传递函数方法,分析了全息扫描镜产生直线扫描条件,推导出记录子全息图各参数之间的关系,得出了利用短波长光记录子全息图,用长波长光再现,实现线性扫描的结果.提出了由于波长移动引起的像差校正方法.分析了摆动与偏心对扫描特性的影响.简介了所设计的变空间频率分布的全息扫描镜. 相似文献
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《仪表技术与传感器》1974,(5)
用全息技术制造衍射光栅就是通过摄制点源的全息图而制造的光栅。大家知道,全息图所记录的是物光和参考光之间的干涉条纹,它相当于一个复杂的光栅。当物光和参考光均为点源时,其干涉条纹就有比较简单的规律,所得到的全息图可视作一个广泛意义下的光栅。 相似文献
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Takashi Nomura Kazuhide Kamiya Hiroshi Miyashiro Hatsuzo Tashiro Kazuo Yoshikawa 《Precision Engineering》1997,20(2):112-116
A simple type of zone-plate interferometer has been developed to measure precisely the positioning error of a cutting tool. Interference fringes obtained by the interferometer are little affected by air turbulence in the optical paths and by machine vibrations. The shape of the mirrors surface being tested is spherical and is manufactured with an ultraprecision lathe. A zone plate is set at the midposition between the vertex of the spherical mirror being tested and the center of curvature of the mirror. The error in the shape of the mirror and the positioning error of the tool can be determined by analyzing the interference fringes. Two spherical concave mirrors were measured. One mirror was manufactured with a tool that had same positioning error. The positioning error was observed as distortion of the interference fringes. The images obtained by the zone-plane interferometer agree well with the images obtained by a Fizeau interferometer and a computer simulation based on the experimental results. The other mirror was manufactured with the tool after the positioning error had been eliminated, based upon the results of the above experiments. The interference fringes of the mirror show no distortion, and the error in the shape of the mirror is small. 相似文献
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Andersson M Persson L Svensson T Svanberg S 《The Review of scientific instruments》2007,78(11):113107
We present a flexible and compact, digital, lock-in detection system and its use in high-resolution tunable diode laser spectroscopy. The system involves coherent sampling, and is based on the synchronization of two data acquisition cards running on a single standard computer. A software-controlled arbitrary waveform generator is used for laser modulation, and a four-channel analog/digital board records detector signals. Gas spectroscopy is performed in the wavelength modulation regime. The coherently detected signal is averaged a selected number of times before it is stored or analyzed by software-based, lock-in techniques. Multiple harmonics of the modulation signal (1f, 2f, 3f, 4f, etc.) are available in each single data set. The sensitivity is of the order of 10(-5), being limited by interference fringes in the measurement setup. The capabilities of the system are demonstrated by measurements of molecular oxygen in ambient air, as well as dispersed gas in scattering materials, such as plants and human tissue. 相似文献
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A novel method for identifying the order of interference using phase‐shifting digital holography
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T.Z.N. SOKKAR K.A. EL‐FARAHATY W.A. RAMADAN H.H. WAHBA M.I. RASLAN A.A. HAMZA 《Journal of microscopy》2016,262(1):73-84
In this paper, we introduced a mathematical method for measuring the optical path length differences (OPDs), which is suitable for large OPD values where the fringes connections are difficult to detect. The proposed method is based on varying the width of the fringes, without changing the wavelength of the used coherent source. Also, in this work, we discussed the need for such method in off‐axis phase‐shifting digital holography. Low‐resolution off‐axis holograms failed to detect the correct interference order. In general, off‐axis phase‐shifting digital holography is limited by the resolution of the captured holograms. The results obtained using our proposed technique were compared to the results obtained using off‐axis phase‐shifting digital holograms and conventional two‐beam interferometry. Holograms were given for illustration. 相似文献
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S. L. Sokolov 《Journal of Machinery Manufacture and Reliability》2007,36(1):45-49
A method for simulating the three-dimensional rubber-cord structure of radial pneumatic tires with the aid of bulk isotropic elements that are different for the cord threads and the rubber matrix is suggested and substantiated. This enables study of the stress concentrations and prediction of the zones of failure of tires in the design process. 相似文献
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针对一种新式伪刚性免充气轮胎的结构特点,建立了一种分析其径向刚度特性的伪刚体柔体耦合模型。将伪刚体理论得到的轮胎板簧位移方程和弹性力学得到的輮轮形变方程进行耦合,解得轮胎的下沉量与变形情况。结果表明:伪刚性免充气轮胎的下沉量与载荷成正比,其径向刚度比一般普通充气/非充气轮胎大,低车速时平顺性好,高车速时平顺性稍有欠缺。为验证所提模型,比较了同种边界条件下的有限元解,两者的结果很接近,且伪刚体柔体耦合模型计算时间较短。利用所提模型对伪刚性免充气轮胎的径向刚度进行优化,得到了所需的设计尺寸参数。 相似文献
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针对目前相移控制器件费用高、操作复杂等不足,提出了一种数字相移方法.并将其与全息干涉术相结合,进行了相移全息干涉术的实验研究.应用MATLAB软件,结合图像处理方法,通过对全息干涉条纹精确控制使其定向移动,实现了四步相移,获得4个干涉图.应用四步相移法原理和相位去包裹方法,最终成功求得物体变形引起的三维位相差,实现物体变形的三维测试.实验表明,该方法不仅简化了全息干涉测试的光学装置,避免传统相移器件相移精度低、容易造成相移误差的缺点,且操作简单,测试精度高,其精度容易达到1/10波长. 相似文献