一种模糊森林学习方法及其行人检测应用

针对随机森林学习方法训练数据时存在的过拟合问题,通过改进各决策节点的决策函数设计一种模糊森林学习方法。利用高斯隶属度函数构建决策树上各节点的决策函数,将确定决策路径转换为模糊决策路径。根据样本从根节点到叶节点所经过的所有决策节点的模糊决策值乘积生成模糊路径。结合各模糊路径与相应叶节点预测参数得到预测结果。将模糊森林学习方法应用到行人检测领域,分别对Haar特征和方向梯度直方图特征进行学习与分类。实验结果表明,与经典的Adaboost、支持向量机和随机森林分类器相比,模糊森林方法可有效提高行人检测的识别率。     

轮换对称分块SVM图像重建算法及硬件实现

针对ECT系统SVM图像重建算法在处理大规模样本数据集时,成像精度不高及速度慢的问题,提出轮换对称分块支持向量机 RSPSVM 算法。算法对ECT系统模型进行具有轮换对称性的等面积剖分,使得通过一个单元即可得到同层其他所有单元的敏感度值;再选择性分块,形成可分别应用SVM 算法进行训练的小样本矩阵,用得出的决策函数进行样本预测;并采用FPGA硬件实现RSPSVM算法。图像重建实验结果表明,通过硬件实现的RSPSVM算法大大减少了执行时间,并提高了成像的精度。     

机场未爆弹识别技术应用研究

由于机场未爆弹识别具有模糊性和风险性的特点,尝试把最近发展起来的模糊支持向量机引入到机场耒爆弹探测中.首先对数据进行预处理,得到各点的风险隶属度,并将其引入决策函数的生成过程.机场未爆弹探测试验结果表明最后得到的决策函数对重要数据的分类精度有明显改善.     

基于模糊加权SVM的SAR图像水体自动检测

提出一种SAR图像水体自动检测方法。该方法采用树型小波对SAR图像进行分解,提取样本图像与待检测图像的中频信息,并进行纹理分析,利用模糊加权支持向量机对样本图像的纹理进行训练,从而获得判别水体的决策函数,通过该决策函数能够检测出图像的水体区域。该方法结合了图像的灰度与纹理信息,减少了SAR图像中的噪声影响,能够适用于大幅面范围的SAR图像水体自动检测。     

一种VLSI剖分系统的研究与实现

基于多水平方法,设计并实现了一种VLSI剖分系统（Multilevel-based VLSI Partitioner,MVP）。介绍了MVP系统的结构框图、处理流程及模块功能。MVP系统的多水平剖分程序引入图核到粗化阶段,谱图论到初始剖分阶段,群智能到投影优化阶段,得到了无向赋权图更优的剖分。MVP系统特点体现在VLSI线网到无向赋权图的转换,避免了剖分算法直接在VLSI线网上进行剖分,提高了VLSI剖分的效率。实验及分析表明MVP系统的多水平剖分程序能找到更优的图剖分,以及MVP系统找到比现有技术更优的VLSI剖分,提高了VLSI剖分的性能。     

平面点集三角剖分算法的改进性研究

介绍了三角剖分的基本知识和方法,并且使用VB开发工具实现了一种改进后的三角剖分算法。讨论了现有各种三角剖分之间的优缺点,并对各种剖分进行了系统分析,最终在现有剖分算法的基础上给出了一种散列点密度产生法,使得三角剖分的结果更加合理。     

基于GeoSOT剖分编码的多尺度空间信息区域包含关系计算方法

针对现阶段不同层次空间信息缺乏联系的问题,提出了一种基于剖分编码的多尺度空间信息间区域包含关系计算方法。首先,以GeoSOT剖分框架为组织基础,在不同尺度层上,以剖分面片作为基本单元组合表示地理对象,依据对象表达多尺度剖分编码模型将地理对象赋予剖分编码。然后,提出了基于剖分编码的区域包含关系计算方法,并给出了算法实现的具体流程。进一步采用剖分信息树状结构对空间信息进行统一管理,为剖分体系下组织与管理不同层次的空间信息提供了一种有效的解决思路。     

面向并行负载平衡的数据剖分技术*

对传统的数据剖分技术和负载平衡对大规模并行计算性能的影响进行了综述,介绍了目前典型的几何剖分方法和图剖分方法的特点,并分析比较各种剖分算法及常用剖分软件包(ParMETIS、Zoltan、JOSTLE等)在实际应用中的优缺点,深入探讨了数据剖分技术是如何对超大规模数值模拟计算任务进行高效划分以解决负载平衡问题的,以期为开展并行计算研究和并行性能优化的研究人员提供参考。     

一种加权剖分简单多边形为三角形和凸四边形子域的算法

针对计算几何与有限元网格自动剖分中多边形子域剖分问题，给出了一种适用于有限元网格子域单元（即大单元）剖分的标准，并提出了一种通过在可视点对之间引进适当的多边形剖分和根据子域单元的形状质量判定因子来引导剖分的算法。由于建立的权函数和凹角（凸角）本身有关，因此对同属于凹角（凸角）的权函数也可以加以权值上的区分。该算法通过分步进行剖分，即先将简单多边形剖分为凸多边形，然后再将凸多边形剖分为凸六边形和凸五边形，最后将凸六边形和凸五边形剖分为三角形和凸四边形，以得到满足要求的剖分结果。在以上的每个剖分过程中，都引进了权重来引导剖分，使得剖分结果更加优化、合理。     

一种快速三维散乱点云的三角剖分算法

改进了一种三维散乱点云三角剖分算法。三角剖分是点云数据曲面重构的主要算法之一,但针对三维散乱点云的三角剖分存在剖分效率不高,剖分得到的三角曲面形状无法控制,细节特征表现不足的问题。提出了基于空间栅格划分的三角剖分算法,并提出了一个新的评价函数,以控制三角网格曲面的生长。实验证明,改进后的算法极大的提高了剖分效率,而且能保证最终生成的三角网格曲面平滑而保有丰富的细节特征,适用于在虚拟现实、曲面重构等领域推广使用。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。