Composite reliability evaluation by sequential Monte Carlosimulation on parallel and distributed processing environments

This paper describes two parallel methodologies for composite reliability evaluation using sequential Monte Carlo simulation. The methodologies are based on coarse grain asynchronous implementations. In the first methodology, a complete simulation year is analyzed on a single processor and the many simulated years necessary for convergence are analyzed in parallel. In the second methodology, the adequacy analysis of the system operating states within the simulated years is performed in parallel and the convergence is checked on one processor at the end of each simulated year. The methodologies are implemented on a 10 nodes IBM RS/6000 SP scalable distributed memory parallel computer and on a network of 8 IBM RS/6000 43P workstations. The results obtained in tests with actual power system models showed high speedup and efficiency on both parallel platforms     

Real-time simulation of a twelve-pulse full converter

Within this paper, a method for the real-time simulation of a twelve-pulse full converter is described. The method is based on a finite-difference simulation of the homogeneous state model of the converter with the inputs clamped over an integer multiple of solution time steps. The simulation code described was written in FORTRAN and executed on IBM RISC System/6000 machines. The computation time required for each simulation time step was 40 μs, which satisfied the real-time constraint. The resultant code is suitable for inclusion in a system-level simulator where multiple subsystems are simulated in parallel on multiple processors.     

Profibus-DP与RS232／RS422／RS485之间通信适配器的研制

详细介绍了基于单片机和SPC3的Profibus—DP与RS232／RS422／RS485之间通信适配器的研制,并给出了详细的硬件电路和软件设计流程。实验表明该通讯适配器对主站和RS232／RS422／RS485接口设备具有数据传输功能,为系统开放互连和现场分布式控制打下基础。     

Real-time simulation methods for a six-pulse converter

This paper demonstrates the simulation of a six-pulse converter within stringent real-time constraints. A clamped-input technique was employed to reduce the computational burden at each time step and to relax the time step constraints associated with other system components which may be interacting in a system-level simulation. Additionally, unique architectural aspects of the computing platform were exploited to enhance the simulation performance. The results and methodologies employed to obtain real-time processing on the IBM RISC System/6000 that are presented are intended to provide guidelines for various problems of a similar nature.     

A new course on supercomputers and parallel architectures

Parallel processing and distributed computing are two areas attracting a great deal of attention. Several universities and institutions are involved in the teaching of courses on parallel programming, distributed operating systems and parallel algorithms, but very few of them offer a course from the hardware point of view. The course structure presented in this paper gives a considerable emphasis on the hardware for parallel processing. Various topics such as the design of high speed computing devices, hardware design of multiple pipelines, design of a variety of memory configurations, design of an NXN interconnection network and the hardware for systolic architectures and neural network architectures are presented in this course. Students have the opportunity to actually design a distributed shared memory system using IBM PC machines and write software for them. The assignments for the course are in the form of both individual and group projects on the implementation of various schemes for parallel processing such as synchronization mechanisms (e.g., locks and barrier) in hardware. In addition, a group project deals with the design of a pipelined floating point unit. Further, a complementary course on VLSI provides the necessary skills for the students to implement the devices as a VLSI chip. Students also have the opportunity to do hands on work with transputers and develop hardware and software based around them. This course has received good feedback both from academia and industries within Australia     

It takes a multiagent system to manage distributed systems

This article describes a new multiagent system for the management of distributed systems. The system is proposed to optimize the execution of management functions in distributed systems. The system includes the function of each agent and the interactions that occur among agents. The proposed system uses two mobile agents. The first is use to submit tasks to the subnetworks of the distributed system and the other collects results from these subnetworks. The proposed multiagent system is implemented using IBM aglets developed by Lange and Oshima with Java virtual machine (JVM)     

基于双核模型的 PROFINET IO 从站设备设计

为解决分布式 I/O 设备的串行接口与外部系统进行通信时实时性较差、可靠性较低的问题,设计了一种基于 PROFINET 实时工业以太网的IO 从站设备。提出了一种基于 PROFINET 通信核芯片和RS485 应用核芯片的双核模型方 案,其中 PROFINET 通信核芯片采用专业集成电路芯片,RS485 应用核芯片采用 STM32 微控制器芯片,双核一同完成 PROFINET 协议与RS485 协议之间的转换工作。分析了主站控制器和IO 模块通过从站设备进行非循环数据和循环数据交 互的流程,设计了从站设备和IO 模块的通用站描述文件,通过在从站设备中集成 PROFINET 网络通信接口和RS485 通信接 口,搭建了一套完整的 PROFINET IO 通信测试平台并完成了系统组态,测试结果表明,设计的从站设备实现了从 PROFINET 协议到 RS485 协议的跨网通信,为传统分布式I/O 设备连接 PROFINET 工业以太网的技术领域提供了一个可 行、可靠的解决方案。     

The Use of On-Line Graphical Computer Systems for Student Research

The purpose of this paper is to point out the advantages and disadvantages of using an on-line graphical computer for graduate student research. The system itself consists of an IBM 2250 model I graphic console operating through IBM 360/40,/75, and /91 computers. It was hoped that this would provide an interactive graphical system permitting the student to solve his dissertation problems in a novel fashion. The experience gained in this endeavor and the methodology which the student might develop could prove to be even more valuable than the solution of the problem itself and would constitute an integral part of his thesis. The paper reports on the work carried out for a Master's thesis and for a Ph. D. dissertation. The former consisted of an attempt to solve nonlinear programming problems in n dimensions by searching for the optima on a CRT screen exhibiting contour lines and constraints in two variables, the others being varied by on-line control. The other application consisted of developing a simulation language allowing for on-line graphical displays and interaction, and applying this language to the design and analysis of a complex digital computer system consisting, in particular, of a variable number of time shared consoles. The results of this work clearly showed the convenience of an interactive graphic system while underlining the difficulties experienced in operating either with an inherently slow system or a powerful system slowed down by batch background operation.     

The Design, Development and Implementation of the Integrated EMS/DMS for the Project of Beijing Power System

l.IntroductionTheBeijngpowersystemisthelargestdistrictpowersysteminChina.Themaximumloadwasmorethan47ooMWinl997andisplannedtoabout6oooMWin2OOO.Itcoversl6,9Oosquarekilometersandiscomposedof282substationswiththevoltageof5oOkV,22OkV,l1okV,35kVandlOkVnow.Thedistrictcontrolcenter(DCC)isinchargeofdispatchingalIthetransmissionlinesandequipmentwiththevoltageofllOkV,35kV,andpartof22okV.Therearel5subcontroIcenterswhichareinchargeofdispatchingthedistributionlinesandequipmentwiththevoltageoflok…     

低压配电实时监测系统的设计

针对配电网中结构复杂、位置分散、管理手段落后的问题,利用GPRS、Modem、RS-232/485接口等技术,结合现场总线控制理论,开发了一种分布式的低压配电智能监测系统.该系统采用集中数据管理,分层、分布式监测控制,采集多功能电能表的数据,通过RS-232接口连接GPRS模块向终端传输,实现了配电变压器参数的远程监测和对突发事件的发短信功能.现场使用表明,该系统组建网方便、自动化程度高、运行安全可靠和优质经济,有较高的推广价值.     

孤岛微网中分布式储能SOC和效率均衡控制策略

在微网的运行中,不同储能电池的特性和初始状态不一致,会降低电池组间的功率分配精度。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于并联储能单元荷电状态(SOC)和充放电效率的储能均衡控制策略,以均衡电池差异和减少系统有功损失。所提方法采用分布式控制方式,将各分布式储能单元的SOC和充放电效率作为控制输入量,实时调整其输出功率,在满足系统功率需求的同时实现功率均分及并联储能单元间SOC和效率差异均衡。在此基础上,基于各储能单元SOC设计了均衡影响因子,采用两段法优化并联储能单元间SOC的均衡效果。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真分析了所提控制策略在分布式负载变化、系统电源故障切除及有无均衡影响因子动态变化情况下的SOC均衡效果,仿真结果验证了所提方法的有效性和"即插即用"特性。     

基于数字标识器的移动目标监控系统设计

针对移动目标非法入侵特定区域的检测问题，利用数字标识器(DST)设计了一套非接触监控系统，介绍了11公司的DST和其读写器的工作原理，描述了基于RS485总线的分布式监控系统的组成和功能．     

A parallel computer implementation of power system transientstability assessment using the transient energy function method

The development of a parallel version of the transient energy function method program on an IBM 3090-600E supercomputer is described. The step-by-step procedure for converting a sequential code to a parallel environment is detailed. The parallel code was tested on a 50 generator Ontario Hydro network. With six parallel processors, an elapsed time speedup of 5.36 was obtained     

TD6000分散控制系统的技术特点

分散控制系统是由过程控制级和过程监控级组成的,以通讯网络为纽带的多级计算机系统,具有控制分散、集中操作、管理分级、配置灵活以及组态方便等优点。详细介绍了新一代开放式国产TD6000分散控制系统的构成、特点和关键技术,指出该系统已应用在许多50～300Mw机组上,并将运用到300Mw以上的火电机组。     

主从式微机给料系统的软硬件设计

现代化工业生产的领域中,具有计量功能的给料机在散状物料输送系统中的应用日渐增多.本文介绍了一种分布式数据采集与监控系统,阐述了系统的结构特点和工作原理,从软硬件方面进行了设计.将采集数据上传给控制中心的上位机时,采用MAX485接口转换芯片将RS232转换成RS485协议进行远距离传送.本装置具有操作方便、控制灵活可靠、人机界面友好等特点,在实际应用中也取得了良好的使用效果.     

新型冶金连铸多流电磁搅拌装置计算机控制系统的研制

介绍一种冶金多流电磁搅拌装置计算机控制系统，该系统基于IBM－PC总线，具有开放式和多级分布式体系结构。文中概要讨论了系统的主要功能、组成原理和相关技术。     

基于PC机群的电力系统小干扰稳定分布式并行算法

大区电网互联后,系统弱阻尼动态稳定问题突出使区域间的低频振荡现象时有发生。对大规模电网进行小干扰稳定分析时,电网数据按地理位置分布,各电网仅拥有本网的数据,全网数据收集困难;超大规模电网对应的高阶代数/微分方程组模型在线性化之后的矩阵规模庞大,特征值求解速度慢,这些都要求从分布式及并行计算的角度去研究小干扰稳定问题。该文基于中国电力科学研究院提出的"端口逆矩阵并行解法",提出并实现了小干扰稳定特征值求解的"逆迭代转Rayleigh商迭代法分布式并行算法"和"同时迭代法分布式并行算法"。所提出的小干扰稳定特征值分布式并行解法,通讯次数少,每次的通讯量小,具备分布式计算的实际应用前景。应用所开发的小干扰稳定并行计算程序,在实际大规模系统上进行了测试和分析,验证了所提出算法的正确性和有效性。     

基于WAMS的交直流并联输电系统模型辨识算法

在线辨识交直流并联输电系统模型是进行HVDC广域阻尼控制的前提。该文提出一种利用有限长广域测量数据在线辨识交直流并联输电系统模型的方法。假设系统为单输入、多输出模型,推导了交直流并联输电系统模型辨识理论,并以此为基础,用AR过程理论推导了Prony信号模型参数辨识的算法及计算过程时间消耗的计算公式;采用同步相量测量单元(phasor measurement unit,PMU)的GPS时钟准确计算了数据传输延时;在基于广域测量系统(wide area measurement system,WAMS)的调度自动化系统中,将计算事务分布实现,进一步提高了系统模型辨识速度。以南方电网中的贵广交直流并联输电系统为算例,证明了该算法的有效性与可靠性。     

Real time network simulation with PC-cluster

This paper presents a new architecture layout for a real-time power system simulator based on a distributed cluster of IBM PC-compatible desktop computers. A real-time network simulator based on a PC cluster can successfully cope with the size requirements of growing power systems and the computational demands of fast transient studies. A powerful product has been developed using off-the-shelf Pentium II 400-MHz workstations with a commercial real-time operating system, standard input/output (I/O) interfaces, and a multimachine networking scheme. Models based on the standard tool for power systems transients simulations, the Electromagnetic Transients Programs (EMTP) program, optimized for real-time performance ensure accurate simulation results.     

用NETWORK-6OOO实现锅炉汽包水位保护逻辑自功转换功能

根据NETWORK-6000分散控制系统的特点,介绍一种在锅炉汽包水位保护逻辑中实现自动转换功能的方法。射阳港发电有限责任公司用该方法对汽包水位保护逻辑进行完善后,锅炉水位信号可靠性提高,保障了锅炉的安全运行。