乙烯氧氯化工业反应器的模型化

针对乙烯氧氯化反应过程所用的挡板流化床反应器的结构和操作特点，建立了一个比较完整和实用的能反映中、高气速下，较大开孔率挡板流化床的气固流动的多釜串联模型，并进行了模型的数学推导和求解。该模型能较好地模拟工业反应器内轴向的气体浓度分布和床层温度分布规律。研究结果表明，在本反应体系中，因乙烯和氧的过量，导致反应过程的后期ＨＣｌ转化率为相间传质控制，强化相间传质效果是保证ＨＣｌ高转化率的有效手段。     

氧氯化反应器进料控制系统的优化

介绍了氧氯化反应器进料控制系统的优化过程,并给出了优化控制框图,简要说明了应用效果。     

丙烯腈流化床反应器的操作优化

介绍了丙烯腈生产工艺,阐述了应用正交设计优化和多元回归优化实现丙烯腈流化床反应器操作优化的原理和方法。实际应用表明操作优化可以显著提高丙烯腈收率。     

氧氯化反应器堵塞现象浅析

叙述了乙烯平衡氧氯化法生产装置中氧氯化单元反应器堵塞现象,并对该装置发生的堵塞现象进行了分析和探讨,指出了氧氯化单元在运行和检修期间应注意的问题。     

氧氯化流化床反应器内三级旋风分离器大型冷态对比试验研究

针对氧氯化流化床反应器操作条件,确定了旋风分离器冷态对比试验方案,并进行了大型冷态对比试验。结果表明,三级PV型旋风分离器分离性能优于国外引进的旋风分离器,且稳定性也要好,可以满足生产的要求。     

氧氯化催化剂催化乙烯燃烧副反应的动力学

在小型流化床反应器中,在常压,210～250 ℃,流化气速0.04 m/s的条件下,采用工业用NC-1000型氧氯化催化剂进行催化C2H4燃烧副反应的宏观动力学实验.采用幂函数型动力学方程建立了C2H4燃烧反应动力学模型,采用改进的高斯-牛顿法回归模型参数,并进行残差分析和统计检验.结果表明,所得到的反应器出口C2H4的摩尔分率的动力学模型计算值与实验数据吻合良好,可以为乙烯氧氯化流化床反应器的放大设计和模型化提供理论依据.     

国产催化剂在氧氯化反应器中应用的可能性

本文选用北京化工研究生产的国产催化剂和日本触媒化成NC－1000催化剂，通过进行物性比较、评价试验、齐鲁公司工业性应用试验以及氧氯化反应器内置冷却管腐蚀原因分析等多方面进行论证，探讨国产催化剂在我公司氧氯化反应器中应用的可能性。     

氧氯化反应器故障原因分析及处理

简介氧氯化反应器结构及技术参数，以及该设备在运行过程中存在的问题。较详细地介绍了氧氯化反应器泄漏部位，分析了局部腐蚀泄漏原因，提出了修复处理意见。     

氧氯化反应器腐蚀的形成与对策

1 前言金属的腐蚀,一般分为化学腐蚀和电化学腐蚀。而金属在机械因素影响下的应力腐蚀,根据腐蚀机理的不同,在本文中应属电化学腐蚀。有时两类腐蚀又相互作用和影响,从而更加快了腐蚀的速度。如在氧氯化反应器内就同时存在上述两类腐蚀的可能性。     

气液固三相流化床反应器测试技术

在简述已有三相流化床测试技术的基础上,着重对近年来开发的测试新技术的基本原理及优缺点进行了分析,包括光纤探头技术、超声探头技术、放射颗粒跟踪技术、X射线颗粒跟踪测试技术、颗粒图像测速技术、电容层析成像技术、激光多普勒测速技术和相多普勒测速技术等,同时,展望了三相流化床测试技术的新方向.     

Dynamics and Predictive Control of Gas Phase Propylene Polymerization in Fluidized Bed Reactors

A two-phase dynamic model, describing gas phase propylene polymerization in a fluidized bed reactor, was used to explore the dynamic behavior and process control of the polypropylene production rate an...     

流化床反应器中气相丙烯聚合反应的动力学和预测控制(英文)

A two-phase dynamic model, describing gas phase propylene polymerization in a fluidized bed reactor, was used to explore the dynamic behavior and process control of the polypropylene production rate and reactor temperature. The open loop analysis revealed the nonlinear behavior of the polypropylene fluidized bed reactor, jus- tifying the use of an advanced control algorithm for efficient control of the process variables. In this case, a central- ized model predictive control （MPC） technique was implemented to control the polypropylene production rate and reactor temperature by manipulating the catalyst feed rate and cooling water flow rate respectively. The corre- sponding MPC controller was able to track changes in the setpoint smoothly for the reactor temperature and pro- duction rate while the setpoint tracking of the conventional proportional-integral （PI） controller was oscillatory with overshoots and obvious interaction between the reactor temperature and production rate loops. The MPC was able to produce controller moves which not only were well within the specified input constraints for both control vari- ables, but also non-aggressive and sufficiently smooth for practical implementations. Furthermore, the closed loop dynamic simulations indicated that the speed of rejecting the process disturbances for the MPC controller were also acceotable for both controlled variables.     

流化床反应器过程强化技术

Fluidized beds enable good solids mixing, high rates of heat and mass transfer, and large throughputs, but there remain issues related to fluidization quality and scale-up. In this work I review modification techniques for fluidized beds from the perspective of the principles of process intensification (PI), that is, effective bubbling sup-pression and elutriation control. These techniques are further refined into (1) design factors, e.g. modifying the bed configuration, or the application of internal and external forces, and (2) operational factors, including altering the particle properties (e.g. size, density, surface area) and fluidizing gas properties (e.g. density, viscosity, or velocity). As far as two proposed PI principles are concerned, our review suggests that it ought to be possible to gain improve-ments of between 2 and 4 times over conventional fluidized bed designs by the application of these techniques.     

两段循环流化床中氯化氢催化氧化制氯气

在两段循环流化床反应器中进行氯化氢催化氧化制氯气的实验. 研究表明,HCl转化率比普通流化床有大幅度提高. 当主要组分为CuCl2的负载型催化剂中的Cu含量为5%时,能够保证反应器的连续顺利运转,而且具有较高的催化活性. 氧氯化段的适宜反应温度为390~400℃,氯化段适宜的反应温度为200~240℃. 在较低的HCl进料空速或较高的O2与HCl进料体积比条件下,HCl转化率较高.     

Cocurrent Downflow Fluidized Bed Dryer: Experimental Equipment and Modeling

Product damage, high energy consumption, and nonhomogeneous final properties are present in typical drying operations such as pneumatic drying, fluidized-bed dryers, and upward circulating fluidized-bed dryers. The downer bed has been shown to be a good technique for this processes. The objective of this work is to test an experimental downflow dryer and model its operation. The equipment consists of a 5-m-high stainless steel duct with 0.17 m i.d. Gas velocity was varied between 0.3 and 8 m/s in co-current solid flow varying between 0 and 50 kg/m²s. Drying rates, pressures, and total flux for solid and gas are determined. Temperature profiles for gas and solid along the radial and axial directions are determined and tested with model predictions. The solid particles were previously dried turnip (Brassica napus) seeds. The equipment shows good operational conditions and facilities for parameter determination, but must be complemented with better equipment for particle concentration determinations. The model's predictions of pressure, gas velocity, solid concentration, and temperature are compared with our experimental values or those reported in the literature.     

Cocurrent Downflow Fluidized Bed Dryer: Experimental Equipment and Modeling

ABSTRACT

Product damage, high energy consumption, and nonhomogeneous final properties are present in typical drying operations such as pneumatic drying, fluidized-bed dryers, and upward circulating fluidized-bed dryers. The downer bed has been shown to be a good technique for this processes. The objective of this work is to test an experimental downflow dryer and model its operation. The equipment consists of a 5-m-high stainless steel duct with 0.17 m i.d. Gas velocity was varied between 0.3 and 8 m/s in co-current solid flow varying between 0 and 50 kg/m²s. Drying rates, pressures, and total flux for solid and gas are determined. Temperature profiles for gas and solid along the radial and axial directions are determined and tested with model predictions. The solid particles were previously dried turnip (Brassica napus) seeds. The equipment shows good operational conditions and facilities for parameter determination, but must be complemented with better equipment for particle concentration determinations. The model's predictions of pressure, gas velocity, solid concentration, and temperature are compared with our experimental values or those reported in the literature.     

液固流化床内床层塌落动态过程的数值模拟

在理论分析液固流化床内床层塌落过程的基础上,对水和玻璃球体系的床层动态塌落行为进行了多相流数值模拟,详细考察了液体速度突然减小后床层表面和分隔界面随时间的变化规律,模拟结果与经典模型预测值相吻合,表明多相流计算流体动力学模拟可以很好地预测液固流化床的床层动态塌落行为。     

循环流化床锅炉房的设计与运行

介绍了大峪口热电厂锅炉房的配置设计，循环流化床锅炉本体局部结构及材料的修改，锅炉调试过程中存在的问题及解决办法以及在循环流化床锅炉房设计中采用ＤＣＳ控制的情况。