六硼化硅(SiB6)添加剂对B4C陶瓷致密化与力学性能的影响

采用热压烧结(2000℃保温1h)制备了添加2wt%和5wt%SiB6的B4C陶瓷,研究了SiB6不同添加量对B4C陶瓷致密化和力学性能的影响.结果表明: SiB6能有效地促进B4C的烧结,并有助于提高材料的力学性能. SiB6的添加量为2wt%时,B4C陶瓷的块体密度为2.515g/cm3,是理论密度的99.5%,抗折强度和硬度分别达到426.6MPa和31.2GPa. SiB6添加量增加为5wt%时,材料的密度为2.500g/cm3,强度和硬度分别下降为387MPa和29.7GPa.不同添加量对B4C陶瓷的断裂韧性的影响不明显,添加2wt%和5wt%SiB6的B4C陶瓷的K1C分别为3.20和3.28MPa·m1/2.文中还对烧结样品的物相和影响力学性能的原因进行了讨论.     

空气中无压烧结Al2O3/SiC陶瓷的微观结构及性能

研究了Al2O3/SiC陶瓷在空气中的烧结行为,实现了该体系在空气中的致密化烧结,1600℃添加10%(体积分数,下同)SiC的试样致密度达到97.6%,维氏硬度达到14.45GPa.探讨了烧结温度与SiC含量对Al2O3/SiC陶瓷微观结构和致密度、硬度等性能的影响,高温下烧结可得到较致密的陶瓷,但SiC含量超过30%的试样会产生"夹心"现象.探索了粉末埋烧对陶瓷致密度的影响,表明埋烧的方法可以降低低SiC含量试样的气孔率,起到抑制氧化的作用.     

新型Al2O3-TiC-WC纳米复合陶瓷刀具的研制

本课题在微米级Al2O3基体中添加纳米TiC和微米WC作为增强相,通过调整复合陶瓷材料中基体和增强相的含量、优化烧结工艺参数,成功制备出性能良好的Al2O3/TiC/WC纳米复合陶瓷刀具材料.并对该材料的力学性能、微观结构、压痕裂纹扩展形态进行了研究.结果表明,该材料不但保持了普通陶瓷刀具材料硬度高、耐磨性能好、不易与金属产生粘结、化学稳定性好的优点,而且改善了陶瓷刀具材料的综合力学性能、特别是高温力学性能.     

纳米陶瓷微米高温合金复合涂层组织与性能

采用溶胶-凝胶化学包覆法制备纳米陶瓷微米高温合金复合粉末,用HVOF喷涂技术制备了复合涂层,采用SEM观察和摩擦磨损实验分析了复合粉末和复合涂层的组织和性能.研究表明:复合粉末是以纳米陶瓷为外壳包覆微米级高温合金颗粒核心的核壳式结构;陶瓷壳在喷涂过程中形成液相与高温合金液相熔合,烧结成致密陶瓷相,部分陶瓷在冷却过程中析出结晶体;复合涂层与基体的结合强度为59.2 MPa,摩擦系数为0.766,磨损率比纯高温合金涂层降低了32%.     

以Al-B-C为烧结助剂的SiC陶瓷热压烧结工艺

以SiC超细粉末为原料,Al粉、B粉和碳黑为烧结助剂,采用热压烧结工艺制备了SiC陶瓷,重点研究了烧结助剂含量(4～13 wt％)对SiC陶瓷物相组成、致密度、断面结构及力学性能的影响.除SiC主晶相外,X射线衍射图还显示了Al8B4C7相的存在;当烧结助剂的含量从4 wt％增至13 wt％时,扫描电镜照片显示陶瓷断面形貌从疏松结构变成致密结构,存在晶粒拔出现象;陶瓷力学性能随着烧结助剂含量的增加先升高后降低.当烧结助剂含量为10 wt％时,SiC陶瓷的力学性能达到最高,抗弯强度为518.1 MPa,断裂韧性为4.98 MPa·m1/2.Al、B和C烧结助剂在1850℃烧结温度下形成的Al8B4C7液相促进晶粒间的重排和传质,并填充晶粒间的气孔,提高了陶瓷致密度.     

TiN-Al2O3纳米复合材料的力学性能和导电性能

以纳米TiN和α-Al2O3粉体为原料,采用球磨混合法制备了纳米TiN-Al2O3复合粉体,通过热压烧结得到致密烧结体.研究了纳米TiN颗粒对Al2O3材料力学性能和导电性能的影响,实验结果表明:在Al2O3基体中加入15vol％TiN纳米颗粒时,Al2O3材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别从370MPa和3.4MPa·m1/2提高到690MPa和5.1MPa·m1/2,随着TiN添加量的增加,复合材料的电阻率逐渐降低,在25vol％TiN时达到最低值(6.5×10-3Ω·cm).     

常压烧结制备亚微米晶Al2O3陶瓷及其力学性能研究

以高纯α-Al2O3粉体为原料,MgO-Y2O3为烧结助剂,采用常压烧结法制备亚微米晶Al2O3陶瓷。研究了烧结温度、烧结助剂对Al2O3陶瓷的致密化过程、显微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加一定量的复合助剂MgO-Y2O3可起到促进Al2O3陶瓷致密化,细化显微结构,并改善其力学性能的作用。经1450℃常压烧结1h可获得相对密度达99.6%、平均晶粒尺寸约0.71μm的亚微米晶Al2O3陶瓷,其维氏硬度和断裂韧性分别为18.5GPa和4.6 MPa·m1/2。     

常压烧结制备亚微米晶Al2O3陶瓷及其力学性能研究

以高纯α-Al2O3粉体为原料,MgO-Y2O3为烧结助剂,采用常压烧结法制备亚微米晶Al2O3陶瓷。研究了烧结温度、烧结助剂对Al2O3陶瓷的致密化过程、显微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明:添加一定量的复合助剂MgO-Y2O3可起到促进Al2O3陶瓷致密化,细化显微结构,并改善其力学性能的作用。经1450℃常压烧结1h可获得相对密度达99.6%、平均晶粒尺寸约0.71μm的亚微米晶Al2O3陶瓷,其维氏硬度和断裂韧性分别为18.5GPa和4.6 MPa·m1/2。     

TiN-Al2O3纳米复合材料的力学性能和导电性能

以纳米TiN和α-Al₂O₃粉体为原料,采用球磨混合法制备了纳米TiN-Al₂O₃复合粉体,通过热压烧结得到致密烧结体.研究了纳米TiN颗粒对Al₂O₃材料力学性能和导电性能的影响,实验结果表明:在Al₂O₃基体中加入15vol％TiN纳米颗粒时,Al₂O₃材料的弯曲强度和断裂韧性分别从370MPa和3.4MPa·m^1/2提高到690MPa和5.1MPa·m^1/2,随着TiN添加量的增加,复合材料的电阻率逐渐降低,在25vol％TiN时达到最低值(6.5×10^-3Ω·cm).     

8YSZ陶瓷成型与烧结工艺的优化

为了改善8YSZ陶瓷的力学性能,以8YSZ双粒度粉体为研究对象,对其进行干压成型、无压烧结实验。对成型压力、保压时间及黏结剂用量等成型工艺参数进行了优化;利用正交实验对烧结方案进行了设计,讨论了烧结温度、升温速率、保温时间、烧结方式等烧结工艺参数对8YSZ陶瓷烧结性能和力学性能的影响,并优化出其烧结工艺参数。结果表明:选取PVA加入量10%(质量分数)、成型压力10MPa、保压时间30s的成型工艺参数,可压制出相对密度为54.9%的陶瓷坯体;选取烧结温度1500℃,保温时间4h,升温速率5℃/min,烧结方式裸烧的烧结工艺参数,可制备出相对密度为98.3%,抗弯强度为100.3MPa的8YSZ陶瓷。     

Insertion of triangulated surfaces into a meccano tetrahedral discretization by means of mesh refinement and optimization procedures

In this paper, we present a new method for inserting several triangulated surfaces into an existing tetrahedral mesh generated by the meccano method. The result is a conformal mesh where each inserted surface is approximated by a set of faces of the final tetrahedral mesh. First, the tetrahedral mesh is refined around the inserted surfaces to capture their geometric features. Second, each immersed surface is approximated by a set of faces from the tetrahedral mesh. Third, following a novel approach, the nodes of the approximated surfaces are mapped to the corresponding immersed surface. Fourth, we untangle and smooth the mesh by optimizing a regularized shape distortion measure for tetrahedral elements in which we move all the nodes of the mesh, restricting the movement of the edge and surface nodes along the corresponding entity they belong to. The refining process allows approximating the immersed surface for any initial meccano tetrahedral mesh. Moreover, the proposed projection method avoids computational expensive geometric projections. Finally, the applied simultaneous untangling and smoothing process delivers a high‐quality mesh and ensures that the immersed surfaces are interpolated. Several examples are presented to assess the properties of the proposed method.     

Certification Institutions Expected to Update and Transfer Information on Present Standards

Standards are the basis for production enterprises to organize production, ex-factory inspection, trade (delivery) and technical exchanges, product certification, quality arbitration and supervision.……     

Flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases

A flow calorimeter for enthalpy increment measurements on condensed gases is presented. A better knowledge of the properties of the liquefied natural gas is needed, and therefore a liquid loop has been designed for our flow calorimeter. The fluid loop in the calorimeter is designed in order to avoid the two-phase region, since two phases would give compositional disturbances in the measurements. The avoidance of the two-phase region is made possible by increasing the pressure of the test fluid after the measurement section, then heating the fluid at super-critical pressure past the critical point. Finally, the fluid is throttled to the low-pressure gas state at the inlet condition of the compressor that circulates the fluid. To perform the pressure increase, a new cryogenic pump has been designed. To evaluate the new equipment, measurements were taken on liquid ethane over the temperature range 146–256 K at pressure between 0.9 and 5.1 MPa.     

Refrigerators Enter a New Era of Health Preservation Frestech initiates the establishment of China's first standard for household sterilization refrigerators

On November 30, 2007, the China Association for Standardization (CAS) held a press conference at Beijing Diaoyutai State Guest House. Leaders from the China Household Electric Appliance Research Institute, the China Household Electric Appliance Association, and the China Consumers' Association attended and made speeches.……     

Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen

Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.     

A study of centrifugal cast high boron high speed steel

In the present study a high‐boron high speed steel (HSS) roll material was designed. Many expensive alloy elements have been substituted by cheap boron alloy, and high‐boron high speed steel roll has been manufactured by centrifugal casting method. The microstructures, mechanical properties and wear resistance of centrifugal casting high‐boron high speed steel roll have been investigated by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, hardness test, impact test and wear test. The results indicated that the solidification microstructures of high‐boron high speed steel roll consisted of M₂(B,C), (W,Mo)₂(B,C), M₃(B,C), M₂₃(B,C)₆ type borocarbides and martensite, a small amount of retained austenite. Borocarbides were continuously distributed over the grain boundary. After quenching from 1050 °C, local broken network appeared in partial borocarbides, and fine secondary borocarbide precipitated from the matrix. After tempering from 525 °C, the amount of precipitated borocarbide increased significantly. After heat treatment, the hardness of high‐boron high speed steel roll excelled 60 HRC, and its impact toughness excelled 8.0 J/cm². The single groove steel rolling amount of high‐boron high speed steel rolls increases by 500% than that of bainite cast iron roll, when the rolls are used in K₁ mill housing of bar mill.     

Thixotropy of Systems with Shear Thinning and Plastic Flow Behavior

The definition of the thixotropy is a decrease in viscosity with time in shear and a subsequent recovery of viscosity after the shear deformation is removed.We ...     

Brainstorming for ISO Strategy 2016-2020

正Responding to ISO’s appeal for survey for the to-be-developed ISO Strategy Plan for 2016-2020,SAC hosted a special workshop over the needs and comments of various fi elds on June 8 in Beijing.The workshop was attended by ISO President-elect and Ansteel General Manager Zhang Xiaogang,SAC Vice-Administrator Yu Xinli,and 30 experts from     

CNAS Passes APLAC's PTP Review

正The review group of Asia Pacific Laboratory Accreditation Cooperation(APLAC)carried out a 4-day peer review of the proficiency testing provider(PTP)for China National Accreditation Service for Conformity Assessment(CNAS)from July 28 to 31,2014.CNAS passed the PTP review with excellent performance.Two senior peer reviewers of APLAC made a comprehensive,rigorous and detailed review of CNAS’s PTP accreditation activities,and made the on-spot inspection of the review groups in Shanghai and Shenzhen respectively.