高效液相色谱技术(HPLC)在食品营养及安全性分析中的应用

综述了高效液相色谱技术在分析食品中营养成分和食品安全性等方面的应用。     

天然食用色素的提取、纯化及应用

就天然食用色素的提取、纯化方法及应用进展进行介绍。     

EFFECTIVENESS OF THE ELECTROENDOSMOTIC PREPARATIVE ELECTROPHORESIS FOR THE PURIFICATION OF ALL PROTEINS AND POLYPEPTIDES FROM BEER

Ammonium sulphate precipitated beer proteins and polypeptides were fractionated by electroendosmotic preparative electrophoresis in the presence of sodium dodecyl sulphate. This one-step procedure allowed the contemporary purification of all beer proteins and polypeptides with molecular masses ranging from 6 up to 45 kDa. The obtained resolution was higher than that of any other technique, including analytical electrophoresis, since protein bands with minimal differences in molecular mass were collected pure in separated fractions. This procedure allows the recovery of purified beer components with minimal work, accordingly it can be considered a very useful tool for the preparation of fractions to be characterized and/or used for antibodies production.     

PURIFICATION OF CELLULASE FROM FUSARIUM MONILIFORME AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE PRODUCTION OF RED BEAN STARCH PRECIPITATE

To investigate the effect of cellulase on increase of recovery of red bean starch precipitate, cellulases from Fusarium moniliforme were purified and applied to the production of red bean starch precipitate. Oneã-glucosidase, two filter paper degradation enzymes (FPase), one endo-ã-glucanase (endo-Cx) and one exo-ã-glucanase (exo-Cx) were purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, gel filtration and ion-exchange chromatography. Optimum temperature and time of submersion of red beans for reduction of hardness was 50°C and 2 h. Maximum sedimentation rate of starch was obtained when the red bean was incubated in a mixture of 0.004 units/mL of FPase and 0.3 units/mL of CMCase, and maximum recovery of red bean starch precipitate was obtained with 0.004 units/mL of FPase and 0.2 units/mL of CMCase. Enzyme treatment reduced suspended solids about 40% in waste water compared with control. A little hydrolysis in cell wall, intercellular space and interstarch granular space was observed.     

乳糖酶提取与纯化的研究

用甲苯将培养所得的脆壁酵母菌体破碎,经丙酮处理,即得乳糖酶粗制品。产量230mg/1000ml发酵液,活力30,000 ONPG单位/mg酶干重,与美国印第安纳州埃尔哈特公司(ELKhart)曼尔斯(Miles)实验室生产的米曲霉乳糖酶(TAKAMINE BRAND FUNGALLACTASE 30,000)比较。对乳糖的水解率,差异不显著(P>0.05)。本制品适于实验室大量生产。酶粗制品经进一步盐析、透析和凝胶过滤,得到纯制品,产量 80mg/1000ml发酵液,活力55000 ONPG单位/mg酶干重,可作为生化制剂应用于生化分析中。     

超氧化物歧化酶的提取和纯化技术研究进展

超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)有重要的歧化作用,被广泛地应用于食品,日用化学品等领域.随着人们对SOD需求量的增高,对SOD提取和纯化生产工艺提出了更高的要求.综述了国内外提取和纯化SOD技术的研究进展,总结了提取和纯化SOD存在的问题及SOD生产前景.     

改性聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶的合成及应用

研究建筑工业用聚乙烯醇缩甲醛胶粘剂的合成方法,并利用尿素改性,除去游离甲醛,使产品不再有不良气味;继而通过在胶粘剂中加入吸水性强的4A沸石,制备出建筑物用防潮涂料。     

GENERATION AND APPLICATION OF IMMUNOLOGICAL PROBES FOR THE STUDY OF MEMBRANE-BOUND PROTEINS AND ENZYMES—A REVIEW

Immunological techniques are widely used for the detection of enzymes in food systems and for elucidating protein structure and function. The generation of anti-bodies recognizing membrane-bound proteins is difficult due to their hydrophobic nature, and reduced antigenicity. This review summarizes strategies for the production and purification of polyclonal antibodies recognizing membrane proteins. Applications such as enzyme immunoprecipitation, use of site-specific anti-peptide. antibodies for determination of the topology of membrane-embedded proteins, immunocytochemistry, and expression vector cloning are described.     

食用香精在食品工业生产中的应用

通过对食用香精的系统介绍以及其在糖果，饮料，调味料，乳制品和烘焙制品等食品工业中的作用，阐述了作为食品添加剂的食用香精的重要性。     

设备诊断系统的建立及应用

介绍了一套设备诊断系统的基本构成，通过实例证明了系统的可行性；展示了实施设备状态监测和故障诊断这种先进设备管理维修方式良好的发展前景．     

螺旋藻的研究现状与应用

螺旋藻是地球上现存最古老的物种之一，富含各种营养物质和生物活性物质，具有广阔的应用前景。本文就螺旋藻的生物学特性和化学组成及其在食品、医药、畜牧、化妆品及环境保护等行业中的研究现状与应用予以综合介绍。     

大孔树脂AB-8对苹果多酚的分离纯化

以嘎拉苹果中总多酚的含量为考察指标,研究AB-8型树脂分离纯化苹果多酚的工艺.通过对纯化影响因素的研究,确定乙醇沉降为苹果多酚粗提物的最佳除杂方法,AB-8型树脂纯化苹果多酚的最佳工艺条件.其中树脂纯化工艺:1.5g/L浓度的苹果多酚溶液以1 ml/min的速度进样,待吸附饱和后,先用蒸馏水洗脱,再用60%丙酮洗脱,洗脱速度为0.5mL/min,可得到纯度为79.5%的苹果多酚纯化物.结果表明,AB-8型树脂可有效提高苹果多酚的纯度.     

红薯直链淀粉的分离纯化和检测

以红薯淀粉为原料，在糊化和未糊化条件下采用碱液分散法对原淀粉进行分级，对提纯后的直链淀粉样品进行了分析；采用除去蛋白质和脂类的原淀粉进行浸提，可以大大提高产物的纯度，产品的纯度用其碘络合物的紫外可见光扫描图谱进行了证实。同时测得红薯直链淀粉含量16．12％。     

数据库与WPS排版系统的接口及应用

通过对ＷＰＳ排版系统中文件结构的打印控制代码分析，将ＷＰＳ优美的打印结果与数据库强大的数据处理功能相结合，实现了数据的可塑性，从而提高工作质量和效率．     

PURIFICATION AND PROPERTIES OF THE MAJOR ANTIGENIC BEER PROTEIN OF BARLEY ORIGIN

The major antigenic beer macromolecule, Antigen 1, has been isolated from commercial lager beer by succesive use of ultrafiltration, alcohol precipitation, anion exchange, cation exchange and gel filtration chromatography. Amino acid analyses showed a composition identical with that of a major barley albumin, Protein Z, except for a 16% lower content of lysine. Like Protein Z, Antigen 1 showed a molecular weight (MW) near 40,000 in gel filtration and SDS-gel electrophoresis. Unlike Protein Z, Antigen 1 contained 2·5% carbohydrate and was more acidic. When properly standardised, the amount of Antigen 1 in beer could be determined immunoelectrophoretically. Contents ranged from 22 mg/litre in a pale ale (7·7°P; 36% brewers adjunct) to 170mg/litre in a stout (18·8°P). The results suggest that Antigen 1 may account for more than 10% of the total non-dialysable proteinaceous material in beer, and that about 25% of the Protein Z present in the brewing materials may be recovered with an almost unmodified protein structure as Antigen 1 of beer. Apparently, Antigen 1 was not affected by stabilisation of the beer with insoluble PVP or with papaya proteinases.     

原子吸收光谱法在婴幼儿食品检测中的应用

对应用原子吸收光谱法分析婴幼儿食品中某些金属元素的应用范围、样品的制备方法进行了较详细的阐述,并列举了一些金属元素测定方法的实例。     

半叶马尾藻中岩藻聚糖硫酸酯的提取纯化及抗氧化研究

从半叶马尾藻中提取得到的岩藻聚糖硫酸酯（SPF）,采用十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）沉淀法纯化得SPF1,然后经DEAEC-52柱层析得F1和F2两个级分。化学组成分析表明,这4个级分均含有岩藻糖、硫酸基、糖醛酸以及少量的蛋白质。采用比色法研究岩藻聚糖硫酸酯清除羟基自由基（·OH）及超氧阴离子自由基（O2^-·）的作用,结果显示,4种岩藻聚糖硫酸酯级分均有清除活性氧自由基的能力,并且随着纯度的提高其抗氧化能力越强。