轴心受压开口薄壁构件弹塑性屈曲荷载的统一计算方法

通过分析构件截面上应变与轴向力间的关系，以构件轴向应变为基本参数，提出了轴心受压开口薄壁构件的弹塑性屈曲荷载统一计算方法，给出了轴压构件的弯曲屈曲、扭转屈曲、弯扭屈曲等屈曲荷载的弦截法迭代格式，可应用于H形、T形、L形、十形截面等不同开口形式的轴压构件屈曲荷载计算，并可考虑具有残余应力的弹塑性本构关系。该方法以无残余应力的弹性屈曲荷载对应的轴向应变作为初始值，根据不同屈曲形式对应的非线性方程计算弦截区间点的函数值，进行弦截法迭代计算，得到弹塑性构件的临界轴向应变，进而获得屈曲荷载等信息。该方法采用的弦截法收敛速度快、计算量小、无需嵌套循环，可有效解决两端铰接轴心受压开口薄壁构件的弹塑性屈曲快速计算问题，便于工程应用。     

ANSYS中Beam189单元的局限性初探

以T形截面钢压杆为对象,分别选用ANSYS中的Beam189单元和Shell63单元(壳单元)建立有限元模型进行特征值屈曲分析,将二者的计算结果与传统理论中的解析方法的计算结果进行对比后指出:Beam189单元不能考虑薄壁构件因截面的不对称性引起的Wagner效应,建议不要选用它建立模型对薄壁截面构件进行非线性分析。     

单层网壳静力稳定性研究

以K6型单层球面网壳为研究对象,基于非线性有限元理论,研究考虑结构初始几何缺陷、材料非线性以及几何非线性对该网壳结构静力整体稳定性的影响,论述了两类稳定性问题,线性屈曲分析计算得到临界荷载以及屈曲模态,非线性屈曲分析方法为弧长法,分析得到网壳结构的荷载-位移全过程曲线,具有工程实际意义。     

压杆稳定的特征值法与非线性法的适用性评价

为了评价特征值屈曲分析和非线性屈曲分析求解压杆屈曲荷载的适用性。以不同柔度的实心受压圆杆为例,分别采用ANSYS中的特征值屈曲分析和非线性屈曲分析求解压杆的屈曲荷载,并与现行GB 50017—2013《钢结构设计规范》计算结果进行对比。结果表明:对大柔度压杆,特征值分析法与规范计算结果相一致;对中小柔度压杆,特征值屈曲分析法与规范计算结果相差较大;对各种柔度的压杆,规范计算结果和非线性有限元分析结果相一致。基于有限元法的特征值屈曲分析只能用于求解大柔度压杆的屈曲问题,非线性有限元法可用于求解各种柔度压杆的屈曲问题,与规范方法相比有限元法能解决两端复杂约束杆件、变截面压杆和由单杆组成复杂结构的屈曲分析问题。     

十形闭口截面轴压钢柱稳定性分析

根据乌曼斯基薄壁杆件理论推导出十形闭口截面钢柱压弯状态下的临界屈曲方程,利用ANSYS有限元软件分析其在轴压下的曲荷载特征值,并研究材料非线性、几何非线性和残余应力单独以及共同对该类截面钢柱整体稳定性的影响。最后得到十形闭口截面钢柱的稳定系数,确定其失稳截面类型。     

工字型卷边冷弯薄壁梁的屈曲性能试验研究

开口截面的冷弯薄壁钢梁在工业建筑中被广泛应用。这类梁截面的形状使得它们很容易产生局部屈曲。归纳了对卷边工字型梁进行试验的研究结果。梁上作用荷载有弯矩和集中力。此外,还将试验中获得的临界荷载数值与有限元分析和其他理论分析中得到的数据进行了对比。     

开口薄壁截面悬臂压杆的稳定问题研究

根据能量泛函变分原理,推导开口薄壁杆件在杆端压力P和沿杆轴向均匀分布压力q共同作用下的控制方程,并采用伽辽金法求解,研究开口薄壁截面悬臂压杆的稳定问题,计算荷载P和ql不同比例情况下的临界荷载和P-ql临界荷载包络线。     

卷边槽钢开孔轴压构件弹性屈曲荷载

采用理论和有限元方法分析腹板开孔冷弯薄壁型钢截面轴压构件弹性整体弯曲失稳、弹性畸变屈曲以及弹性局部屈曲的受力性能以及屈曲荷载。在理论分析的基础上提出了计算腹板开孔卷边槽形截面构件弹性整体弯曲失稳、弹性畸变屈曲以及弹性局部屈曲荷载的近似简化方法,简化方法计算结果与有限元分析结果对比表现出较高的精度,表明建议弹性屈曲荷载计算方法可用于开孔构件整体稳定承载力以及屈曲稳定系数的计算,能够代替复杂的有限元方法进行开孔构件弹性屈曲荷载的简化计算,易于用于工程设计。     

一种基于有限元的薄壁杆件畸变屈曲分析方法

提出一种不需要假设屈曲模态变形纵向分布的薄壁构件畸变屈曲分析方法。该方法通过在ANSYS中施加约束,限定薄壁构件的屈曲模式,使之符合畸变变形特征,从而实现基于有限元的纯模态线性畸变屈曲分析。对有限元模型的约束在每个截面独立施加,且纵横向变形约束相互无关,其中纵向变形约束用以区分畸变变形和整体弯扭变形;横向变形约束用以区分畸变变形和局部变形。以轴压开口薄壁构件为例,对该方法的准确性做了对比分析,并讨论薄壁中面横向正应变对构件屈曲临界力的影响。     

基于ANSYS的钢结构平面外稳定分析

采用ANSYS中非线性屈曲分析、线性屈曲分析(特征值屈曲分析)两种方法来确定结构的临界荷载和结构发生屈曲响应时的特征形状。对ANSYS得到的临界荷载与理论公式的临界荷载进行比较。用ANSYS非线性屈曲分析程序计算压弯构件的临界荷载。然后利用ANSYS有限元程序和GB 50017-2003《钢结构设计规范》对单跨对称门式刚架进行平面外稳定分析。     

Nonlinear analysis of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns with local buckling effects

Local buckling of steel plates reduces the ultimate loads of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns under axial compression. The effects of local buckling have not been considered in advanced analysis methods that lead to the overestimates of the ultimate loads of composite columns and frames. This paper presents a nonlinear fiber element analysis method for predicting the ultimate strengths and behavior of short concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns with local buckling effects. The fiber element method considers nonlinear constitutive models for confined concrete and structural steel. Effective width formulas for steel plates with geometric imperfections and residual stresses are incorporated in the fiber element analysis program to account for local buckling effects. The progressive local and post-local buckling is simulated by gradually redistributing the normal stresses within the steel plates. Two performance indices are proposed for evaluating the section and ductility performance of concrete-filled steel box columns. The computational technique developed is used to investigate the effects of the width-to-thickness ratios and concrete compressive strengths on the ultimate strength and ductility of concrete-filled steel box columns. It is demonstrated that the nonlinear fiber element method developed predicts well the ultimate loads and behavior of concrete-filled thin-walled steel box columns and can be implemented in advanced analysis programs for the nonlinear analysis of composite frames.     

Local–global mode interaction in stringer-stiffened plates

A recently developed nonlinear analytical model for axially loaded thin-walled stringer-stiffened plates based on variational principles is extended to include local buckling of the main plate. Interaction between the weakly stable global buckling mode and the strongly stable local buckling mode is highlighted. Highly unstable post-buckling behaviour and a progressively changing wavelength in the local buckling mode profile are observed under increasing compressive deformation. The analytical model is compared against both physical experiments from the literature and finite element analysis conducted in the commercial code Abaqus; excellent agreement is found both in terms of the mechanical response and the predicted deflections.     

Local buckling of steel plates in concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular beam-columns

The availability of high strength steels and concrete leads to the use of thin steel plates in concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns. However, the use of thin steel plates in composite beam-columns gives a rise to local buckling that would appreciably reduce the strength and ductility performance of the members. This paper studies the critical local and post-local buckling behavior of steel plates in concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular beam-columns by using the finite element analysis method. Geometric and material nonlinear analyses are performed to investigate the critical local and post-local buckling strengths of steel plates under compression and in-plane bending. Initial geometric imperfections and residual stresses presented in steel plates, material yielding and strain hardening are taken into account in the nonlinear analysis. Based on the results obtained from the nonlinear finite element analyses, a set of design formulas are proposed for determining the critical local buckling and ultimate strengths of steel plates in concrete-filled steel tubular beam-columns. In addition, effective width formulas are developed for the ultimate strength design of clamped steel plates under non-uniform compression. The accuracy of the proposed design formulas is established by comparisons with available solutions. The proposed design formulas can be used directly in the design of composite beam-columns and adopted in the advanced analysis of concrete-filled thin-walled steel tubular beam-columns to account for local buckling effects.     

Lateral buckling of web-tapered I-beams: A new theory

This paper presents a new theory for the lateral buckling of web-tapered I-beams. Linear analysis is first conducted by taking account into the tapering effects of web-tapered I-beams, where the deformation compatibilities of the two flanges and web are considered in terms of the basic assumptions of thin-walled members. Subsequently, the total potential for the lateral buckling analysis of web-tapered I-beams is developed, based on the classical variational principle for buckling analysis. The lateral buckling loads of web-tapered cantilevers and simply supported beams of I-sections from the proposed theory are compared with those from the finite element (FE) analyses using two shell element models and two widely used beam element models. The two beam element models respectively represent the equivalent method using prismatic beam elements and the typical tapered beam theory in existing literature. These comparisons show that the results based on the total potential proposed in this paper are more accurate in predicting the lateral buckling loads of web-tapered I-beams than those in existing theories, indicating that the theory proposed in this paper is superior to existing theories. It is also found that the equivalent method using prismatic beam elements may yield unreliable buckling loads of tapered beams.     

Elastic flexural-torsional buckling of thin-walled cantilevers

Previous studies by the authors revealed that the two representative theories with slight differences between, widely used in investigating the flexural-torsional buckling of thin-walled beams, have led to two different solutions in well-known literature for assessing critical loads of simply supported beams of monosymmetric cross section. With these two solutions, significant differences in critical loads may be found for these monosymmetric beams. Based on the classical variational principle for buckling analyses, a new theory on the flexural-torsional buckling of thin-walled members was proposed by the authors. In this paper, this new theory as well as the other two typical theories is employed to investigate the flexural-torsional buckling of cantilevers.This paper first gives a brief review and a careful comparative study on the flexural-torsional buckling of thin-walled cantilevers employing three different buckling theories. Differences between these theories are demonstrated with investigations on buckling of cantilevers under pure bending and two typical transverse loads. Explicit solutions, capable of considering variations of beam length and loading position along the vertical axis of cross section, are presented for predicting the critical loads of doubly symmetric cantilevers under two typical transverse loads. Advantages of presented solutions, such as good accuracy and ease of use, are exploited through the comparisons of critical results with those from existing solutions and finite element analyses.     

Lateral buckling analysis of thin-walled laminated composite beams with monosymmetric sections

Lateral buckling of thin-walled composite beams with monosymmetric sections is studied. A general geometrically nonlinear model for thin-walled laminated composites with arbitrary open cross-section and general laminate stacking sequences is given by using systematic variational formulation based on the classical lamination theory. All the stress resultants concerning bar and shell forces are defined, and nonlinear strain tensor is derived. General nonlinear governing equations are given, and the lateral buckling equations are derived by linearizing the nonlinear governing equations. Based on the analytical model, a displacement-based one-dimensional finite element model is developed to formulate the problem. Numerical examples are obtained for thin-walled composite beams with monosymmetric cross-sections and angle-ply laminates. The effects of fiber orientation, location of applied load, modulus ratio, and height-to-span ratio on the lateral buckling load are investigated. The torsion parameter and a newly-defined composite monosymmetry parameter are also investigated for various cases.     

剪切作用下冷弯槽钢的弹性屈曲

研究与腹板平行的纯剪切荷载作用下包含翼缘和卷边的整个槽钢截面的弹性屈曲,并给出了解决方案。采用样条有限条法(SFSM)对纯剪切作用下的薄壁槽钢进行弹性屈曲分析,以获得截面的弹性屈曲载荷(Vcr)。利用剪切屈曲载荷计算用于截面设计的腹板的剪切屈曲系数(KV)。主要变量为翼缘宽度、构件长度和卷边尺寸。边界条件为两端简支。根据分析结果绘制交互作用曲线,可作为设计指南,使得设计人员不用样条有限条法(SF-SM)软件也能够预测弹性屈曲剪切系数(KV)。给出了不同的翼缘宽度、构件长度和卷边尺寸下构件的典型屈曲模态。包括局部屈曲和翼缘屈曲,畸变屈曲和截面扭曲。     

基于广义梁理论的非线性材料薄壁受压构件屈曲荷载计算方法

提出适用于非线性材料的广义梁理论屈曲荷载计算方法,并对不锈钢薄壁受压构件屈曲荷载进行计算验证。通过定义材料非线性应力应变关系和瞬时弹性模量,对传统线弹性广义梁理论进行修正,建立非线性材料薄壁构件受压屈曲荷载计算方法,推导不锈钢薄板受压局部屈曲、冷弯薄壁不锈钢卷边槽形柱畸变屈曲及箱形不锈钢长柱弯曲屈曲荷载计算公式,并与既有试验数据对比。经验证,线弹性分析方法不适用于不锈钢材料;提出的修正GBT法具有较高精度,且本构关系采用变形法则结果偏于安全,可用于不锈钢等非线性金属材料薄壁构件受压屈曲荷载的确定,为研究和设计提供理论指导。     

Calculation of pure distortional elastic buckling loads of members subjected to compression via the finite element method

An analysis procedure is presented which allows to calculate pure distortional elastic buckling loads by means of the finite element method (FEM). The calculation is carried out using finite element models constrained according to uncoupled buckling deformation modes. The procedure consists of two steps: the first one is a generalised beam theory (GBT) analysis of the member cross-section, from which the constraints to apply to the finite element model are deduced; in the second step, a linear buckling analysis of the constrained FEM model is performed to determine the pure distortional loads. The proposed procedure is applied to thin-walled members with open cross-section, similar to those produced by cold-forming. The distortional loads obtained are rather accurate. They are in agreement with the loads given by GBT and the constrained finite strip method (cFSM).     

压弯钢构件在循环荷载作用下的非线性弯扭屈曲

本文根据非线性有限元的基本理论,采用基于修正的拉格朗日法描述的八节点超参数壳体单元,考虑几何非线性和材料非线性,结合混合强化本构关系,编制了非线性有限元计算程序。对压弯钢构件在循环荷载作用下的弹塑性弯扭屈曲进行计算机模拟,系统分析了H形截面压弯钢构件的滞回特性,以及翼缘宽厚比、腹板高厚比、构件轴压比和长细比对压弯钢构件弯扭屈曲的影响规律。通过对计算结果的比较,提出了强烈地震条件下,H形截面压弯钢构件在循环荷载作用下保持整体稳定,满足延性要求,具有较高屈曲后强度的长细比和板件宽厚比限值。