人民大会堂大礼堂空调气流组织现状的数值模拟分析与改进

利用计算流体动力学ＣＦＤ技术对人民大会堂大礼堂空调气流组织作了数值模拟分析，籍此提出改进的空调气流组成形式，并对其进一步进行模拟计算，从而确定出该高大空间空调气流组织的改进方案。同时也以此工程实例显示了ＣＦＤ技术应用于高大空间空调气流组织设计和分析的强大能力。     

济南某剧场通风空调系统设计

本文从空调负荷分析计算、空调机组选型计算、气流组织设计等几个方面详细介绍了山东省会文化中心三馆项目群艺馆剧场空调系统设计,然后利用CFD数值模拟方法,对剧场气流组织进行数值模拟。最后介绍了剧场排烟系统、通风系统、消声隔振系统设计。     

数值模拟在外延阶梯型中庭空调设计中的应用

本文采用CFD软件对外延阶梯型中庭室内热环境进行数值模拟,不仅预测和验证了热环境的舒适性,而且根据模拟结果得出该建筑的空调负荷。为该类中庭的建筑形式设计、室内舒适性和节能设计提供了参考依据。     

北京新建地铁通风空调系统模拟分析

本研究以北京新建地铁四号线第三标段隧道和车站为对象,借助SES软件,建立数学模型,对两种典型的通风空调系统方案正常工况运行进行数值模拟。分析得出产热量的分布规律;列车行车状况、活塞风井、不同形式车站及区间隧道通风空调系统对隧道内速度场、温度场及新风量的影响规律。研究同时对通风空调系统方案进行了初步的技术经济比较。本研究为分析地铁通风空调系统的空气流动与传热提供了参考,为新建地铁通风空调系统方案的选择、设计及科学地运行管理提供有价值的数据资料。     

北京新华印刷有限公司空调设计方案比选

本文结合工程案例介绍了常用空调系统的分类及适用范围，以节能减排为原则，通过经济技术比较，确定了最适合本项目的空调系统方案，对类似项目的空调系统设计具有很好的借鉴意义。     

大过冷度制冷—高温水蓄冷空调系统研究

阐述了大过冷度制冷-高温水蓄冷空调系统原理，对该新型蓄冷空调系统若干方案进行了选择，特别是对蓄冷水箱的掺混度进行了研究，建立了空调用蓄冷水箱内温度分层特性数理模型，模拟了蓄冷水箱内温度分布规律，并与实验值进行了比较，两基本吻合，该模型可为水蓄冷系统储水箱的设计和运行提供理论依据。     

运用CFD模拟工具优化某酒店宴会厅空调设计

通过运用CFD模拟工具,发现某酒店宴会厅原空调设计中存在的问题,从而修改了空调系统和风口布置,成功解决了原方案的不足。工程实际运行后与模拟结果一致,对以后相似的工程设计具有一定的指导意义。     

暖通空调设计中存在的问题及措施分析

近年来，随着暖通空调在项目的应用越来越广泛，从此引起业内人土的不断关注。在暖通空调工程中，设计方案的成败优劣对于工程实施能否成功有着重大的联系，随着科技的不断迅速发展，环保节能要求的逐渐提高，暖通空调设计中涌现出大量新的设计方案。设计人员面对这些方案必须进行比较选出优质方案，而在比较的过程中，往往会涉及到许多常规的问题。文章主要结合笔者的工作经验，着重分析了暖通空调设计中存在的主要问题，并提出了解决暖通空调设计问题的措施。     

东北地区空调冷热源方案的选择

本文介绍了空调冷热源方案，对各种方案给出了经济性分析，和实用性比较。     

高层建筑空调节能设计探析

高层建筑空调设计的参数选取、数据计算及方案确定，与一般建筑有明显差异。本文以多年的设计经验为基础，对高层建筑空调节能设计进行了分析和探讨。     

混凝土小型空心砌块墙体干缩性能的试验研究

混凝土小型空心砌块的湿胀干缩性能是引起砌块建筑裂缝的主要原因之一 ,它的危害已引起了人们的关注。设计了一个保湿空间 ,确保环境相对湿度的大致恒定 ,通过对尺寸相同、构造措施不同墙体的试验 ,分析了环境相对湿度 (RH)、时间、面层材料等影响因素对砌块墙体变形的影响 ,对比面层材料的抗变形效果 ,并测得 6 5 %、4 5 %两种湿度条件下墙体的干缩率 ,以供设计时参考使用。     

The effect of heat-pipe air-handling coil on energy consumption in central air-conditioning system

A study was carried out to investigate the effect of heat-pipe air-handling coil on energy consumption in a central air-conditioning system with return air. Taking an office building as an example, the study shows that compared with conventional central air-conditioning system with return air, the heat-pipe air-conditioning system can save cooling and reheating energy. In the usual range of 22–26 °C indoor design temperature and 50% relative humidity, the RES (rate of energy saving) in this office building investigated is 23.5–25.7% for cooling load and 38.1–40.9% for total energy consumption. The RES of the heat-pipe air-conditioning system increases with the increase of indoor design temperature and the decrease of indoor relative humidity. The influence of indoor relative humidity on RES is much greater than the influence of the indoor design temperature. The study indicates that a central air-conditioning system can significantly reduce its energy consumption and improve both the indoor thermal comfort and air quality when a heat-pipe air-handling coil is employed in the air-conditioning process.     

Development of the typical meteorological database for Chinese locations

The typical meteorological database for 57 Chinese locations was developed for building simulations and air-conditioning design. The database consists of three parts: the typical meteorological years (TMY), the typical meteorological days (TMD) and the design temperature and humidity (DTH). The typical meteorological year (TMY) is the main part of the database. Because there are not data on solar radiation in the observations, a method to estimate solar radiation with dry bulb temperature difference, relative humidity, total cloud cover and wind speed was developed. Methodologies of interpolations were developed to produce 1 h data with the 3 h data. The global solar radiation on the horizontal surface was separated into direct and diffuse components with the Gompertz function. The typical meteorological day (TMD) consists of the monthly average values of dry bulb temperature, solar radiation, relative humidity, etc. for each hour of the day. The design temperature and humidity (DTH) was developed for the purpose of air-conditioning design. The frequencies of 2.5% and 5.0% were selected to decide the design temperature and humidity for the 57 Chinese locations.     

室内空气计算参数对空调系统经济性的影响

讨论了室内空气计算参数变化对不同建筑的空调系统经济性的影响。分析结果表明，在大多数情况下，降低室内相对湿度，空调系统的能耗均可下降；无论在哪种情况下，降低室内相对湿度，空调系统的一次投资都明显减少，而且降低幅度明显大于能耗的变化。同时，室内相对湿度的降低可以明显提高人体舒适感和室内空气品质。     

On coupling 1D non-isothermal heat and mass transfer in porous materials with a multizone building energy simulation model

Hygroscopic materials available in the interior of buildings such as wood, gypsum, paper etc, are able to absorb moisture if the relative humidity of the room increases and release it again if the relative humidity decreases. This moisture buffering phenomenon is often accounted for in a simplified way in Building Energy Simulation programs (BES) e.g. TRNSYS, which limits their applicability. Nevertheless several building applications require an accurate prediction of the indoor relative humidity already from the design stage.     

室内温、湿度对人体热舒适和空调能耗影响的研究

以采用一次回风集中空调系统的办公建筑为例,就室内温、湿度设计参数对空调房间热舒适环境和空调系统能耗的影响进行了分析。研究结果表明,在同样的室内人体热舒适环境(等效温度)的条件下,随着室内温度的增加,一次回风系统的需冷量和总的耗能量是增加的。因此,夏季提高空调室内温度是不节能的。在相同热舒适(等效温度)条件下,要减少空调系统的冷负荷,室内设计温、湿度参数在推荐的热舒适区范围内,宜采用较大的室内相对湿度和较低的室内干球温度的组合,或采用较高的等效温度。     

冻融循环过程中混凝土内部温度-相对湿度关系

研究了不同配合比混凝土试件在经历不同冻融循环次数时的内部温度-相对湿度关系,并将这一关系划分为4个阶段,即降温增湿段、降温降湿段、增温增湿段和增温降湿段.在降温增湿段,混凝土内部相对湿度随温度降低而增大,当相对湿度出现转折表现为降低趋势时,表明混凝土内部开始结冰,温度-相对湿度关系进入降温降湿段;在增温增湿段,混凝土内部相对湿度随温度升高而增大,当相对湿度出现转折表现为降低趋势时,表明混凝土内部的冰晶开始融化,温度-相对湿度关系进入增温降湿段.当混凝土水灰比相同时,试件内部相对湿度随着深度增大而增大;当深度相同时,试件内部相对湿度随着水灰比的减小而降低,且结冰温度和融化温度呈现减小的趋势.低水灰比混凝土内部较低的相对湿度可能会导致更大的自收缩和较小的冻胀作用力.     

The effect of air-conditioning parameters and deposition dust on microbial growth in supply air ducts

To investigate the effect of air-conditioning parameters (including temperature, relative humidity and air velocity) and deposition dust on microbial growth in supply air duct, a complete test facility according to ASHRAE Standard 62.1-2007 was constructed. A series of experiments for testing microbial concentration (including bacteria and fungus) were conducted under different working conditions (such as different temperatures and relative humidity). The air velocity was constantly kept at 2.0 m/s. Orthogonal design was employed for the analysis of test data. The results indicated that air velocity attenuation down the direction of the supply air affected dust distribution at the bottom of duct, to some extent, and the number of microorganisms was positively correlated with the quantity of dust. In the range of temperature 22-32 °C and relative humidity (RH) 40-90%, microbial growth significantly accelerated with higher temperature and RH increasing. The organic compounds composing the dust also had great impact on microbial growth. The basic researches are contributed to control the growth of microorganism and improve the indoor microenvironment in the air-conditioning room.     

应用于兰州的直接蒸发冷却空调性能测试分析

本文测试了兰州市内一台金属填料直接蒸发冷却器,获得了干湿球温度、相对湿度、冷却效率、阻力等技术参数。分析了进口处空气干球温度和相对湿度对蒸发冷却效率的影响,发现被测试的机组蒸发冷却效率较低,蒸发冷却段阻力较大,因此,需要改善设计。由于兰州属于干燥地区,因此通过优化设计,蒸发冷却效率有提升的空间。     

某玻璃合片室常温低湿净化空调系统的节能设计

系统地介绍了深圳新宏达安全玻璃有限公司夹层玻璃生产线合片室常温低湿净化空调系统的工程设计和使用效果，并对常温低湿净化空调系统的各种设计方案进行了投资比较和节能分析。