RH精炼真空度对超低碳钢夹杂物去除的影响

 大尺寸非金属夹杂物是引起超低碳钢冷轧钢板表面线状缺陷的重要原因。以IF钢为例,铸坯中大尺寸夹杂物主要有3类,即结晶器保护渣卷入后被凝固坯壳捕获;连铸过程中钢水二次氧化产生且未上浮去除的;钢液中未充分去除的夹杂物在浸入式水口处粘连、堵塞,后续堵塞物脱落被凝固坯壳捕获。钢液一次脱氧生成的夹杂物中,不低于100 μm的夹杂物在RH处理过程中较容易去除,100 μm以下的夹杂物受钢液的流动影响较大,特别是不超过20 μm的夹杂物由于其上浮时间长、钢液流动的跟随性好,去除难度较大。RH是超低碳钢最重要的精炼设备,也是夹杂物去除的关键环节,研究RH去除20 μm夹杂物的新技术具有重要的意义。研究了RH脱碳结束加铝后真空度对夹杂物去除的影响,创新性提出了低真空度去除不超过20 μm夹杂物的新技术。研究结果表明,与高真空度处理工艺(常规工艺)相比,低真空度(压力5 kPa)处理的钢液中夹杂物数量降低更显著,中间包钢液总氧质量分数平均降低0.000 2%,钢液增氮水平相当。冷轧钢板因炼钢原因导致的线状缺陷降级率比常规工艺降低了29%。夹杂物在钢液中的跟随性理论分析表明,低真空度处理工艺下RH内钢液循环流量和钢液流速减小,降低了RH处理过程中夹杂物随钢液的跟随性,提高了不超过20 μm夹杂物的去除效率,有效改善了水口堵塞程度、提高了轧板表面质量。     

超低碳钢钢中夹杂物的研究

为控制超低碳钢中的簇状夹杂物,对超低碳钢中的夹杂物和与全氧含量的关系进行了研究.钢中的夹杂物主要是Al2O3夹杂和Al2O3-TiN复合夹杂,独立夹杂物尺寸大部分小于10 μm.铸坯中w(TO)小于0.003 0%时,钢中仍存在簇状Al2O3夹杂;Al2O3簇状夹杂物与铸坯中全氧含量没有直接关系,所以钢中的全氧含量不能完全代表钢中夹杂物的水平.钢中的簇状Al2O3夹杂物与RH脱碳结束活度氧有关,要控制超低碳钢中簇状Al2O3夹杂物必须稳定生产工艺,减少RH加铝升温,使RH脱碳结束活度氧保持在一定范围.     

IF钢铸坯皮下夹杂物与钩状坯壳的特征分布

<正>超低碳IF钢(无间隙原子钢)主要用于汽车面板和白色家电板,因此对表面质量有着较高的要求。IF钢冷轧板主要的表面质量问题就是线性缺陷,而坯壳所捕获的保护渣夹杂物、簇群状氧化铝夹杂物、"气泡+Al_2O_3"夹杂是造成这种线性缺陷的主要因素。夹杂物容易在超低碳钢铸坯的近表层聚集,为了消除由此导致的表面缺陷,提高生产的稳定性,生产出高品质的冷轧薄板,需要对铸坯进行表面清理。     

304不锈钢中的夹杂物及其冷轧变形行为

非金属夹杂物是引起冷轧板坯表面缺陷的主要原因.分析了304不锈钢热轧板坯中非金属夹杂物的成分、形貌及尺寸.对304热轧板坯进行不同压下量的轧制,分析不同厚度冷轧板坯中的夹杂物形状和尺寸,研究非金属夹杂物在板坯冷轧过程中的变形行为.结果表明:304热轧板坯中的夹杂物主要组成为CaO-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3的复合氧化物,为脆性夹杂物;冷轧过程中,夹杂物的塑性变形不明显,随着冷轧压下量的增加,大颗粒的夹杂物不断被轧碎,板坯中夹杂物的平均尺寸逐渐减小.     

F钢铸坯皮下夹杂物与钩状坯壳的特征分布

<正>超低碳IF钢(无间隙原子钢)主要用于汽车面板和白色家电板,因此对表面质量有着较高的要求。IF钢冷轧板主要的表面质量问题就是线性缺陷,而坯壳所捕获的保护渣夹杂物、簇群状氧化铝夹杂物、"气泡+Al2O3"夹杂是造成这种线性缺陷的主要因素。夹杂物容易在超低碳钢铸坯的近表层聚集,为了消除由此导致的表面缺陷,提高生产的稳定性,生产出高品质的冷     

邯钢BOF-LF-CSP生产冷轧低碳钢的实践与研究

介绍了邯钢在BOF-LF-CSP生产冷轧用低碳钢时采取的相应攻关措施及生产工艺技术,在钢的化学成分、夹杂、组织性能及钢板表面质量等控制方面采取相应措施后,提高了成分命中率及热卷板的表面质量,降低了夹杂物总量,使CSP供冷轧用料的综合合格率提高到93%以上,满足了邯钢冷轧生产的要求.     

超低碳钢中最大夹杂物尺寸预测方法

介绍了超低碳钢连铸坯中最大夹杂物尺寸的预测方法——极值法(SEV),利用该方法预测了不同生产线超低碳钢连铸坯内部最大夹杂物的尺寸,并与生产实际中的铸坯情况进行了对比,结果证明,该方法有效。     

包装用热轧低碳带钢的开发

分析了包装用镀锡板表面缺陷形成的原因,并对冷轧基板——热轧低碳钢的化学成分﹑生产工艺路线进行了重新设计和制定。认为夹杂物的存在破坏了热轧带钢组织的连续性,在冷轧大变形条件下,产生裂纹并扩展形成表面缺陷。在生产过程中,不使用脱硫设备和精炼炉的情况下,通过精确控制终点温度和确保一次倒炉出钢、炉后吹氩气等措施使有害元素、夹杂物得到了有效控制。同时通过优化轧制过程工艺参数,产品的表面质量和力学性能均达到了设计指标,成功开发了包装用热轧低碳带钢。     

连铸坯非金属夹杂物产生及工艺控制

针对新天钢联合特钢冷轧用高品质带钢重皮质量缺陷的原因,对钢中非金属夹杂物的来源进行系统研究和分析,并对转炉工序、精炼工序、连铸工序进行优化和改进,降低了钢中夹杂物的含量,尤其大型夹杂物数量,夹杂物级别由3.5级降低到1.0级,使钢水洁净度得到有效提高,解决了夹杂物含量高和铸坯表面缺陷造成的轧材缺陷问题。     

镍基耐蚀合金钢冷轧起皮缺陷分析及控制

分析研究镍基耐蚀合金冷轧表面起皮缺陷,发现变形能力较差的夹杂和少量保护渣是引起冷轧表面起皮缺陷的重要原因。对采用EAF-AOD-LF-CC工艺路线生产镍基耐蚀合金炼钢连铸过程夹杂物的成分组成和形貌、尺寸变化进行了分析,结果表明,镍基耐蚀合金主要形成呈不规则形状的铝复合夹杂物,其变形能力较差。随着LF精炼和连铸的进行,镍基耐蚀合金夹杂物的平均直径呈逐渐减小的趋势,气体含量呈下降趋势,连铸坯夹杂物的平均直径为18μm左右。采用复合脱氧工艺与延长弱搅拌时间,有利于改善镍基耐蚀合金冷轧缺陷,实施后改善效果显著。     

Inclusion and its deformation behavior in 304 stainless steel

Non-metallic inclusion is the main reason for the presence of surface defects in cold-rolled steel strip. In this study,the composition,morphology,and size of the non-metallic inclusion in hot-rolled 304 stainless steel strips are analyzed. Cold-rolled 304 stainless steel strips with different cold-rolling reduction have been prepared,and the morphology and size of inclusion in these cold-rolled strips are also analyzed. Furthermore,the deformation behavior of a non-metallic inclusion during the cold-rolling process is studied. The results showthat Ca O-SiO2-MgO-Al2O3,a kind of brittle compound oxide,is the main type of inclusion in hot-rolled 304 stainless steel strips.During the cold-rolling process,ductile deformation of this type of inclusion is not obvious,where large inclusions are crushed,and the average size of inclusions in cold-rolled strips decreased while the cold-rolling reduction increased.     

Surface Defects of Cold-Rolled Ti-IF Steel Sheets due to Non-Metallic Inclusions

Surface defects of the cold-rolled sheets of Ti-IF steel were studied and analyzed. After analyzing surface defects of cold-rolled sheets, such as shelling defects, holes and sliver defects by SEM/EDS, a variety of inclusions were found. In addition, the distribution of macro-inclusions in slabs was analyzed by MIDAS method. The results show the macroscopic inclusion bands of head slabs and normal slabs are in 1/8 slab thickness regions of both inner arc side and outer arc side. The formation process of the defects in the cold-rolled sheets was simulated with an experimental cold-rolling machine for comparison. The results show that there were three kinds of inclusions underneath the surface defects: Al2O3, SiO2 and particles from slag entrainment, which were the main reason for defect formation during cold rolling.     

冷轧低碳铝镇静钢表面裂纹分析

近几年冷轧带钢的质量异议绝大多数都是表面缺陷问题,冷轧带钢表面缺陷形态千变万化,产生原因错综复杂。炼钢、热轧、冷轧之间各工序都可直接或间接造成裂纹或类似裂纹缺陷的产生。本文对唐山建龙实业有限公司冷轧厂低碳铝镇静钢的裂纹缺陷进行了较为全面的分析。笔者认为各工序只有正确识别各种缺陷,加强对缺陷的检测和分析,找到问题的根源,采取相应的措施,才能改善产品质量。     

浅谈高碳钢线材轧后冷却工艺的优化

针对高碳钢线材82A和82B生产中出现的组织性能不稳定、改判率较高的情况,结合理论模型分析,通过降低吐丝温度、控制风冷线冷速并考虑环境温度的影响,优化了线材轧后冷却工艺,线材质量明显提高,一级品率由不足65%提高至接近95%,质量异议由8.9%降至1.2%。     

Inclusion characterisation – tool for measurement of steel cleanliness and process control: Part 1

Abstract

Owing to increasing demand for high surface and internal quality finished steel products, it is imperative to study the factors that limit the production of such steels. In particular, non-metallic inclusions affect steel cleanliness and cause defects leading to worsening of desired mechanical properties and service life of steel products. Other detrimental effects of inclusions are poor steel castability often resulting in slab downgrades and rejections, increased costs associated with recycling of liquid steel and refractories, and even shut down of the caster. Inclusion engineering is thus important to achieve process and quality control on a daily production basis. This article, in two parts, addresses inclusion characterisation as a tool for understanding and improving process conditions, minimising nozzle clogging and reducing sliver rejections in Ti stabilised ultra low carbon steels, Ca treated low carbon Al killed steels and advanced high strength steels. The paper begins with a survey of techniques followed by examples of use of techniques to resolve steelmaking and casting issues that affect quality of steel. Part I explains the use of an automated scanning electron microscope to correlate inclusion data with industrial process conditions. Examples include effect of different samplers, influence of ferroalloy quality and temperature control practices, ratio of elemental chemistries, ladle stirring etc. on quality of steel.     

CSP 流程低碳铝镇静钢铸坯碳覆夹杂物析出行为

在使用 CSP 工艺生产低碳或超低碳钢时,在铸坯中,特别是铸坯宽面的中心经常观察到相当数量的微米级碳覆夹杂物.通过对 CSP 流程不同的钢种铸坯取样,研究了这类夹杂物的结构特点和析出机制.指出碳覆夹杂物呈双层结构,外面包裹一层富碳层、中心为钙铝酸盐或含 CaO 的复合夹杂物.热力学计算结果显示这层富碳物质并非 CaC2.通过对比球墨铸铁中球状石墨的形成条件,指出 CSP 铸坯中存在冷却速度快、S 元素含量低、加钙处理后促球化元素 Ca、Mg 含量相对较高,有大量夹杂物作为形核核心等促进碳覆夹杂物析出的有利条件.C 为易偏析元素,在低碳或超低碳钢铸坯凝固过程中液芯中 C 含量的升高,能够析出球状的碳覆夹杂物.并指出由于碳覆夹杂物的析出,中心钢基体 C 含量降低,碳覆夹杂物析出能够减轻铸坯凝固过程中 C元素的偏析程度.     

Inclusion and Bubble in Steel—— A Review

The type, morphology and sources of inclusion in steels, including indigenous and exogenous inclusions, were discussed and reviewed. Indigenous inclusions are deoxidation products or inclusions precipitated during cooling and solidification of steel. Exogenous inclusions arise primarily from the incidental chemical （reoxidation） and mechanical interaction of liquid steel with its surroundings （slag entrainment and erosion of lining refractory）. Types and causes for the nozzle clogging were also summarized. Reasons for bubble formation and bubble size distribution in steels were discussed thereafter. Finally, morphology and causes of inclusion-related defects in continuously cast steel products were reviewed, such as flange cracking in cans, slag spots and line defects on strips.     

钢中夹杂物的系统分析技术

 钢中夹杂物的检测分析与控制技术是钢洁净度研究的重点。只有能正确全面地分析钢中的夹杂物才能更清晰地明确夹杂物的来源和生成机制,从而确定相应减少和控制钢中夹杂物的方法。从试样检测体积、获得的夹杂物信息类别、分析的时间长短以及各自优缺点等方面详细论述了钢中夹杂物的系统分析方法,包括传统的二维检测方法、无损检测方法、夹杂物无损提取方法、夹杂物浓缩方法等,并列举了几组应用结果。通过钢中夹杂物系统分析的方法能够全面地获取钢中的夹杂物信息,并追踪钢最终产品中夹杂物缺陷的遗传信息,对洁净钢的生产有很好的指导作用。