Single-Phase Uninterruptible Power Supply Based on Z-Source Inverter

This paper presents a new topology of uninterruptible power supply (UPS) by using a Z-source inverter, where a symmetrical LC network is employed to couple the main power circuit of an inverter to a battery bank. With this new topology, the proposed UPS can maintain the desired ac output voltage at the significant voltage drop of the battery bank with high efficiency, low harmonics, fast response, and good steady-state performance in comparison with traditional UPSs. The simulation and experimental results of a 3-kW UPS with the new topology confirm its validity.      

Improved PWM Control Strategy for Inverters and Induction Motor Drives

This paper develops a novel pulse-width modulation (PWM) strategy for application in uninterruptible power supply (UPS) and ac motor drive systems. The voltage/current harmonic spectra and other properties of this PWM scheme are thoroughly investigated. This modulation strategy is compared with other modulation techniques, especially with the commonly used sinusoidal modulation scheme, from the standpoints of simplicity, inverter switching losses, motor losses, and other output performance features. This novel modulation scheme produces an acceptable motor curent waveform while keeping the number of inverter commutations low. Implementation of this scheme is quite simple in hardware-based as well as microprocessor-based systems.     

Synthesis of Sinusoidal Waveform References Synchronized With Periodic Signals

This paper proposes a novel method to generate a sinusoidal waveform synchronized with any measurable periodic signal whose frequency is within a given neighborhood. The synthesized sinusoidal signal could be used as a reference current for certain applications of parallel active power filters or any other where such synchronization would be necessary (e.g., ac/dc converters for renewable energy resources, power factor correctors, power supplies, UPS, etc.) The method is based on the behavior of a dynamical system and avoids employing the usual combination of phase-locked loop (PLL) and lookup table found in most parallel active filters synthesizing a sinusoidal source current (a table also means using significant storage memory). The novel method produces two high-quality sinusoidal waveforms that are in quadrature and is applicable to those parallel active filters whose control methodology is in the reference frame, or alternatively, it produces three sinusoidal waveforms shifted 120 degrees for designs that work in the frame. Here, a th order implementation is described, including a proof of convergence. For its most simple implementation , simulated and experimental results are included.     

A novel uninterruptible power supply system with active powerfactor correction

This paper presents a simplified sinusoidal uninterruptible power supply (UPS) system. The proposed scheme includes features such as high power factor, low total harmonic distortion and good dynamic response at the AC output voltage. In addition, the scheme has the desirable characteristics, of high efficiency, simple circuit and low cost compared with a traditional standalone multiple stages UPS with power factor correction. The paper also presents the circuit operation, the analysis and, experimental results of the proposed UPS scheme. The proposed UPS approach is a good solution in low. power applications (⩽500 W)     

High-Performance Transformerless Online UPS

In this paper, a high-performance single-phase transformerless online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is proposed. The proposed UPS is composed of a four-leg-type converter, which operates as a rectifier, a battery charger/discharger, and an inverter. The rectifier has the capability of power-factor collection and regulates a constant dc-link voltage. The battery charger/discharger eliminates the need for the transformer and the increase of the number of battery and supplies the power demanded by the load to the dc-link capacitor in the event of the input-power failure or abrupt decrease of the input voltage. The inverter provides a regulated sinusoidal output voltage to the load and limits the output current under an impulsive load. The control of the dc-link voltage enhances the transient response of the output voltage and the utilization of the input power. By utilizing the battery charger/discharger, the overall efficiency of the system is improved, and the size, weight, and cost of the system are significantly reduced. Experimental results obtained with a 3-kVA prototype show a normal efficiency of over 95.6% and an input power factor of over 99.7%.      

基于交流调节器的正弦波逆变器波形控制研究

瞬时值反馈型正弦波逆变器因其对非线性负载适应能力强,受到应用者的关注,是有前景的一种逆变器控制方式,但其控制器设计方法尚不如直流控制系统的控制器成熟,是当前急需解决的一个应用问题。文章首先针对线性时不变交流反馈控制系统的特点,讨论了直流控制系统的调节器不能直接用于交流控制系统的原因,然后给出了适用于线性时不变交流控制系统的交流调节器设计方法,以一个瞬时值反馈正弦波逆变器的控制回路设计问题为例进行了应用性研究,取得了预期的结果。     

一种新的三相补偿型UPS

介绍了一种采用PWM变流器串,并联组合方案的三相补偿型UPS系统结构。与在线式UPS相比,补偿型UPS中的串联变流器的容量仅为整个系统的10％－20％,降低了造价,但并不影响其性能,还给出了补偿型UPS的两种控制原理,以保证输入电流和输出电压正弦,且总的谐波畸变率小于5％。     

基于DSP的全数字UPS逆变器锁相控制技术

为有效保证不问断电源逆变器交直流切换过程不对负载产生过大的冲击,UPS逆变输出电压必须与电网电压的频率及相位保持一致。快速可靠的软件锁相跟踪技术可以准确地为逆变器数字化控制提供与电网电压同频同相的标准正弦电压。本文主要讨论基于TMS320LF2407数字化控制平台的全数字不间断电源中的锁相控制技术。     

从UPS电路拓扑看在线式UPS的性能优势

本文介绍分析了后备式、在线互动式和在线双变换式等各类UPS电路拓扑与性能，指出在线或UPS性能优势所在。     

Practical Control Implementation of a Three- to Single-Phase Online UPS

A high-performance three- to single-phase online uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is proposed. The proposed UPS is composed of a rectifier, a battery charger/discharger, and an inverter. The rectifier has the capability of power-factor correction and regulates a dc-link voltage. When the rectifier becomes unavailable or when the current required by the load exceeds the output rating of the rectifier, the charger/discharger supplies the power demanded by the load to a dc-link capacitor. The inverter provides a regulated sinusoidal output voltage and limits an output current under an impulsive load. New control algorithms of the rectifier, the charger/discharger, and the inverter are proposed. The proposed algorithms of the rectifier and the charger/discharger improve dynamic performance at step load change. To improve the transient response of the output voltage at outage of an input source, a mode change method of the charger/discharger is also proposed. Additionally, the proposed current-limit algorithm of the inverter can be implemented without additional hardware, and it increases the reliability of the UPS.      

Microprocessor-based modified discrete integral variable-structurecontrol for UPS

This paper presents a digital signal processor microprocessor-based high-performance uninterruptible power system (UPS). It also modifies the integral variable-structure control (IVSC) approach to be more suitable for the UPS, which is tracking a sinusoidal AC voltage with specified frequency and amplitude. Since the implementation of the control laws has tended to the digital microprocessor, the paper extends the modified IVSC to the discrete time domain. Procedures are developed for determining the control function, the switching plane and the integral control gain, so that the system has desired properties. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed scheme can supply a high-quality voltage power source in the presence of load disturbance and parameter variation     

Analysis and design of a multiple feedback loop control strategyfor single-phase voltage-source UPS inverters

This paper presents the analysis and design of a multiple feedback loop control scheme for single-phase voltage-source uninterruptible power supply (UPS) inverters with an L-C filter. The control scheme is based on sensing the current in the capacitor of the load filter and using it in an inner feedback loop. An outer voltage feedback loop is also incorporated to ensure that the load voltage is sinusoidal and well regulated. A general state-space averaged model of the UPS system is first derived and used to establish the steady-steady quiescent point. A linearized small signal dynamic model is then developed from the system general model using perturbation and small-signal approximation. The linearized system model is employed to examine the incremental dynamics of the power circuit and select appropriate feedback variables for stable operation of the closed-loop UPS system. Experimental verification of a laboratory model of the UPS system under the proposed closed-loop operation is provided for both linear and nonlinear loads. It is shown that the control scheme offers improved performance measures over existing schemes, It is simple to implement and capable of producing nearly perfect sinusoidal load voltage waveform at moderate switching frequency and reasonable size of filter parameters. Furthermore, the scheme has excellent dynamic response and high voltage utilization of the DC source     

关于UPS‘Delta变换技术''的讨论

“Delta变换技术”是近年来在UPS中使用的新技术，而应用“Delta变换技术”的UPS产品也已经推向市场。本文从“Delta变换技术”的技术属性、应用该技术的UPS主电路结构及其PFC功能、在线式工作功能等方面对它作了较详尽的介绍。     

基于DSP控制的在线式UPS装置研究

介绍了一种基于Ti（Texas Instruments）公司的TMS320F240数字信号处理器的在线式UPS，分析了系统设计中的一些关键技术问题。设计了一台容量为6kW的在线式UPS试验装置，并进行了验证，实践证明所研制的装置完全达到技术要求。     

Combination voltage-controlled and current-controlled PWM invertersfor UPS parallel operation

In this paper, a scheme of combination of voltage-controlled and current-controlled PWM inverters for parallel operation of a single-phase uninterruptible power supply (UPS) is proposed. The voltage-controlled PWM inverter (VCPI) unit as a master is developed to keep a constant sinusoidal wave output voltage. The current-controlled PWM inverter (CCPI) units are operated as slave controlled to track the distributive current. The power distribution center (PDC) performs the function of distributing the output current of each active unit. In this proposed scheme of parallel operation, each of the units can be designed as nearly independent, and the CCPI units do not need a PLL circuit for synchronization. As a result, the parallel operation of UPS is easy to implement and to expand system capacity. For the purpose of illustration, the system, including three single-phase units which operate in parallel, is analyzed and experimental results are given     

Distributed Control for UPS Modules in Parallel Operation With RMS Voltage Regulation

A novel distributed control for uninterruptible power supply (UPS) modules in parallel operation is proposed in this paper, in which the voltage reference synchronization control and load current distribution control are decoupled by a local feedback. The voltage reference is presynchronized beyond the current distribution control with a microcontroller unit and a wired-and circuit. Both instantaneous current distribution and hot swapping of any module are allowed with all the UPS modules electrically isolated. The transfer function of the circulating current regulator is analyzed and equivalent to a first-order low-pass filter. The control characteristics of the root-mean-square voltage regulator (RMSVR) in each UPS module in parallel operation are researched, as well as the coupling effect between the RMSVR and the load balance performance. The RMSVR's impact on current distribution is compensated by introducing the amplitude of the output current or the circulating current into the amplitude adjustment of the sinusoidal voltage reference signal. As a result, both the current sharing and the output-voltage performance of the whole system are effectively improved. Theoretical analysis and experimental results are provided to demonstrate the validity and feasibility of the proposed control.      

选择和使用维护UPS电源

对在线式正弦波输出UPS、后备式正弦波输出UPS、后备式方波输出UPS电源的主要特点进行了介绍,指出在选购UPS电源时应着重考虑的几个因素,并对UPS电源的日常维护提出了几点建议。     

对UPS两项指标的探讨

本文阐述了UPS招标文件中输入电流谐波成份和输入功率因数两项指标的重要性,指出常用的双变换在线式UPS提高输入功率因数及降低输入电流谐波成份的解决方法.     

Three-phase-to-two-phase direct AC–AC converter with three leg structure

A three-phase-to-two-phase ac–ac converter is, along with a modulation strategy based on the space vector scheme, introduced to directly drive two-phase output ac systems with high input power quality. The converter is capable of synthesising two sinusoidal output voltages with variable output frequency and arbitrary magnitude in quadrature phase-shift as well as sinusoidal input currents.     

逆变器无差拍性能控制方案的分析与设计

分析了两种单电压环的无差拍控制方案。通过分析,比较了两者的异同,指出单纯保证输出电压无差拍控制方案的劣势。并详细分析了能够同时实现两个状态无差拍控制的单电压环控制方案。该方案利用输出电压反馈进行极点配置,实现系统对给定无差拍跟踪;利用负载电流进行前馈控制,实现系统对扰动的抑制。并针对控制策略进行了仿真,验证了方案的可行性。