几种异纤清除机检出效果试验及选型体会

探讨不同异纤清除机的检出效果。介绍了几种国内外异纤清除机的应用情况。就棉纺企业如何选择异纤清除机的问题进行了讨论,并对两种异纤清除机的清除效果进行了对比试验。试验结果表明,精灵-8型异纤清除机的标准试纸投放检出率达到90%,实际异纤投放检出率达到92.6%,经该机清除异纤后织布,布面检验异纤数量较少。认为:精灵-8型异纤清除机清除效率相对较高,且运转性能较为稳定,是使用性能较为成熟的异纤清除设备。     

异纤全面控制思路及实践

探讨异纤的控制方法。将USTER UJVS型异纤机和USTER QUANTUM 3型电子清纱器用于控制异纤,分别在新疆长绒棉5.9 tex纱和新疆细绒棉9.8 tex纱上进行试验,通过优化异纤机喷射次数和电子清纱器的FD、VEG和PP清纱曲线,达到了较好的异纤清除效果。认为:将异纤机和电子清纱器结合起来控制异纤能达到更好的控制效果。     

“一线串两机”的异纤清除原理与应用

探讨"一线串两机"异纤清除配置方案的原理与应用效果。分析了实际生产中影响异纤分拣机清除效率的主要因素,提出"一线串两机"异纤分拣系统的新型配置方案,并进行了实际生产应用验证,结果获得了较好的效果,使异纤清除效率得到较大幅度提高。认为,"一线串两机"配置方案通过二次开松与二次检测能够较好地解决异纤遮挡问题,改善异纤清除效果,是进一步提高分拣机清除效率的一条有效途径。     

SP-FPU型异纤清除机的应用

探讨SP-FPU型异纤清除机的使用性能和使用效果。介绍了SP-FPU型异纤清除机结构、基本功能、工作原理及参数配置,对异纤检出效果进行了试验分析。并与人工检异纤做了效果对比。实践证明:在同批原料的情况下,用SP-FPU型异纤清除机挑拣与人工挑拣相比,挑拣出的每吨原棉中的异纤质量基本相同,但SPFPU型异纤清除机不能排除头发丝。使用1台SP-FPU型异纤清除机可节约挑拣棉花用工34人。认为:使用SP-FPU型异纤清除机结合络筒机清纱器异纤把关切割,基本可以杜绝"三丝"的困扰。     

再谈异性纤维的在线检测清除

为了用好异性纤维检出设备,对提高异纤检出率的问题进行了分析,综合评定了异纤检出机的作用.认为异纤检出机的检出率一般应在80%左右,将开清棉工序异纤检出机和带异纤检出功能的电子清纱器结合使用,可有效提高异纤检出率,保证产品质量.     

提高异纤检测清除率的研讨

分析了异纤检测清除机存在的主要问题。提高异纤的检出率应从改善无色异纤检测、提高喂入筵棉开松度、控制棉流速度、增加光源亮度和提高传感器分辨率、采用多组传感器以及尽可能使检测和喷除同步进行等方面采取综合措施。提出了异纤检测清除机判断和评价的指标及计算、考核、测试方法,肯定了清除异纤用电子清纱器的必要性和作用。清除的重点应放在原料和对清除工序的控制,并应加强对原料包装材料的管理。     

TK930s型电子清纱器清除异纤的实践

为提高筒纱质量,应用TK930s型电子清纱器进行了清除异纤的实践.针对新疆长绒棉含异纤多的特点,对CJ 11.7 tex纱设计了三种清纱工艺,并进行了工艺优选.认为清纱工艺的设定不宜过于严格,以免影响生产效率及捻接后再次造成纱疵.通过合理设定TK930s型电子清纱器工艺参数,使异性纤维得到有效控制,提高了筒纱质量.     

JWF0011B型异纤分检机的应用体会

研究JWF0011B型异纤分检机的应用效果,对JWF0011B型异纤分检机的设计原理及系统组成作以介绍,采用色纸进行了模拟试验以测试其异纤检出率,并分析了JWF0011B型异纤分检机在工厂中的实际应用效果。结果表明,该机清除异纤的效果显著,对白色异纤有较强的检除功能。     

棉纺织中异纤清除方法、检测及表征

分析了棉纺织生产过程中异纤数量和形态的变化,介绍了异纤清除的主要方法,系统地提出了棉纺织生产过程中棉花、棉条、棉纱和棉布中异纤的检测方法、含量表征及异纤检出率计算公式,为行业统一、规范异纤检测方法和表征指标提供参考。     

YQ600H型异纤清除机的应用体会

我公司有10万纱锭,每月使用约1400t新疆棉,每天使用原棉约49 t,人工分拣异纤需200人左右,每月工资20余万元,3个月人工分拣异纤的工资相当于1台YQ600H型异纤清除机的成本.于是我公司先后购置了4台异纤清除机分拣异纤,已经基本代替了人工手拣,用工从原来200人减至10人左右,主要处理夹层包、异纤包等.我们经过反复试验,机器对异纤的清除率均在80％以上,比人工分拣效果好.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the