Competition of Rational Harmonic Mode-Locking and Continuous-Wave Lasing in Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Fiber Laser Under Optical Pulse Injection

Twentieth-order rational harmonic mode-locking (RHML) semiconductor optical amplifier fiber laser (SOAFL) pulses are demonstrated by using 1-GHz backward dark-optical comb injection. Maximum frequency detuning range of plusmn 300 Hz, broadened pulsewidth of 35 ps, and highest average power of 0.4 muW for twentieth-order RHML-SOAFL pulse are characterized. The extraordinary phenomena on the red-shifted wavelength from 1535.5 to 1541.5 nm and the corresponding spectral linewidth reduced from 12 to 3 nm are observed with the RHML order increasing to 8 or higher. Such a less pronounced RHML mechanism at higher orders occurred in the optically injection mode-locked SOAFL is mainly attributed to the weak mode-locking strength at high RHML orders as compared to continuous-wave lasing mechanism.     

Optical Pulse Compression Based on High-doped Erbium Fiber Amplifier and Standard Single-mode Fiber

Proposed is a novel optical pulse compression technique based on high-doped erbium fiber amplifier and standard single-mode fiber（SMF）. We used the amplifier with the erbium ion concentration of 6.3）〈 10^-3 to amplify a hyperbolic secant pulse from a regeneratively mode-locked fiber laser. The central wavelength, pulsewidth and peak power of the pulse are 1 550 nm, 12. 5 ps and 3 mW, respectively. Then the amplified pulse with peak power level corresponding to a higher-order soliton is compressed when it propagates through a 3-km-long single-mode fiber. Studied are the compressed pulses under different pump powers and fiber lengths. The results show that it can get a narrower pulse, and solve the difficulty that pulses at low power can not be compressed directly in the fiber. And the construct is compact.     

基于SESAM的全光纤被动锁模光纤激光器

研究实现了一种主振荡功率放大（MOPA）结构的高功率全光纤皮秒级被动锁模掺镱（Yb3+）光纤激光器。种子源为基于半导体可饱和吸收镜（SESAM）的锁模光纤激光器,其为线性腔结构,输出功率为5.97 mW;预放大级采用单模掺镱光纤进行放大,之后经过4倍重复频率倍增系统和两级双包层掺镱光纤放大器,最终实现了平均功率74.3 W,中心波长1063.4 nm,脉冲宽度7.0 ps,重复频率68 MHz的锁模脉冲激光输出。实验中通过对种子光的处理和光纤长度的控制,未出现受激布里渊散射（SBS）、受激拉曼散射（SRS）等非线性效应。     

Electron–Hole Plasma-Induced Spectral Blueshift of Optical-Data Injection Mode-Locked Semiconductor Optical Amplifier Fiber Laser

Under an optical nonreturn-to-zero (NRZ) data injection at 10 Gbit/s, the 10-GHz mode-locking and pulsed return-to-zero (RZ) clock extraction from a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) based fiber ring is investigated in this paper. The diagnoses on gain and intracavity-power-controlled anomalous blueshifted spectrum and subpicosecond timing jitter are demonstrated. By increasing the injecting power of the optical NRZ data from ${-}3$ to 8 dBm into the SOA bias at different currents, the mode locking is completed with a dc level greatly decreasing from 480 to 50 $mu$ W (only 1.5% of the mode-locked pulse power at 3 mW), corresponding to a pulse/dc amplitude contrast ratio up to 18 dB. Increasing the SOA bias current up to 350 mA significantly suppresses the timing jitter from 1.8 ps to 345 fs, and the extracted RZ clock pulse is shortened from 55 to 27 ps. The pulsewidth of the amplified SOAFL is compressed from 11 ps to 836 fs after dispersion compensation. At constant data injection level, the increasing SOA bias or gain oppositely redshifts the mode-locked SOA fiber ring laser (SOAFL) spectrum by 5 nm. The amplifier spontaneous emission of SOA at short wavelength region (${sim} {hbox {1520}}$ nm) is eliminated with increasing NRZ data power, whereas the mode-locking gain peak arises and blueshifts from 1558 to 1552 nm due to the band-filling effect. Such a blueshift in mode-locking spectrum becomes more significant in SOA at lower bias (or gain) condition. A theoretical model interprets the correlation between the nonlinear gain suppression-induced variation of electron–hole plasma in SOA and the blueshifted mode-locking SOAFL spectrum, which is occurred when the gain saturation condition for the SOA becomes more pronounced.      

百瓦级PCFA/LBO倍频绿光皮秒激光器

具有高平均功率的皮秒级脉冲激光在工业加工、空间探测等领域具有重要的应用。但是锁模产生的皮秒种子光因脉冲宽度窄、单脉冲能量低,难以直接通过传统的行波放大实现功率的高效提升,因此也限制了输出脉冲的非线性频率转换效率。文中通过光栅啁啾脉冲展宽器和狭缝,将中心波长为1030 nm、脉冲宽度7 ps、重复频率52 MHz的光纤锁模种子光脉冲宽度展宽至32 ps,且将其光谱宽度控制在1.1 nm,利用两个空气包层光子晶体光纤放大器将功率放大至190 W。最后通过温度相位匹配LiB₃O₅ 晶体实现了平均功率为103.1 W的绿光皮秒脉冲输出,光束质量因子1.17,二次谐波转换效率54.3%。     

激光二极管抽运掺Yb3+光纤放大器获得2.41W超短脉冲输出

对国产掺镱(Yb3 )双包层大模场面积光纤超短脉冲放大器进行了系统的实验研究。以自己搭建的脉冲宽度为2.3ps,重复频率为95MHz的全固态锁模激光器作为种子源,以976nm大功率光纤耦合激光二极管为抽运源,以1.6m国产掺Yb3 双包层大模场面积光纤为增益介质,在11.2W的入纤抽运功率下,将平均功率为100mW的脉冲种子光放大到平均功率2.41W,单脉冲能量达到了25nJ,放大后脉冲的宽度(时域宽度)和光谱都有所展宽。     

百瓦级1 030 nm光纤-固体混合放大激光器

光纤-固体混合放大技术能够将光纤激光器和固体放大器的优势结合,获得结构紧凑、成本低廉的高功率超短脉冲激光。因此,实验设计了基于掺镱光纤-固体混合放大技术的高平均功率超短脉冲激光器。该激光器主要由全光纤结构激光器和两级固体放大器组成,第一级为基于Yb: YAG单晶光纤的固体放大器,第二级为基于无侧面抛光的棒状Yb: YAG晶体的主放大器。超短脉冲全光纤前端平均输出功率为6.5 W,重复频率52.9 MHz,脉冲宽度47.5 ps。第一级单晶光纤放大器采用单通放大形式,在反向泵浦功率182 W时获得40 W的平均功率。第二级固体放大器同样为单通放大,在反向泵浦功率307 W时获得平均功率122.9 W的超短脉冲激光输出,滤除热退偏激光后获得了107.3 W的线偏振超短脉冲激光,对应斜效率为26.1%。此时测得脉冲宽度为12.1 ps,中心波长为1 030.6 nm,光谱宽度为2.4 nm。在最大输出功率107.3 W时,测得水平和垂直方向的光束质量因子M_x2=1.45,M_y2=1.20。     

百皮秒激光脉冲的全光纤放大及应用

为了得到高单脉冲能量的百皮秒激光脉冲,采用自制的被动锁模掺镱光纤激光器获得了100ps的激光脉冲输出,在此基础上采用两级全光纤结构主振荡功率放大器进行功率放大,其中预放大级采用7m纤芯的双包层掺镱光纤做增益介质,得到平均功率160mW的稳定脉冲输出;主放大级采用20m纤芯的双包层掺镱光纤做增益介质,在抽运功率逐步增加到35.37W时,输出功率达到了16.60W,相应的单脉冲能量为1.63J,峰值功率为16.61kW。此外,主放大级输出的激光通过自制的模场转换器与光子晶体光纤(纤芯4.6m)成功熔接,得到了2.85W的白光超连续光谱,光谱波长覆盖了600nm~1700nm的检测范围。结果表明,此激光可用于超连续谱光源的产生。     

全光纤结构锁模脉冲光纤放大器

随着光纤技术的不断发展,光纤激光器以其体积小、结构紧凑、高效率、光束质量好、高稳定性等优点逐渐受到重视。近些年,具有高峰值功率、高重复频率和高单脉冲能量的脉冲光纤激光器越来越成为研究和应用领域的热点。利用自行搭建的环形腔光纤激光器,获得了稳定的自启动锁模脉冲种子源,以掺Yb双包层光纤为增益介质,采用包层泵浦的方式和主振荡功率放大结构(MOPA),通过两级放大,使平均功率为70 mW的信号光得到25.2 dB的增益,获得了平均功率23.07 W,中心波长1 064 nm、重复频率41.3 MHz,脉冲宽度50 ps,单脉冲能量0.56μJ,峰值功率11.2 kW的锁模脉冲激光,光光转换效率为42.4%,实现了全光纤结构的锁模脉冲放大器。     

瓦级输出全光纤结构2.0μm掺铥皮秒脉冲光纤激光器

研制了高功率全光纤结构2μm波段掺铥皮秒脉冲光纤激光器。该激光器采用了主振荡功率放大(MOPA)结构设计,种子源采用790nm的多模半导体激光器作为抽运源、双包层掺铥光纤作为激光增益介质、半导体可饱和吸收镜(SESAM)作为锁模器件,从而实现了重复频率为10.4MHz的皮秒激光脉冲输出,其最大平均输出功率为15mW。种子源经过一级掺铥光纤放大器后,获得了1.1W高平均功率输出,相应的单脉冲能量高达105nJ,激光脉冲宽度为9ps,峰值功率为11.6kW。此时测得激光脉冲的中心波长为1963nm,3dB光谱带宽为0.5nm。     

Picosecond and femtosecond pulse generation in a regenerativelymode-locked Ti:sapphire laser

The authors have produced transform-limited pulses ranging from 100 ps to 40 fs duration from a Ti:sapphire laser. Output powers in excess of 1 W and peak powers of 0.5 MW have been observed. They describe the technique of regenerative mode locking and present evidence that a transient with a peak power of more than 10 kW is required to initiate mode locking. The role of group velocity dispersion is highlighted and a value of -750 fs² is measured for the group delay dispersion in an operating laser. The authors describe the limits on both the power and pulsewidth obtainable from this laser and present pulse compression experiments which produce 17 fs pulses with 70 mW of average power     

Er-Yb femtosecond ring fiber oscillator with 1.1-W average power and GHz repetition rates

We report an all-fiber passively mode-locked femtosecond laser oscillator based on the heavily doped Er-Yb phosphate-glass active fiber. Only 20 cm of the gain fiber is sufficient to produce as much as 1.1 W of average output power at 1.5 /spl mu/m directly from the oscillator. The laser can be harmonically mode-locked at repetition rates ranging from 1.7 to 7.2 GHz by adjusting the polarization bias in the cavity. The pulsewidth varies from 300 to 570 fs at the lowest and the highest repetition rate, respectively, and the maximum peak pulse power exceeds 1 kW.     

平均功率近2 W的被动锁模皮秒掺镱光纤激光器

报道了一个三级主振荡功率放大(MOPA)结构的瓦级皮秒光纤激光器.第一级利用半导体可饱和吸收镜(SESAM)和光纤光栅组成线性腔,构建了一个低功率的被动锁模掺Yb3+光纤激光器,其最大平均输出功率为9.2 mW,作为整个激光器的种子源;第二级采用单模掺镱光纤放大器对种子光进行预放大,得到108 mW平均输出功率;第三级采用带树状耦合器的双包层掺镱光纤放大器进行功率放大,获得了1.9 W平均输出功率.得到的脉冲脉宽36 ps,中心波长1064 nm,重复频率29.6 MHz,峰值功率1.8 kW,相应的单脉冲能量为61 nJ.实验中观察到种子源输出光谱中有一个凹陷,这是由于光纤光栅反射率过高并且带宽较窄引起的.     

Ultrashort Pulses From a Mode-Locked Diode-Oscillator Yb-Fiber-Amplifier System

Ultrashort optical pulses are generated using a hybrid master oscillator power amplifier source. Pulses 2.2 ps in duration generated by a two-contact, bent-waveguide passively mode-locked semiconductor laser are amplified in a ytterbium-doped fiber amplifier to an average power of 0.8 W. External pulse compression yields durations as low as 765 fs with peak powers as high as 0.9kW. Amplification of the harmonically mode-locked diode output has also been demonstrated at the eighth harmonic     

Mode-locked, long-cavity, erbium fiber lasers with subsequentsoliton-like compression

Erbium fiber lasers are described that have cavity lengths of 20-5000 m and are mode-locked at the fundamental cavity frequency using an integrated-optic intensity modulator driven by a novel pulse generator. Resulting optical pulses at 1536 nm were recorded with a synchroscan streak camera and show durations of 10-80 ps with peak powers over 6 W. The shorter cavities yield nearly transform-limited pulses, which are narrowed by solitonlike compression to approximately 5 ps after propagation through an external 14 km fiber     

Wavelength-Shift-Free Adjustment of the Pulsewidth in Return-to-Zero On–Off Keyed Signals by Means of Pulse Compression in Distributed Raman Amplification

A wavelength-shift-free adjustment of pulsewidth in return-to-zero on-off keyed signals is demonstrated by means of adiabatic pulse compression in distributed Raman amplification. The pulsewidth of output signal can be controlled by adjusting the launched pump power into the distributed Raman amplifier. We have successfully demonstrated high conversion performances with low power penalties of less than 1.0 dB at bit-error-rate =10^-9 in a wide pulsewidth tuning range between 13.0 and 3.06 ps at 10 Gb/s.     

基于种子光特性优化的光纤放大器理论分析

种子光特性直接影响放大脉冲的特性,为获得高质量放大脉冲输出,文章对基于SESAM被动锁模光纤放大器中种子光的特性进行优化模拟。理论分析了锁模光纤激光器的单模光纤长度、增益光纤长度、滤波器带宽以及输出耦合比的变化对种子光特性的影响,以及种子光携带的啁啾对放大脉冲的影响。综合色散和非线性效应等对种子光的影响,得到各项参数的最优值,并进行两级放大模拟,最终获得脉冲宽度为1353 ps、光谱宽度为115nm、平均功率为61W的高质量放大脉冲。     

基于增益开关LD的高功率脉冲光纤激光器研究

进行了采用1064 nm增益开关LD全光纤高功率光纤放大的实验研究。采用三级级联光纤放大的方式,第一级放大为单包层光纤放大,第二、三级放大为双包层光纤放大。在第三级放大最大泵浦注入功率为45.2 W时,获得了25.3 W的脉冲激光输出,脉冲宽度223 ps,三级放大的光-光效率为55.9%。若后续进一步增大泵浦功率,则有望实现更高功率输出。     

基于啁啾补偿技术的自相似脉冲压缩光纤设计

为了获得高功率优质的超短脉冲光源,利用色散渐增光纤产生的强线性啁啾对自相似脉冲进行了啁啾补偿光纤设计.首先利用色散补偿光纤得到了半峰全宽为52.6fs、峰值功率为684.5W的超短脉冲输出.在此基础上研究了色散渐增的补偿光纤设计,讨论了色散线性渐增光纤和色散指数渐增光纤对自相似脉冲的压缩影响.当色散渐增系数取1km-1...     

哑铃形高功率全保偏大模场掺镱锁模光纤激光器

采用基于非线性光纤环形镜的哑铃形结构搭建了全光纤全保偏掺镱锁模激光器。通过使用全保偏大模场光纤、高功率光纤器件和优化的腔结构,实现了脉冲宽度在156 ps到8.1 ns范围内可调的高功率、大能量矩形耗散孤子共振脉冲输出,在最大泵浦功率22.7 W下激光器直接输出功率达到5.5 W,脉冲能量达到0.68μJ,峰值功率为84 W。得益于全保偏光纤结构,所设计的激光器具有出色的抗干扰性和稳定性。