基于超材料设计的钡铁氧体吸波涂层研究

本工作设计了一种基于超材料结构的钡铁氧体吸波涂层,分析了超材料的结构设计对钡铁氧体涂层吸波性能的影响,并对涂层的吸波机理进行了研究和讨论。通过仿真发现,钡铁氧体涂层经超材料设计改进后,吸波性能得到大幅增强,改进后的钡铁氧体涂层存在最佳的匹配厚度2.5mm和电阻膜方块电阻值70Ω/,此时涂层的吸收带宽最大,并存在两个吸收峰,在8～18GHz频段内反射损耗都小于-10dB。钡铁氧体通过超材料设计改进后,吸波性能得到极大改善。     

漂珠/钡铁氧体复合材料的制备和吸波性能

采用溶胶-凝胶自蔓延燃烧法制备出漂珠/钡铁氧体低密度磁性复合材料,用扫描电镜、热重-差热分析仪、X射线衍射仪、振动样品磁强计和矢量网络分析仪表征了样品的形貌、结构、电磁性能和吸波性能。结果表明:在漂珠表面形成的钡铁氧体包覆层厚度为5-15 nm,颗粒粒径均小于60 nm。复合材料由六角晶钡铁氧体、α-氧化铁及少量莫来石和石英组成,其磁性能随钡铁氧体与漂珠质量比的增大而增强。复合材料在2-18 GHz频段具有较好的介电损耗和磁损耗性能,当吸波材料厚度为1.5 mm、在14.2 GHz处反射损耗峰值为-29.2 d B,反射损耗小于-10 dB的带宽为4.5 GHz。     

Sr0.7La0.15Ce0.15Fe11.7Zn0.3O19/PAn复合材料的制备及微波吸收性能

用溶胶-凝胶法制备了La、Ce、Zn掺杂锶铁氧体Sr0.7La0.15Ce0.15Fe11.7Zn0.3O19纳米粉晶,再通过原位聚合反应法制备了掺杂锶铁氧体/聚苯胺(PAn)复合材料.用XRD、SEM、FTIR对样品进行表征,用微波网络分析仪测量了样品在2～12.4GHz频率范围的微波反射率(R).研究结果表明,聚苯胺包覆于掺杂锶铁氧体粒子表面,Sr0.7La0.15Ce0.15Fe11.7Zn0.3O19/PAn微波吸收性能优良,具有磁损耗和电损耗协同作用.复合样品厚度为3mm时,10GHz频率位置吸收峰值为-28dB,10>dB吸收带宽为4.7GHz.从R随频率变化的曲线趋势看,最佳匹配厚度为2.6mm,吸收峰值接近-40dB,峰值频率高于12.4GHz,>10dB吸收带宽预计达到5.5GHz.     

掺杂稀土元素镧的钡铁氧体超微粉末的微波吸收特性研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂稀土元素镧的钡铁氧体超微粉末,就镧元素的掺杂含量对钡铁氧体吸波性能的影响进行了对比研究.实验表明,用聚乙二醇凝胶法制备的BaLaxFe12-xO19超微粉末,当x为0.03时,对微波吸收效果最佳.在涂层厚度1.0mm,测试频段为7.5～11.9GHz内,吸收量均在25dB以上,在11.6GHz处,吸收峰值达41.4dB.     

稀土元素对W型钡铁氧体微波吸收特性的作用

采用化学共沉淀法制备W型钡铁氧体,研究稀土元素Dy、Nd、Pr掺杂对铁氧体微波特性的作用.发现:稀土元素的掺入能有效调整铁氧体的微波电磁参数,使自然共振频率向高频移动,并明显提高试样的高频弛豫特征,同时减小复介电常数,以利于阻抗匹配.在一定范围内增大Dy的掺杂量x,有利于进一步获得低介电损耗和高磁损耗,用数值计算模拟方法得到x=0.05时匹配厚度下铁氧体在2～18GHz范围的反射率曲线:吸收峰值达-52.34dB,吸收率小于-10dB的带宽7.9GHz,结果表明稀土Dy掺杂有利于制备轻、薄铁氧体吸波材料.     

Z型铁氧体Ba_3（MnZn）_xCo_（2（1-x））Fe_（24）O_（41）的微波吸收性能

用溶胶-凝胶法制备锰锌掺杂Z型钡钴铁氧体Ba3（MnZn）xCo2（1-x）Fe24O41（x=0.0、0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5）样品。用XRD和SEM对样品的晶体结构、颗粒形貌进行表征,用微波矢量网络分析仪测试该样品在2～18GHz微波频率范围的复介电常数、复磁导率,根据测量数据计算电磁损耗角正切及反射率,探讨该材料的微波吸收性能与电磁损耗机理。结果表明样品为Z型六角铁氧体晶体结构,颗粒呈六角片状形貌;当样品厚度为2.2mm、x=0.4时,在频率3.9GHz处吸收峰值为38.5dB,10dB以上频带宽度为3.8GHz;该材料能在1～5.8GHz微波低频范围实现有效吸收,其微波吸收兼具磁损耗和介电损耗,但磁损耗更为显著。     

化学镀镍碳纳米管的微波吸收性能研究

采用化学镀的方法对碳纳米管进行表面镀镍,TEM观察证实了碳纳米管上已镀覆了镍层,镀层厚度约8～15nm.采用HP8722ES矢量网络分析仪测量了样品在2～18GHz频率范围内的复介电常数(ε=ε′-jε″)和复磁导率(μ=μ′-jμ″).用吸收屏理论公式计算其反射损耗(R.L.)、匹配厚度(dm)及匹配频率(fm).结果表明,随着匹配厚度的增大,化学镀镍碳纳米管的吸收峰没有发生移动,当匹配厚度dm=0.2mm时,样品最低反射损耗达-11.40dB,对应的匹配频率fm=15.6GHz,而且在整个电磁波频率测试范围内,反射损耗值均＜-10.5dB,能够作为一种理想的电、磁损耗型吸波材料.     

W型铁氧体Ba（MnCu）xCo2-2xFe16O27的微波吸收性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了(MnCu)组合掺杂W型钡钴铁氧体Ba(MnCu)xCo2-2xFe16O27(x=0.1、0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5)样品。用XRD和SEM对样品的晶体结构、表面形貌、粒径进行了表征,用微波矢量网络分析仪测试了该样品在2~18GHz微波频率范围的电磁参数,根据测量数据计算电磁损耗角正切及得出微波反射率与频率的关系,探讨了该材料的微波吸收性能与电磁损耗机理。研究结果表明,Ba(MnCu)xCo2-2xFe16O27晶粉呈微米级六角片状形貌,煅烧温度1235℃以上的晶体结构为W型,是一种宽频带强损耗微波吸收材料。当x=0.3时,厚度为2.3mm的样品在频率为10GHz处的吸收峰为24dB,10dB以上频带宽度达8.8GHz。样品的微波吸收主要来自畴壁共振、磁化弛豫和自然共振引起的磁损耗,介电损耗较弱。     

M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯纳米复合材料的制备及其微波吸收性能的研究

从实验和理论两方面研究了M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯复合材料的微波吸收性能。实验上采用溶胶-凝胶法制备M型钡铁氧体,然后在钡铁氧体存在的条件下原位聚合得到M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯复合材料。理论上假设试样厚度d=2mm,计算出不同聚吡咯复合材料的理论反射率。结果显示M型钡铁氧体-聚吡咯复合材料具有较好的吸波效果。     

纳米级六角晶系M型铁氧体微波吸收特性的研究

采用溶胶－凝胶法制备纳米级M型铁氧体,并对其吸收特性进行了研究。实验发现该种材料在厚度约为1.00mm处吸收最,适龄真正尖率为10.0GHz;同时比较了在最佳厚度下,不同退火温度样品的吸收频率特性。     

Enhancing absorption properties of Mg–Ti substituted barium hexaferrite nanocomposite through the addition of MWCNT

M-type barium ferrite with Mg–Ti substitution and MWCNT addition was synthesized using high-energy ball milling. The prepared sample was further analyzed using X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), vibrating sample magnetometer and vector network analyzer. The results showed that the particle size had a wide range of distribution, and a hexagonal structure was formed in the sample. The sample was observed to have lower saturation magnetization and coercivity after Mg–Ti was substituted with MWCNT and added into the barium hexaferrite. Reflection loss was studied as a function of frequency and thickness of the sample. For Mg–Ti substituted barium hexaferrite composite with a thickness of 2.0 mm, the reflection loss peaked at ?28.83 dB at a frequency of 15.57 GHz with a bandwidth of 6.43 GHz at a loss of less than ?10 dB. The microwave absorption primarily resulted from magnetic losses caused by magnetization relaxation, domain wall resonance, and natural resonance. FESEM micrograph demonstrated that carbon nanotubes were attached to the external surface of the ferrite nanoparticles. The investigation of the microwave absorption indicated that with an addition of carbon nanotubes, the real and imaginary parts of permittivity and reflection loss had enhanced to ?34.16 dB at a frequency of 14.19 GHz with a bandwidth of 5.72 GHz.     

Preparation,characterization and microwave absorption properties of barium-ferrite-coated fly-ash cenospheres

Magnetic composites of barium ferrite coated on fly-ash cenospheres (BFACs) were prepared by sol–gel auto-combustion method. To promote surface activity, we modified fly-ash cenospheres (FACs) surfaces using γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS) as coupling agent and silver nitrate as activating agent before coating barium ferrite films on FACs. The morphology, composition, crystal structure, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of these composite powders were characterized by scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, vibrating sample magnetometer, and vector network analyzer. Continuous and uniform coatings of barium ferrite were found on the surfaces of the FACs. The BFACs powders-epoxy composite possesses excellent microwave absorption properties in the 2–18 GHz frequency range. The maximum microwave reflection loss reaches ?15.4 dB at 8.4 GHz with a thickness of 3.0 mm, and the widest bandwidth less than ?12 dB is 6.2 GHz with a sample thickness of 2.0 mm. The intrinsic reasons for microwave absorption were also investigated. Applications of this composite material in magnetic recording, electromagnetic wave shielding, and lightweight microwave-absorbing fields are promising.     

Complex Permittivity and Permeability of Co$_2$U (Ba$_4$Co$_2$Fe$_36$O$_60$) Hexaferrite Bulk and Composite Thick Films at Radio and Microwave Frequencies

We measured dielectric, magnetic, and microwave properties of Co ₂U hexaferrite (Ba₄Co₂Fe₃₆O ₆₀) polycrystalline bulk and composite thick film samples, and studied the effect of annealing temperature on phase formation and microstructure. We synthesized the bulk samples from a precursor prepared by the citrate method. The values of dielectric constant at radio frequencies (50 Hz-1 MHz) of the bulk Co₂U12 sample sintered at 1200degC are much higher, and the resistivities are lower, compared to M-type barium hexaferrites. Coercivity is also low, having a value of 5 G for the Co₂U12 sample, whereas the saturation magnetization value is 59 emu/g, which is comparable to that of M-type hexaferrites. We also measured the complex permittivity and permeability for Co₂U12 samples at microwave frequencies and found the values high compared to M-type barium hexaferrite at these frequencies. Thick composite films were prepared from a ferrite-polymer mix, and all the above properties were studied for these films. We observed that these thick films have lower values of dielectric and magnetic parameters both at low and microwave frequencies. We measured microwave-absorbing properties for the ferrite-polymer sample (ferrite to polymer ratio 70/30) which showed a maximum reflection loss of -37.5 dB at 11.5 GHz for the 3.5-mm-thick sample     

用精铁矿粉制备BaZnCoTi-W型微波吸收铁氧体材料

利用称重、磁性探测和XRD图谱相结合的方式,分析了精铁矿粉的氧化相变过程,发现在750℃时,精铁矿粉被氧化生成α-Fe2O3;采用氧化工艺,直接用精铁矿粉和BaCO3一次烧结制备W型钡铁氧体BaZn1-aMnaCo1+0.5xTi0.5xFe16-XO27,分别研究了Co2+Ti 4+含量(x值)和涂层厚度对磁性能的影响,结果表明:当厚度为2.1mm及x=1.25时,样品在x全波段内(8～12GHZ)吸收衰减大于10dB,吸收峰达到31dB。     

Influence of Ho substitution on structural, magnetic and microwave absorption properties of PbM-type hexaferrites nanoparticles

Ho substituted lead hexaferrites, PbCo_0.5Sn_0.5Ho _x Fe_11?x O₁₉ (x = 0.00–0.75) were successfully prepared by a citrate combustion process. Saturation magnetization and coercivity were measured from MH-loops taken on vibrating sample magnetometer. X-ray analysis reveals that in all samples M-type structure exist with few secondary phases. The results of X-ray diffraction analysis show that the particle size is inversely related to the dopant content. Microwave absorption properties of the nanocrystalline lead ferrite (PbCo_0.5Sn_0.5Ho _x Fe_11?x O₁₉) for single-layer investigated in a frequency range of 2–18 GHz. Results indicated that the substituted Ho can greatly improve the microwave absorption properties of PbCo_0.5Sn_0.5Fe₁₁O₁₉ hexaferrites. For sample with x = 0.75, a minimum reflection loss of ?33 dB was obtained at 16.5 GHz for a layer of 1.8 mm in thickness. The microwave absorption performance of PbCo_0.5Sn_0.5Ho_0.5Fe_10.5O₁₉ ferrite gets significant improvement: The bandwidth below ?15 dB expands from 12 to 16.5 GHz, and the peak value of reflection loss decreases from ?18 to ?37 dB. The minimum reflection loss reaches ?34.2 dB when the substitution amount of the Ho³⁺ ions is 0.25. Also results show that the peak positions of the minimum reflection loss shift toward higher frequency band.     

掺杂对锶铁氧体基复合材料吸波特性的影响

将锶铁氧体、铁砂、混合稀土加工成基础材料,通过掺入一系列的不同类型的吸收介质制成复合电波吸收材料,在8-18GHz频段内测其吸波特性.实验结果表明,在基础材料中掺入Cu粉,使吸收峰移向低频,匹配厚度变大.在基础材料中同时加入MnZn铁氧体,最大衰减量明显增加,-10dB带宽无明显变化.同时掺入几种不同类型的吸收介质,产生了部分的累积效果.     

Development of radar absorbing nano crystals by microwave irradiation

Single phase M-type barium hexaferrite nano crystals of radar absorbing material i.e., BaFe₁₂O₁₉ were synthesized by a modified flux method under cyclic microwave irradiation. Uniform and ultrafast morphological transformation from spherical to pyramidal-faced nano crystals were noticed in field emission electron microscopy during the cyclic microwave irradiation power for constant time. The reflection loss of nano crystals in Ku band (12.4-18.0 GHz) were measured. Significant increments in reflection loss from − 15.23 to − 53.63 dB over a wide bandwidth were noticed during symmetric morphological growth of single phase nano crystals.     

Enhanced microwave absorption performance of graphene/doped Li ferrite nanocomposites

In the present study, Microwave absorbing Li-Sr, Li-Co ferrite nanoparticles and RGO/Li-Sr, RGO/Li-Co ferrite nanocomposites containing Li ferrite and reduced graphene oxide (RGO) were synthesized to further improve the microwave absorption performance of Li ferrite nanoparticles (LiFe₅O₈). The Li-Sr and Li-Co nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal treatment method, the RGO/Li-Sr and RGO/Li-Co nanocomposites were obtained by a polymerization method and were characterized by different techniques. The electromagnetic wave absorption properties of the samples were evaluated by vector network analyzer (VNA) in the frequency range of 2–18 GHz. The magnetic and dielectric loss, impedance matching, and electromagnetic wave absorption of the samples are significantly improved through the addition of RGO. Experimental results revealed that the RGO/Li-Co nanocomposite considerably increased microwave absorption. The minimum reflection loss (RL) of RGO/Li-Co also was found to reach −46.80 dB at the thickness of 3 mm and the effective absorption bandwidth (≤-10 dB) amounted to 6.80 GHz (from 10.52 to 17.32 GHz), which was much higher in comparison with pure Li and Li-Co ferrites nanoparticles. Due to the synergistic effect between magnetic loss and dielectric loss and the good impedance matching, the RGO/Li-Co nanocomposite may be regarded as a new candidate for microwave absorbing materials characterized with a broad effective absorption bandwidth at thin thicknesses.     

用铁砂研制M型铁氧体吸波材料

用铁砂代替Fe2O3,采用传统陶瓷烧结工艺,研制出几种M型六角晶系复合铁氧体吸波材料.有的样品最大衰减达到40dB,10dB带宽在4GHz左右,面密度普遍较小,在8～18GHz频率范围内具有良好的微波吸收特性;实验还发现随着厚度的减小,吸收峰的位置逐渐向高频偏移.