搅拌槽内固体颗粒对液相速度影响的研究

采用自行研制的双电极电导探针 ,在 0 .75m× 0 .75m× 1m方形搅拌槽中 ,测定了玻璃珠 水体系中固体颗粒对液相速度的影响。实验结果表明 :加入密度大于水的固体颗粒后 ,轴流式向下泵送液体搅拌桨的表观排出流量准数增大 ,但实际排液能力并不增加 ;近壁上流区液相速度衰减 ,衰减幅度随固相浓度不同而不同 ;由于固体颗粒的加入 ,搅拌槽底部液相速度衰减 ,与近壁上流区相比衰减幅度较小。近壁上流区液相速度与搅拌转速成正比 ;不同直径的搅拌桨 ,输送功率相同时 ,近壁上流区液相速度相等。近壁上流区液相速度可作为固液悬浮搅拌槽设计的重要参数     

固体颗粒对固液搅拌槽中局部液相速度的影响

分别以粒径不同的树脂和玻璃珠为固相,以水为液相,采用双电导电极探头考察了固体颗粒粒径、固体颗粒浓度和颗粒密度对搅拌槽内固液悬浮体系的局部液相速度的影响.结果表明,加入不同密度和粒径的固体颗粒后,局部液相速度随着固体颗粒直径、固体颗粒体积浓度和密度的增大而减小;固体颗粒直径和密度对剪切速率和循环流量的影响不显著.     

用电导探针测定气-液多层桨搅拌槽内气泡尺寸分布

在直径0.48 m的椭圆底三层组合桨搅拌槽中,使用双电导探针测定常温24℃及热态81℃通气条件下,空气-去离子水体系的局部气泡尺寸分布,分别利用标定法及数学重构法进行数据处理,得出适宜方法为数值解析的重构法.采用以半椭圆管盘式涡轮(HEDT)为底桨,上两层分别为四叶轴流桨下压(WHD)及上提(WHu)操作的HEDT+2...     

固液搅拌槽内液相湍流特性

采用粒子图像测速系统研究搅拌槽内固液二相湍流运动的流场分布规律,结果表明,液相速度随着颗粒体积分数的增加,先增加后变小,在颗粒体积分数为0.5%时有最大值。湍流动能和耗散率大的区域分布在桨叶尖端右下方,随着加入颗粒后,桨叶下方液相湍流动能和耗散率都比清水时大。湍流动能在颗粒体积分数为0.9%时有最大值,湍流动能耗散率在颗粒体积分数为1.3%时有最大值。     

固-液导流简搅拌槽内流体流动和颗粒悬浮特性

在直径0．8m的导流筒搅拌槽内，对单相液体的三维速度分布、固-液两相的固体颗粒浓度分布和离底悬浮特性进行了系统的实验研究．结果表明，导流筒内外的轴向液相速度远大于径向和切向速度，导流筒外壁附近存在一个与主体轴向流动方向相反的二次流区域；搅拌槽底部结构对固体颗粒的临界离底悬浮转速（NJS）有显著的影响，浅锥底的NJS比平底的低14％以上；NJS随固相浓度的增加而增加，但当浓度超过50％时，NJS略有降低；槽内固相浓度分布的均匀性随固相浓度的增加而得到改善．本研究结果对导流筒搅拌槽的优化设计具有一定的指导意义．     

搅拌槽内固液悬浮和气液分散的实验研究

在实验室提出的新型三相搅拌槽——自吸式龙卷流型搅拌槽中,采用六直叶圆盘涡轮桨进行三相混合性能的实验。从固液悬浮、气液分散和传质性能等方面对搅拌槽进行了研究,探讨了固相颗粒对气含率和传质性能的影响,得到了搅拌槽中不同性能参数的变化规律。结果表明:自吸式龙卷流型搅拌槽作为一种新型的三相搅拌槽,能够获得良好的固液悬浮和气液分散效果;当搅拌槽内固相体积分率较低(φ<20%)时,可采用颗粒的壁面堆积高度作为完全悬浮状态的判定标准;固相颗粒的存在会使气含率明显降低,但对传质性能的影响较为复杂,φ<5%时的体积传氧系数K L a高于纯溶液,φ>5%时的K L a低于纯溶液,但都随固相体积分率的增加而降低。     

搅拌槽内固液悬浮和气液分散的实验研究

在实验室提出的新型三相搅拌槽——自吸式龙卷流型搅拌槽中,采用六直叶圆盘涡轮桨进行三相混合性能的实验。从固液悬浮、气液分散和传质性能等方面对搅拌槽进行了研究,探讨了固相颗粒对气含率和传质性能的影响,得到了搅拌槽中不同性能参数的变化规律。结果表明:自吸式龙卷流型搅拌槽作为一种新型的三相搅拌槽,能够获得良好的固液悬浮和气液分散效果;当搅拌槽内固相体积分率较低(φ20%)时,可采用颗粒的壁面堆积高度作为完全悬浮状态的判定标准;固相颗粒的存在会使气含率明显降低,但对传质性能的影响较为复杂,φ5%时的体积传氧系数K L a高于纯溶液,φ5%时的K L a低于纯溶液,但都随固相体积分率的增加而降低。     

液固搅拌槽中固、液相停留时间分布

本文以海沙和自来水为介质研究了在标准搅拌槽内影响固液两相停留时间分布的主要因素,以便比较两相之间的差异,并利用双区模型描述出口流体中固体和液体的停留时间分布。对所建立模型中的参数进行估值后,建立了模型参数与搅拌雷诺数、固体颗粒浓度及搅拌槽几何参数之间的关联式。     

稀疏固液搅拌体系流动特性

引　言在固液两相搅拌反应器中 ,固体颗粒的运动行为直接影响到固液两相流的流体力学及传质特性 ,因此 ,近年来对固液两相体系中颗粒的运动行为研究愈来愈受到重视 .对于流体机械混合操作 ,许多情况下流动均处于湍流区域 ,涉及到多相态时 ,问题变得更为复杂 .颗粒和湍流的相互作用 ,很久以来一直是人们研究的基本问题之一[1～ 3] ,对有固体颗粒存在下液相流体速度及湍流脉动变化规律 ,也是研究人员和工程技术人员关注的重点 .现有文献中用激光测量搅拌槽内固液两相流动的数据很少 ,仅Ｎｏｕｒｉ[3] 测量了六直叶涡轮搅拌槽内固液两相速度分…     

搅拌槽内局部气含率及其分布规律的研究

搅拌槽内局部气含率及其分布规律的研究高正明，王英琛，施力田，傅举孚（北京化工大学化学工程系，北京１０００２９）关键词：局部气含率，气－液搅拌槽，搅拌１前言气－液搅拌槽反应器在石油化工、生物化工等领域内都得到了极为广泛的应用。但由于受到测试手段的限制，...     

HYDRODYNAMIC MODEL FOR THE IMPELLER REGION IN AN AERATED AND STIRRED TANK

The radial and axial distribution of mean 1iquid velocity were measured by a.hot-filmanemometer at the impeller region in an aerated and stirred tank 0.287m in diameter.The tangentialjet model for impeller discharge flow used for single phase flow was modified to conform with thecharacteristics of gas-liquid flow.The radial and axial velocity profiles at the impeller region in thegas-liquid stirred tank were calculated by the model The results predicted by the model were in goodagreement with those obtained in experiment.     

MASS TRANSFER TO THE FREE INTERFACE IN STIRRED VESSELS

Liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients between gas and a flat liquid interface in a stirred tank are proportional to the average rate of energy dissipation raised to the power of one third for water and one quarter for organic solvents. This discrepancy can be attributed to the presence of surface active contaminants in aqueous systems. The critical value of the Reynolds number for the transition between the regime controlled by the small scale turbulence to that controlled by large scale eddies is about 100. The Levich-Davies model was found inappropriate in this case.     

MASS TRANSFER TO THE FREE INTERFACE IN STIRRED VESSELS

Liquid-phase mass transfer coefficients between gas and a flat liquid interface in a stirred tank are proportional to the average rate of energy dissipation raised to the power of one third for water and one quarter for organic solvents. This discrepancy can be attributed to the presence of surface active contaminants in aqueous systems. The critical value of the Reynolds number for the transition between the regime controlled by the small scale turbulence to that controlled by large scale eddies is about 100. The Levich-Davies model was found inappropriate in this case.     

搅拌槽中固体颗粒离底悬浮机理的研究

The minimum fluid velocity to maintain particles just suspended was deduced, and the theoretical analysis shows that the minimum velocity is influenced by the properties of the solid and liquid, not by the operational conditions. For justification, the local minimum velocity at the bottom of the tank was measured by a bi- electrode conductivity probe, in a square-sectioned stirred tank (0.75 m×0.75m×1.0m) with the glass beads-water system. The experiments showed that the fluid velocities for the same suspension state were identical despite that the power dissipated per unit mass was not the same under different configuration and operation. Both theoretical analysis and experimental results indicate that the off-bottom suspension is controlled by the local fluid flow over the bottom of the stirred tank.     

间歇搅拌反应器的微观混合特性

<正> 1 引言 微观混合是指流体分子尺度上的混合,而化学反应过程又是反应物分子间相互有碰撞作用的过程,微观混合对搅拌槽内进行化学反应有直接影响,因此开展对间歇搅拌反应器微观混合状况的研究十分必要。但微观混合的机理和模型较复杂,测定方法较困难,过去20年来集中于机理与模型研究,实际应用报道较少。本文对乙酸乙酯不可逆二级皂化间歇反应器中搅拌转速、介质粘度对微观混合状况的影响进行研究。 2 微观混合状态的描述 2.1 微观混合模型概述 从Danckwerts提出一整套混合统计概念和微观混合的2种极限理想状态后,许多研究者力求把这2种状态结合起来描述实际的微观混合状态,并通过大量实验,从工程和机理角度提出了不少微观混合模型。但这些工程模型都是单参数模型,经湍流类比分析,其微观混合参数都与理想混合时间有关,具有共同的结构特征。     

轴流式翼型-透平组合桨在搅拌釜内的流动

<正>搅拌反应器是化工、医药、食品工业中广泛应用的基础设备之一,当搅拌釜内液深与搅拌釜直径相比较大时(通常比值大于1),往往采用双层或多层桨,以保证顶部到底部的循环流动。 透平桨产生的是径向流,形成以桨叶为中心线的上、下2个循环区,桨叶附近剪切速率高,气体分散能力强。翼型桨产生的流型是轴向流,形成全釜循环,混合均匀,剪切温和。为充分利用两者优势,加强全釜混合,剪切适度,特别是在粘稠物系中,可采用组合桨。目前尚未看到对翼型-透平组合桨流动状况的研究,而对于非牛顿流体中的组合桨流动状况则了解     

MIXING CHARACTERISTICS IN SLURRY STIRRED TANK REACTORS WITH MULTIPLE IMPELLERS

Hydrodynamic parameters such as power consumption, gas holdup, critical impeller speed for solid suspension and mixing time were measured in slurry stirred tank reactors with multiple impellers. The experiments were mainly conducted in a stirred tank of 0.2mi.d. with baffles. It contained two four-pitched blade downflow turbines for gas dispersion and one Pfaudler type impeller for solid suspension. As a part of scaling studies, additional experiments were also carried out in a larger stirred tank reactor (0,8m i.d.) geometrically similar to the smaller one. Glass beads and polymeric particles were used as a solid phase. Solid concentration was in the range of 0-20% (K/K). Tap water and methanol were used as a liquid phase

The power consumption decreased due to an introduction of gas and the presence of solids caused a decrease in the extent of reduction in power consumption. A correlation for power consumption in aerated slurry systems was proposed, It was found that the presence of solids is responsible for a decrease in gas holdup. A new correlation for gas holdup in gas-liquid-solid three-phase stirred tank reactors was developed. It fit the present experimental data reasonably. The critical impeller speed for solid suspensions increased with increasing gas flow rate. However, its increase was rather smaller as compared with the predictions of the correlations available in the literature. We proposed a correlation of the critical impeller speed for solid suspension in the presence of gas. The mixing time complicatedly increased or decreased depending on gas flow rate, impeller speed, solids type and concentration.     

螺旋桨搅拌槽内湍流参数

在直径494和1600mm的平底有机玻璃槽内,利用一维恒温热膜风速仪测量了7种不同搅拌桨-槽体系中流体的时均速度、脉动速度、能谱函数、微分尺度以及湍流耗散等,对螺旋桨搅拌槽内湍流参数分布进行了详细的描述,研究了叶轮叶端安放角及离底距离对流动场的影响,并分析了放大过程对流动场的影响。