Modeling Framework and Architecture of Hybrid System Dynamics and Discrete Event Simulation for Construction

Abstract: Construction system modeling aims to improve construction work performance by tracking the dynamic behaviors of construction systems. More accurate system modeling can be achieved by considering the mutual effects of construction operations on the context level of the system. Hybrid models of discrete event simulation (DES) and system dynamics aim to capture these mutual effects to provide model developers with more precise system analysis. Although system dynamics models are used to capture the behavior of the system at the context level, DES models are utilized to capture construction operations. The potential benefits of utilizing hybrid models for complex systems have been argued and established, but there are still limited studies that have utilized this modeling approach for real construction systems. In this research, we have attempted to identify the challenging issues that have caused this problem and to confront this problem by proposing a hybrid framework and architecture, which address these challenges. To verify the effectiveness of the new model, the performance of the proposed hybrid modeling framework and architecture has been tested by applying the proposed model in a real‐scale construction‐related system.     

基于知识集成的地铁施工安全风险识别专家系统研究

为解决地铁施工安全风险识别过程中,过多依赖专家参与、效率低、易出错等不足,采用专家系统技术对领域显性知识和隐性知识进行集成管理,通过风险及其致险机理分析辨识致险因子集,结合致险因子的属性状态经过知识结构化构建事实库,根据风险识别过程中的因果关系构建扩展产生式规则库,基于典型情况下风险结论可信度临界值进行风险潜在性评价,研究并开发了地铁施工安全风险自动识别专家系统,实现专家知识共享与风险识别自动化,具有推理准确、快捷、智能等优点。     

Risk Assessment for Environmental Management: Approaches and Applications

Effective risk-management measures concerning the health, legislative and financial implications of environmental risk rely fundamentally on a robust risk assessment. Risk-assessment strategies exist at various levels of sophistication, and their application should be staged and matched to (a) the magnitude and significance of risks under study, (b) the sensitivities of receptors, (c) the quality of data available, and (d) the means by which risks are to be communicated. Three risk-assessment approaches are examined and their role is reviewed with respect to the completion of multimedia environmental management projects.     

可视化建材生产工艺管理专家系统

本文采用９０年代发展起来的可视化编程技术，结合建材行业的生产实际，建立人工智能系统，以解决生产实际中发生的工艺问题，该系统设计的出发点是为建材行业提供一个通用的工艺管理平台，改变目前工艺管理水平与生产线已有的自动控制装备不相适应局面。     

施工项目管理专家系统的研究原型

研制一个可达性和可用性的专家系统,时间长,费用大,牵涉面广,研究其研制过程,具有特别重要的意义。本文就施工项目管理专家系统的研究原型,在研制过程中的识别、概念化、程式化、实现和测试等几个问题,做一些初步探讨。     

Geotechnical Hybrid Simulation System for One-Dimensional Consolidation Analysis

A system for a hybrid consolidation simulation was developed to predict more realistically the nonlinear behavior of the consolidation settlement of soft clay, including a large strain consolidation problem. The hybrid simulation method can introduce the mechanical behavior of the soils directly by combining numerical analysis and the soil element test in an online state. In this paper, a fundamental study to apply the hybrid simulation method to the consolidation settlement problem, a basic concept, and the corresponding algorithm and components are presented. Furthermore, using preconsolidated Kaolinite clays, verification studies were also conducted in the laboratory to verify the operational performance and data reliability of the system. On the basis of the test results, we concluded that the new consolidation analysis system using the hybrid simulation concept provided an adequate performance in the reproduction of the consolidation behavior of preconsolidated Kaolinite clays in the aspect of the dissipation of excess pore water pressure and corresponding consolidation settlement.     

并联混合动力装载机建模与仿真研究

运用混合动力驱动理论分析了装载机的工作循环,结合混合动力技术的特点设计了一种基于ISG的同轴并联混合动力装载机结构方案。在Cruise环境下搭建了传统装载机和混合动力装载机两个仿真模型,传统装载机仿真模型用于与试验数据对标以提高模型的仿真精度,混合动力装载机模型在传统装载机模型基础上改建而成。在Matlab/Simulink下搭建混合动力装载机的控制策略模型,将控制策略模型以动态链接库的形式嵌入到混合动力装载机仿真模型中实施联合仿真。在装载机的"V"型工作模式下进行传统装载机和混合动力装载机的对比仿真,结果表明:混合动力装载机可以比传统装载机节约燃油10.7%。     

用于控制器开发的建筑空调混合仿真系统

对于暖通的仿真软件TRNSYS而言,其平台的控制模块具有开发难度大、调试不方便的特点,如果结合MATLAB工具箱和LABVIEW虚拟仪器开发环境建立控制仿真系统,则可以大大加快控制策略的开发和调试。本文在建立了基于TRNSYS的建筑和空调系统仿真模块和基于LABVIEW和MATLAB的控制系统仿真模块的基础上,建立了混...     

物流系统仿真建模方法研究

通过对物流系统的共性进行分析,提出了离散型物流系统仿真的建模方法,并对构成仿真模型的要素及其关系、描述变量进行了阐述.     

An Expert System for Auditing Quality Management Systems in Construction

Abstract: This article introduces a system called Construction Quality Management Audit (CQMA) Expert that assesses the performance of a quality management system (QMS) implemented in a construction firm. CQMA Expert is programmed by using MATLAB's GUI components and its Fuzzy Logic Toolbox. CQMA Expert's rule base is constructed using information obtained from auditors of QMSs. CQMA Expert imports the quality requirements relative to the many quality management processes specified in ISO 9000, processes audit inputs, and generates consistent decisions relative to conformance to standards. It provides an interactive user interface for recording evidence collected during the audit and clearly states the reasons for the conclusions. It contributes to continuous quality improvement because (1) it enhances the maintenance of a QMS by quantifying its performance, (2) it assists with and facilitates the implementation of the duties of auditors in charge of assessing the performance of a QMS, (3) it simplifies the burdensome process involved in keeping track of the audit results of the many quality management processes investigated, and (4) it reduces the impact of the variability caused by the use of different auditors assessing different quality management processes. Case studies based on Section 4.11 of the ISO 9000 standard entitled “Control of inspection, measuring and test equipment” are used to illustrate the system and verify its usability and validity.     

基于GIS的住宅小区物业管理系统研究

对GIS（地理信息系统）用于住宅小区物系统的技术路线、内容和方法进行研究,并探索建立一个基于GIS的住宅小区物业管理系统模式,使之为住宅小区物业管理智能化服务。     

A Geographic Information System (GIS)–Based Bridge Management System

Many bridge authorities responsible for the management and maintenance of bridges in their road networks use computer-based databases or bridge management systems (BMSs) as data management and analysis tools to aid them in performing many important bridge management functions and decisions. Due to superior spatial data handling capabilities, geographic information system (GIS) technology is increasingly being considered for implementation in many infrastructure planning and management systems, including bridge management systems. This article describes the use of a hybrid business and information modeling approach to develop a model to support the development of a geographic information system (GIS)–based bridge management system. It presents the architecture for implementing such a system for the Bridge Unit of the Public Works Department (JKR) in Malaysia. Most GIS systems are technology-based. The methodology used here captures organizational processes as well as information systems requirements. This facilitates business decision making and business process change. Using this hybrid modeling approach, first the organization's business objectives, functions, and processes are modeled. These business requirements form the basis of detailed information requirement analysis. Object-oriented methods are then employed to define object models and show the relationships between objects and the operations performed on them. Finally, the software architecture and interface for developing such a prototype GIS-based BMS is described and some sample screen outputs of the system to analyze and visualize over 2500 actual Malaysian bridge structures in the road network are presented. Future developments of the infrastructure set out here are capable of providing a BMS that supports business processes and facilitates business process change.     

Expert knowledge acquisition: A methodology for GIS assisted industrial land suitability assessment

Aquestionnaire was designed to acquire expert knowledge concerning land suitability assessment for three industrial land uses. The suitability criteria definition and factor weights collected by the questionnaire were integrated into a GIS framework. The interaction of the expert, questionnaire and GIS modelling environment can benefit the plan making process.     

Expert knowledge acquisition: A methodology for GIS assisted industrial land suitability assessment

Aquestionnaire was designed to acquire expert knowledge concerning land suitability assessment for three industrial land uses. The suitability criteria definition and factor weights collected by the questionnaire were integrated into a GIS framework. The interaction of the expert, questionnaire and GIS modelling environment can benefit the plan making process.     

光伏光热系统流程与数值模拟

光伏光热(PVT)系统既可发电,又可为建筑提供生活热水,实现了热电联供。介绍了PVT系统流程及PVT模块的结构,建立了PVT系统的传热数学模型。采用Matlab对模型进行求解,进行了精度验证。对夏热冬暖地区实际PVT系统的综合热效率(包括PVT模块发电效率、蓄热水箱热效率)进行了模拟计算。     

谈工程造价风险管理的补偿性与惩罚性

本文以工程造价风险管理为对象,将风险管理划分为补偿性与惩罚性。补偿性的风险管理是良性互动的,惩罚性的风险管理易导致分歧与争议。惩罚性的风险管理是由招投标和签订合同过程中的主导地位决定的,惩罚性可以转化为补偿性。惩罚性与补偿性的划分有助于造价管理的良性互动。     

利用ArcView GIS建立资料及任务管理系统

针对测绘和规划资料管理上存在的问题,利用ArcView GIS建立了资料及任务管理系统,实现了资料的快速检索,方便了任务管理,在实际应用中取得了良好效果.     

A Knowledge-based Expert System for Design of Roof Trusses

Aknowledge-based expert system has been developed for design of roof trusses, called RTEXPERT. RTEXPERT can advise the user on the appropriate type of the roof truss, selection of the layout of the truss (such as the pitch of the truss and number of panels), and the loading. The basis of design is the American Institute of Steel Construction (AISC) specification. The truss is designed for dead, live, snow, and wind loads in accordance with the American National Standard Institute (ANSI) specification. A novel part of RTEXPERT is the automatic computation of nodal forces due to various loads. The user needs to indicate only the types of the materials used as roof covering and the location of the structure in the United States. RTEXPERT automatically generates all the nodal forces. The knowledge base and explanation facility of RTEXPERT have been developed using INSIGHT 2 + expert system shell. The mathematical computations, graphic algorithms, and data file manipulation routines have been developed in Turbo Pascal. RTEXPERT has a comprehensive graphic interface for displaying the truss configuration, cross sections, loading, and deformed shape. Information about individual members is presented through multi-window graphicstext displays. RTEXPERT can be used as an "intelligent assistant" for design of roof trusses.     

A Knowledge-Based Expert System for Innovative Transportation Financing Techniques

Abstract: This paper discusses the development of a medium-sized knowledge-based expert system for selection of appropriate innovative financing technique(s) for transportation projects by several state and local governments. The steps involved in the development of the expert system, namely, problem identification, conceptualization, knowledge acquisition, knowledge representation, implementation, and testing and evaluation, are discussed. The process of organizing the available knowledge of innovative financing techniques, as well as the process leading to the selection of one or more of them for a particular project, is encoded in the knowledge base of the expert system developed for the purpose. The working system was tested and validated by comparing the output of the system against the recommendations made by transportation professionals in counties and cities in various states. The tests indicate favorable results for the system. The operational system can be used as a decision support system as well as a teaching tool for transportation engineers, planners, private developers, and government officials.